International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169

Volume: 5 Issue: 2 302 305

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A Review : The Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System based on IoT
Platform

Mr. Swapnil Katole Prof. Yogesh Bhute

M.E (Wireless Communication and Computing) Head- Department of Computer Science and
ABHA Gaikwad-Patil College of Engineering Engineering/Information Technology
e-mail: swapnilenggkatole@gmail.com ABHA Gaikwad-Patil College of Engineering
e-mail: yog.bhute@gmail.com

Abstract Good water quality is essential for the health of our aquatic ecosystems. Continuous water quality monitoring is an important tool for
catchment management authorities, providing real-time data for environmental protection and tracking pollution sources; however, continuous
water quality monitoring at high temporal and spatial resolution remains prohibitively expensive. In this system we present a design and
development of a low cost system for real time monitoring of the water quality using IOT(internet of things).The system consist of several
sensors is used to measuring physical and chemical parameters of the water. The parameters such as temperature, turbidity, PH, Flow of the
water can be measured. The measured values from the sensors can be processed by the core controller. The Raspberry pi can be used as a core
controller. Finally, the sensor data can be viewed on internet using cloud computing.

Keywords: water quality monitoring, Internet of Things, Raspberry Pi, cloud computing.

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I. INTRODUCTION upon after seeing the poor condition of sanitation and water in
villages.
In economics, the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) is the
A solution in this regard is extremely important and
largest, but poorest socio-economic group. In global terms,
this project focuses on the above mentioned issues catering to
this includes the three billion people who live on less than
all the technical and economic aspects. The project highlights
US$2.50 per day. Of the many problems face by the people
the entire water quality monitoring methods, sensors,
belonging to this category, water crisis is regarded as the
embedded design, and information dissipation procedure, role
number one global risk, based on the impact to society (as a
of government, network operator and villagers in ensuring
measure of devastation), and ranked eighth global risk based
proper information dissipation. It also explores the Sensor
on likelihood (likelihood of occurring within 10 years as
Cloud domain. While automatically improving the water
announced by the World Economic Forum, January 2015 .
quality is not feasible at this point, efficient use of technology
Nearly 750 million people around the world lack access to safe
and economic practices can help improve water quality and
water which approximates to 1 in 9 people. Also, Diarrhea
awareness among people.
which is caused by inadequate drinking water, sanitation, and
In existing traditional water quality monitoring
hand hygiene kills an estimated 842,000 people every year
systems, the contaminants, and pathogen in the water generate
globally , or approximately 2,300 people per day. Unsafe
frequently since they have been used for many years.
water kills nearly 200 children per day filling about half of the
Thousands of people die world-wide every year especially in
hospital beds.
Africa due to the drinking of contaminated water. Even in
Apart from this, 82% of those who lack access to
Walkerton, Canada (2000), seven people died and over 2,300
improved water live in rural areas, while just 18% live in
people were affected for drinking contaminated water by
urban areas. It is evident that the above mentioned numbers
Escherichia coli. Similar incident occurred in North Battle
are staggering and alarming. But whats more astonishing is
ford, Canada in 2004 where, 7,000 people were affected. Thus,
the fact that in the rural India, there are more number of
developing a real-time online monitoring system in water
mobile users than those who have access to safe drinking
distribution is highly important to prevent the future water-
water and sanitation. Also, in desert places, the poor people
related diseases. A water supply system consists of the water
have to sometime travel long distances and return empty
source, water treatment, and water distribution system .
handed due to unavailability of water. All these facts dawned
Existing water source and water treatment systems suffice to
get purified water.
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication
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However, monitoring water quality in distribution
system is the most important because the purified water flows
to the distribution system that is directly connected to the
human drinking water taps. Using traditional approaches of
monitoring water quality in the water distribution system are
not safe. Chlorinating in distribution system is usually used to
protect microorganisms. However, drinking too much
chlorinated water leads to Cancer and other diseases. Thus,
chlorine is considered as another contaminant as well as
pathogen and viruses. Moreover, there is no single instrument
that can detect all the possible water parameters such as pH,
turbidity, chlorine.
II. PROBLEM DEFINITION
Existing water treatment systems cannot detect the
dissolved contaminants such as chemicals. Additionally, each
laser technology only has limited ability to monitor specific
pathogen or virus. Using traditional approaches of monitoring
water quality in the water distribution system are not safe.
Chlorinating in distribution system is usually used to protect
microorganisms. However, drinking too much chlorinated
water leads to Cancer and other diseases. Thus, chlorine is
considered as another contaminant as well as pathogen and
viruses. Moreover, there is no single instrument that can detect
all the possible water parameters such as pH, turbidity and
conductivity.The laser technology is used to detect the water
quality and analyze the collected data but cannot be used for
online monitoring.
Thus, developing a real-time online monitoring
system in water distribution is highly important to prevent the
future water-related diseases. Thus with this single instrument
can detect all the possible water parameters such as pH,
turbidity and conductivity.
III. MOTIVATION
Water Pollution is a major global problem which requires
ongoing valuation and modification of water resource guiding
principle at the levels of international down to individual
wells. It has been surveyed that water pollution is the leading
cause of deaths and diseases worldwide. The records show that
more than 14,000 people die daily worldwide. In India
predictable 580 people die of water pollution related illness
every day. In many developing countries, dirty or
contaminated water is being used for drinking without any
proper former treatment.
One of the reasons for this happening is the unawareness
of public and administration and the lack of water quality
monitoring system which creates serious health issues. Also
natural phenomena such as volcanoes, algae tints, rainstorms,
and earthquakes also change the quality and ecological status
of water.
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ISSN: 2321-8169
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As water is the most important factor for all living
organisms it is very important to protect it. And water quality
monitoring is one of the first steps required in the rational
development and management of water resources.Thus in this
paper we describe the design of IOT that helps to monitor the
quality of water with the help of information sensed by the
sensors immersed in water, so as to keep the water resource
within a standard described for domestic usage and to be able
to take necessary actions to restore the health of the degraded
water body.Using different sensors, this system can collect
various parameters from water, such as temperature, pH,
oxygen density, turbidity and so on.
IV.OBJECTIVE
1. Design and development of the real- time monitoring
of the water quality parameters in IOT environment.
2. System must be low cost, more efficient and capable
of processing, analyzing, sending and viewing the
data on cloud and also through WIFI to mobile
device.
3. Implement is suitable for environment monitoring,
ecosystem monitoring, etc. and the data can be
viewed anywhere in the world.
4. With this single instrument can detect all the possible
water parameters such as pH, turbidity and
Temperature.
V. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED WORK
In this section, we present the theory on real time monitoring
of water quality in IoT environment. The overall block
diagram of the proposed method is explained. Each and every
block of the system is explained in detail.
Block diagram of proposed system
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 2 302 305
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
In this proposed block diagram consist of several are precise, never wear out, don't need calibration, work under
sensors (temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity) is connected many environmental conditions.
to core controller. The core controller are accessing the sensor
values and processing them to transfer the data through 3. Turbidity sensor:
internet. Ardunio is used as a core controller. The sensor data Turbidity has indicated the degree at which the waterloses
can be viewed on the internet using cloud computing with a its transparency. It is considered as a goodmeasure of the
separate IP address. quality of water.

1. pH Sensor: 4. Raspberry pi 3 B:

As a Water Quality professional working in the

The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer
drinking water field, I know how important it is to accurately
that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard
monitor the disinfectant levels in the drinking water that gets
keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables
served to the public. Usually, that means taking weekly grab
people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to
samples in the distribution system and measuring free chlorine
program in languages like Scratch and Python. Its capable of
or total chlorine residual via a DPD colorimetric
doing everything youd expect a desktop computer to do, from
test. Sometimes, however, it would be nice to know whats
browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to
going on with the disinfectant residual when youre not out
making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
there to take a sample. It would be nice to log the residual
over time. Thats why I wanted to put together an inexpensive
The latest addition to the Raspberry Pi family,
data logger that would measure and log pH, oxidation-
the Raspberry Pi 3 takes the platform to a completely new
reduction potential (ORP), and temperature. From those three
level. Combining a six fold increase in processing power and a
parameters, the disinfectant residual can be approximated, not
doubling of memory capacity with complete backward
to mention that they are interesting parameters to measure and
compatibility with the existing Model B+, Raspberry Pi 3 is
log in their own right. In my research for this project, I also
the perfect board for professionals and hobbyists alike.
came across some other uses in which this device might come
in handy.
The new Raspberry Pi 3 - Model B is jam packed
It seems that aquarists regularly measure these with features! With a new quad core processor and twice the
parameters to keep their aquariums healthy, and it can also be memory with a massive 1GB RAM, It's a whopping 6x faster
used to keep track of oxidant levels in pool or spa. These are than its predecessor. The ultra-low-cost, deck-of-cards sized
three very commonly measured parameters in water system Linux computer has had a makeover, and it's a good one at
security devices that are being used more and more to make that!
sure that a water system is not being tampered with. And, it
can be used in the lab for testing oxidant dosing, or measuring 5. IOT:
reaction kinetics. All human life changed because of the internet. The
internet of things has been heralded as one of the major
development to be realized throughout the internet portfolio of
2. Temperature Sensor
technologies. The Internet of Things (IOT) is concerned with
interconnecting communicating objects that are installed at
These sensors use a solid-state technique to determine
different locations that are possibly distant from each other.
the temperature. That is to say, they don't use mercury (like
Internet of Things represents a concept in which, network
old thermometers), bimetallic strips (like in some home
devices have ability to collect and sense data from the world,
thermometers or stoves), nor do they
and then share that data across the internet where that data can
use thermostats (temperature sensitive resistors). Instead, they
be utilized and processed for various purposes. The internet of
use the fact as temperature increases, the voltage across a
things describes a vision where objects become part of
diode increases at a known rate. (Technically, this is actually
internet: where every object is uniquely identified and access
the voltage drop between the base and emitter - the Vbe - of a
to the network.
transistor. By precisely amplifying the voltage change, it is
easy to generate an analog signal that is directly proportional VI. CONCLUSIONS
to temperature.
Based on a study of existing water quality monitoring
There have been some improvements on the
system and scenario of water we can say that proposed system
technique but, essentially that is how temperature is
is more suitable to monitor water quality parameters in real
measured.Because these sensors have no moving parts, they
time. The proposed system introduces wireless sensor
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 International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 2 302 305
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networking using several sensors to measure water quality, [13] Sokratis Kartakis, Weiren Yu, Reza Akhavan, and Julie A.
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technology is used to monitor data on the internet. Moreover,
to make system user-friendly web browser application is there.
Therefore, the system will be low cost, faster, more efficient,
real time and user friendly. Thus, we can fulfill aim and
objective of the proposed system.

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