REVIEW NOTES FOR CRIMINOLOGIST LICENSURE EXAMINATION

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A. LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION

IV. POLICE PATROL OPERATIONSsasss

1. Also known to be the Anti-Drunk Driving Act of the 2013.

a. RA 10592 c. RA 10586
b. RA 4136 d. RA 10175

2. To carry out the main objective of proactive policing activity, the Head of Patrol Unit of the
local PNP increased the number police patrol officers who are well-trained in community
relations. They had been oriented to establish a healthy relationship with the residents to
gather their confidence and cooperation especially in watching for any untoward incidents, and
to report the same for police actions. What objective of police patrol operation is being
emphasized in the given scenario?
a. Police Immersion c. Criminal Detection, Apprehension, and Detention
b. Participative Law Enforcement d. Team Policing

POLICE IMMERSION part of community oriented policing technique wherein patrol

officers are deployed to familiarize, and mingle with the residents of his area of
responsibility so that they would know them.

3. Arranging of personnel and functions in a systematic manner designed to accommodate

stated goals and objectives in the most efficient manner possible.
a. Organization c. Administration
b. Employment d. Management

ORGANIZATION is also defined as a group of people working together to achieve a

common goal.

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4. In this method, the suspect stands with his feet together, his head tilted straightly back, and
his eyes closed while he estimates the passage of a certain time.
a. One Leg Stand Test c. Horizontal Nystagmus Test
b. Finger to Nose Test d. Rombergs Balance Test

5. The word patrol was derived from the French word patrouiller which means. . .
a. to carry burden c. to go through puddles
b. to wander away from home d. to move from one place to another

Etymology of the word POLICE

Politeia is a Greek word which means a government of a city.
Politia is a Roman word which means a condition of a state, government and
administration.

Etymology of the word PATROL

Patrouiller is a French word which means to go through puddles

6. A principle of sound police patrol organization which is based on the belief that an individual
should be responsible to one and only one person at any given time and in any given situation.
a. Chain of Command c. Unity of Command
b. Span of Control d. Organizing by Function

ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
The following are the principles that enable goals of patrol affairs achieved:
1. Simplicity which can be done by providing simple organizational plan clearly
understood by all concerned, yet detailed to provide clear lines of authority and
responsibility.

2. Organizing by Function it emphasizes the grouping of similar tasks, job

assignments, performance of functions together and placing them under a single
supervision or command officer. In keeping this principle basic distinction between
line and staff functions must be observed.

3. Chain of Command it holds that successive person in the chain of command, from
the first level supervisor to the chief of police must be given an opportunity to deal
with those incidents for which he or she is responsible. A person cannot be held
accountable if the chain of command is violated by allowing other persons below to
handle the situation.

4. Span of Control it is based on the assumption that there is a limit to the number of
individuals that one person can effectively supervise. It depends upon various factors
such as:
a. The type and complexity of the work performed
b. The skills, training and experience of personnel performing the work
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c. The degree of specialization involved in the work performed

d. The knowledge, skills and experience of the supervisor

5. Unity of Command (SUPRA)

7. Part of Foot Patrol Tactics is to walk close to the ______ during the day and close to the
building at night.
a. residential houses c. gates
b. curb d. commercial establishments

8. During the Pre-Deployment Phase, members of the Patrol Team shall form and assemble at
the Patrol Unit Headquarters at least _________ before the start of their shift for their
accounting.
a. 15 minutes c. 25 minutes
b. 20 minutes d. 30 minutes
9. This type of assignment is particularly effective for SATURATION COVERAGE of high crime
areas. It provides extra coverage without alarming the occupants with an unusual number of
police officer.
a. Plainclothes Patrol c. High Visibility Patrol
b. Team Policing d. Police Immersion

10. Alternative patrol system which means the fielding of the field units in their respective areas
of responsibility with prescribed objectives and verifiable tasks scheduled for the day to
augment the calls and other on-sight activities that make up the officers day.
a. Reactive Patrol c. Police High Visibility Patrol
b. Proactive Patrol d. Police Low Visibility Patrol

PATROL ACTIVITIES
1. Proactive Patrol (SUPRA)
2. Reactive Patrol a patrol activity which consist of driving around the district waiting
for something to happen.

11. A fixed point or location to which an officer as assigned for duty, such as designated desk
office or an intersection or crosswalk for traffic duty or spot location for general guard duty.
a. Route c. District
b. Beat d. Post

TERRITORIAL UNITS IN PATROL

1. Post (SUPRA)
2. Route / Line Beat A length of street or streets designated for patrol purposes.
3. Beat Area assigned for foot patrol purposes.
4. Sector Area containing two or more beats, routes or posts.
5. District Geographical subdivision of a large city.
6. Area Section or territorial division of a large city.

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12. The following types of patrol are NOT conducted in SECTOR, EXCEPT
a. foot patrol c. scooter patrol
b. bicycle patrol d. automobile patrol

13. This is done at the last hour of the eight-hour tour of duty to ensure that nothing unusual
has happened to the area of responsibility.
a. Clockwise Pattern c. Straightway Pattern
b. Counter-Clockwise Pattern d. Freewheeling Pattern

PATROL PATTERNS
1. Clockwise Pattern done in the start of the eight-hour tour of duty. Its purpose is for
the patrol officer to survey the condition and situation of the boundaries of his area
of responsibility.

2. Zigzag or Freewheeling this is done by patrolling the streets within the perimeter
of the beats, not at random but with a definite target location where the patrol
officer knows that his presence is necessary. This action is based on the study of the
situation and condition of the beat.

3. Counter-Clockwise Pattern this technique is simply the reverse of the clockwise

pattern. This is done at the last hour of the eight-hour tour of duty to ensure that
nothing unusual has happened within the area of responsibility.

4. Straightway or Crisscross Pattern done by patrolling the length of the street and
therefore the easiest to observe.

5. Cloverleaf Pattern conducted on a highway intersection designed to route traffic

without interference by means of a system of curving ramps from one level to
another in the form of four (4) leaf clover.

14. The following are the advantages of police high visibility patrol, EXCEPT
a. it increases the aura of police omnipresence
b. it diminishes desire to commit crime
c. used to increase the probability of arrest
d. eliminates opportunity on the part of would-be offender to commit crime

VISIBILITY PATROL STRATEGIES

1. Police High Visibility Patrol has the objective of increasing the aura of police
omnipresence in the community to reduce certain type of crime.

2. Police Low Visibility Patrol performed by patrol officers in plainclothes patrol or in

unmarked vehicle with the primary purpose crime repression.

3. Target Oriented Patrol patrol strategy directed towards specific reasons or places.

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4. Directed Deterrent Patrol it is a patrol strategy which differs from traditional patrol
methods wherein patrol officers perform specific predetermined preventive
functions on a planned systematic basis.

5. Interactive Patrol Strategy emphasis is on police-citizen interaction wherein

community input is sought in resolving patrol problems.

6. Aggressive Patrol Strategy emphasis is on the positive target oriented activities

which includes physical security inspection. This is effective if the information
regarding crime trends is based on crime analysis.

15. Done during the In-Field Preparation phase, where the outgoing patrol officer orients the
relieving officer as to the condition of their particular area of responsibility prior to the formers
turnover.
a. Debriefing Conference c. Assembly
b. Conference d. Indoctrination

PREPARATIONS FOR PATROL OPERATIONS

1. General Preparation The first and foremost in his preparation for patrol duty is
attitude preparation. As much as possible, his attitude must be positive.

2. Pre-patrol Preparation Prior to going out on patrol the policeman should be armed
with knowledge and equipment. In order to have knowledge about their task, there
is a fall-in formation at headquarters, precinct, or the police block as the case may
be, which is devoted to the giving of specific assignments, vehicles to be used and
partner (if any), break and meal time and patrol assignments.

3. Vehicle Inspection involves inspection of patrol vehicles to be used before going

out of patrol.

4. In-Field Preparation whenever possible, the police officer who is to go out on

patrol should have a debriefing conference with the relieving officer.

5. District Orientation Tour involves familiarization of assigned area for patrolling

upon arrival in the field.

16. Included in Patrol Tactics is that whatever patrol pattern is used, perform it in __________.
a. regular and definite manner c. military and alert manner
b. fast and furious manner d. irregular and unpredictable manner

17. The system of attaching miniature camera and transmitter to a search dog which makes the
dog mans best friend and even better friend, because the dog can now be the eyes and ears of
his handler in situations, where saving life is a paramount objective.
a. WOLF c. CANINE
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b. FOX d. WOLVES

WOLVES Wireless Operational Link and Video Exploration System

18. It is a grass-root approach undertaken to bring the people and the police together in a
cooperative situation.
a. New Cops on the Block c. Team Policing
b. Community Oriented Policing System d. Participative Law Enforcement

TEAM POLICING it attempts to integrate the police and the community interest into a
working relationship so as to produce the desired objective of peacekeeping in the
community. Team Policing originated in Aberdeen, Scotland.

19. Component of Integrated Patrol System which includes security guards deployed in the area,
traffic enforcers, junior police, the barangay tanods, civilian volunteers, radio groups, and
officers of non-government organizations.
a. Fixed Component c. Auxiliary Component
b. Patrol Component d. Non-Uniformed Component

COMPONENTS OF INTEGRATED PATROL SYSTEM

1. Fixed Component includes the different police station headquarters, police
community precinct (PCP), police visibility points and traffic post.
a. Station Desk serves as 3 Cs of police force: Communication, Coordinating
Center, or Command Post.
b. Police Community Precinct it is headed by a Police Commission Officer with
a rank of Chief Inspector or Superintendent with a minimum of thirty (30)
personnel including the commander divided in three (3) shifts of eight (8)
hours duty.

2. Patrol Component includes air patrol, the line beat patrols, mobile patrols, and
detective repressive patrol.
a. Police Beats consists of identifiable boundaries within area of responsibility
where an officer can conduct patrol.

3. Auxiliary Component includes the security guards deployed in area, the traffic
enforcer, barangay tanods, volunteers, and NGOs.

20. Basically, Patrol Division, due to its significant value in attaining the main objective of the
national law enforcement agency, is considered as. . .
a. backbone of police agency c. backbone of the law enforcement
b. backbone of police operation d. basic police function

21. Pertains to the feeling of would-be criminals that policemen are everywhere. This gives the
feeling of fear on his (would-be offender) part and of safety on the part of law abiding citizens.
a. Psychology / Aura of Police Omnipresence c. Diffusion
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b. Deterrence d. Discouragement

22. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Mounted Patrol?

a. could be used in certain areas where automobile is prohibited such as wooden areas, etc.
b. environment friendly
c. ideal to use in National Highways
d. economical

MOUNTED / HORSE PATROL

The second to the oldest patrol type (next to foot patrol). This is usually
conducted in wooden and large park areas. Mounted officers can see three (3)
blocks more than a foot patrol officer.
23. People who first used Canine Assisted Patrol.
a. Germans c. Romans
b. Americans d. Egyptians

CANINE (K-9) ASSISTED PATROL

1. First used by Egyptians for patrolling, police dogs are especially useful in high
crime areas, dangerous search situations (identification of suspected bomb),
dealing with street gangs, dispersing crowd, taking fleeing suspects into
custody, guarding suspects, searching and detection of drugs in packages or
on suspects. It is essential for most medium-sized and large police
departments.

2. Provides great assistance in search and rescue as well as in smelling out illegal
drugs and bombs. A dog is capable of recognizing an odor ten (10) million
times better than human can.

3. A single K-9 team is able to complete building searches seven (7) times faster
than four (4) officers working together to search the same building.

ADVANTAGES OF CANINE (K-9) ASSISTED PATROL

1. Canine dogs provide protection for patrol officer
2. Best in locating trapped people during emergencies
3. Can be used in crowd control
4. Great assistance in locating narcotics and bomb

DISADVANTAGES OF CANINE (K-9) ASSISTED PATROL

1. Expensive to maintain
2. Works with only one (1) handler
3. Dog training is extensive and expensive; requires three (3) months to train
4. Territorial

BREEDS OF DOGS APPROPRIATE FOR POLICE WORKS

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1. German Shepherd the most frequently used and high scoring dog for police work.
2. Bloodhounds a large powerful dog with dropping ears, sagging jaws, and keen
sense of smell.
3. Black Labrador Retrievers
4. Rottweiler
5. Doberman Pinschers
6. Airedale Terriers
7. Giant Schnauzers
8. Newfound Lands

24. Never hesitate to offer any help consistent with the purpose of law enforcement, because
patrol does not only mean protection but _______ as well.
a. corruption c. crime control
b. service d. immersion

25. Patrol officers are _________, hence their help in law enforcement is given the greatest
value.
a. generalists c. the show window of the police precinct
b. frontliners d. all of them is correct

26. Type of patrol which has been used in many countries as a simple and inexpensive means of
transportation to carry police officers throughout patrol districts. It has the advantage of stealth
and mobility.
a. Motorcycle Patrol c. Automobile Patrol
b. Foot Patrol d. Bicycle Patrol

ADVANTAGES OF BICYCLE PATROL

1. It has the advantage of mobility and stealth
2. Inexpensive to procure and maintain compare to other methods
3. It can cover areas not accessible by motorcycle or patrol cars
4. Biking is a good form of exercise to maintain excellent physique and good health
5. It is effective in combating theft, burglary, vandalism in residential areas, parks
and shopping malls
6. It can be effectively used by plainclothes officer while conducting surveillance

DISADVANTAGES OF BICYCLE PATROL

1. Inability to carry additional equipment
2. Apprehended criminals cannot be transported
3. Danger involved in driving

27. Which of the following is NOT considered critical time?

a. time between the commission of crime and the call to the police
b. time between the lifting of the receiver and the beginning of the actual message between the
caller and the desk officer

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c. time between the end of caller-police conversation and broadcast of the report by the radio
dispatcher to the specific car assigned to the scene
d. none of them

Basically, CRITICAL TIME pertains to a certain period in which a suspect could flee or
might be able to conceal his means of committing crime, contaminate or destroy
potential evidence at the crime scene to mislead investigation, kill or inflict violence to
other people to complete or fulfill his illegitimate end, commit further crimes, or any
other similar effects, and dying person, either victim of crime or not, could be saved.

Time between the commission of crime (example: murder) and discovery of the effects
(dead body), and the time between the dispatch of patrol officer / first responder at the
actual scene of the crime and his arrival could also be considered critical time.

CRITICAL TIME Also defined as the time between the call of concerned individual to
the police regarding crime incident and the arrival at the scene.

28. Once suspended, after due notice and summary hearing, a police officer, before leaving the
office or station where he is assigned will surrender his ___________ to his immediate
supervisor.
a. private firearm c. name plate and insignia
b. service firearm d. basic salary

29. Which of the following is the duty of a patrol officer as the First Responder at the crime
scene?
a. determine the nature of the crime committed and once identified either sensational or
significant, request assistance from the SOCO
b. release the crime scene by lifting up the cordon
c. upon assumption of responsibility, assist the SOCO team in identifying and collecting potential
evidence that might prove the guilt of the suspect in criminal proceeding
d. secure the area by cordoning it and allow no one to enter unless authorized

30. What is ideal police response time in the Philippines?

a. three (3) minutes c. ten (10) minutes
b. five (5) minutes d. fifteen (15) minutes

RESPONSE TIME refers to the running time of the dispatched patrol car from his
position where the assignment was received and the arrival at the scene.

31. An area containing two or more beats, routes, or posts.

a. Line Beat c. Sector
b. Post d. District

32. One of the concrete responses of the PNP in reinventing the field of investigation. Its
purpose is to provide the organizational and operational framework in truly effecting
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mechanisms towards enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the PNPs investigation
capability.
a. Detective Beat System c. WOLVES
b. Integrated Patrol System d. Investigative System

DISTINCTION BETWEEN POLICE BEAT AND DETECTIVE BEAT

1. Detective Beat (DB) is concerned with the crime solution angle while the Police Beat
(PB) has the primary role of crime prevention.
2. DB may be different from PB but the former compliments the latter in serving and
protecting the community
3. PB occupies a particular area of responsibility while the detectives have the primary
responsibility of first response in all cases reported for investigation purposes.

33. In Post-Deployment Phase, who shall properly dismiss the duty patrol officers after
conducting their accounting?
a. Desk Officer c. Dispatcher
b. Police Unit Commander d. Platoon Commander

DUTIES OF PATROL OFFICERS IN EVERY PATROL PHASE

Patrol Phase Patrol Personnel Duty

1. Platoon Commander a. Conduct inspection as to

the appearance and
completeness of individual
equipment.

b. Conduct a short troop

information and education
and disseminate instructions
A. Pre-Deployment or order.

Phase 2. Front Desk Officer a. Read assigned line beats. If

applicable, he may
disseminate information or
requirements that should be
monitored during their patrol
duty.

b. Make the report on the

higher headquarters on the
dispatch of the patrollers.

1. Duty Patrol Officer a. Report to the desk officer

and give the number and
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name of patrol members and

their location. They shall
likewise give their situation
B. Deployment report which shall be done
on an hour basis.
Phase
b. Adopt a buddy-buddy
system and keep in mind to
make a patrol plan and follow
the procedures.
c. Upon reaching the end of
their line beat, he shall make
a situation before returning
to their point of origin.

d. Report or record all

unusual incidents which
came to their attention in the
patrol sheet report.

1. Duty Patrol Officer a. Accomplish the daily

patrol report before being
released and discharged

b. Turnover to the Front Desk

Officer on duty all items
confiscated or recovered
C. Post-Deployment during their patrol duty.
Phase
2. Platoon Commander a. Dismiss patrol officers after
conducting an accounting of
personnel.

3. Police Unit Commander a. Collect the Daily Patrol

Report and submit the same
to the police headquarters
for consolidation and
reference.

34. Any person, place, thing, situation, or condition possessing high potential for criminal attack
or for creation of any other type of problem necessitating a demand for immediate police
service.
a. Police Hazard c. Attractive Nuisance
b. Police Haggard d. Unusual Occurrence

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HAZARD it refers to any person, place, thing, situation, or condition which, if allowed
to exist may induce an accident or cause a commission of crime.

POLICE HAZARD (SUPRA)

KINDS OF POLICE HAZARDS

1. Persons includes criminals, alcoholics, prostitutes, juvenile delinquents, drug
peddlers, addicts, gamblers, and insane persons.
2. Property includes piers, warehouse, unoccupied dwelling, gambling joints, banks,
pawnshops, drug dens, and gambling dens.
3. Places it includes terminals, venues of parades, conventions, demonstrations,
athletic events, and political meetings, prison and jail, and schools.
4. Situations conventions, political meetings, athletic events, feasts, parades,
demonstrations, etc.

ATTRACTIVE NUISANCE
The doctrine in tort law which holds that one who maintains a dangerous
instrumentality on his premises which is likely to attract children is under a duty
to reasonably protect those children against the dangers of attraction.

UNUSUAL OCCURRENCE (definition)

35. Which of the following is/are the common patrol practice particularly high crime areas?
a. stop, look, and listen c. stop, frisk and street interrogation
b. stop, monitor, and alert d. stop, tap down and apprehend

STREET INTERVIEW / INTERROGATION In this method, the patrol officers aggressively

investigate crimes that may have just occurred, are occurring, or are about to occur. It is
different from custodial interrogation therefore reciting Miranda Warning is NOT
applicable. This method is highly visible, a deterrent impact to would-be criminals.
Through this technique, person whose answers arouse suspicion of criminal involvement
gives the police a probable cause to arrest him.

36. Which of the following is a DISADVANTAGE of Canine Assisted Patrol?

a. provides protection for solo patrol
b. locating trapped people and concealed contrabands
c. they can be used in demonstrations, in public affairs , school, or parades
d. can be an asset in public relation efforts
e. creates feeling of fear on the part of the would-be troublemakers
f. dogs are territorial and its handler and cruiser are part of its territory

37. Feature of motorcycle patrol which makes it ideal in anti-bank robbery mission.
a. speed c. stealth
b. maneuverability d. maintenance

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ADVANTAGES OF MOTORCYCLE PATROL

1. High mobility especially in congested traffic
2. Quick response to emergency call

DISADVANTAGES OF MOTORCYCLE PATROL

1. Danger involved in riding causing a greater number of accidents.
2. Cannot be used when there is an inclement weather.
3. Relatively high cost to operate.
4. Inability to carry additional equipments
5. Rough driving affects the drivers health

38. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of One-Mobile Man Patrol?

a. preventive enforcement is doubled by having twice as many police cars on the street
b. personality clashes are reduced and avoided
c. promotes self-reliance and self-confidence
d. office who is alone devotes his full attention to driving and beat observation rather than
talking with his partner
e. mistake by one officer may be noticed and immediately corrected by his partner

ADVANTAGES OF ONE-MAN PATROL CAR

1. Having twice as many police cars in the street doubles the preventive enforcement.
2. When the officer is alone he devotes his attention to his driving and the beat rather
than to the conversation with partner.
3. A one man alone develops self-reliance.
4. Personality conflict is reduced

ADVANTAGES OF TWO-MAN PATROL CAR

1. Provides the officer with a greater safety factor by doubling the firepower and
physical protection.
2. Mistakes that one-man make may be caught by his partner and vice versa.
3. One officer does not have to drive a full eight hours, and he is therefore more rested
and can do a better job.
4. Two pairs of eyes are better than one.
5. On the quiet night, driver can have someone to talk to and help keep him awake.

39. In case of traffic rule violations, citation must be issued within how many minutes?
a. two (2) minutes c. five (5) minutes
b. three (3) minutes d. ten (10) minutes

40. Report containing the observation of the duty patrol officer that must be made upon
reaching the end of his line beat before returning to his point of origin.
a. daily record of event c. situation report
b. patrol report sheet d. incident report

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41. The law that marks the beginning of the curfew hours, which demanded the closing of the
gates in London during sundown.
a. Statute of 1295 c. Magna Carta Law
b. Commonwealth Act No. 1 d. Writ of Habeas Corpus

42. Part of preparations for patrol operation which involves familiarization of assigned area for
patrolling upon arrival at the field.
a. General Preparation c. Vehicle Inspection e. District Orientation Tour
b. Pre-Patrol Preparation d. In-Field Preparation

43. Headed by a Police Commissioned Officer with a rank of Chief Inspector to Superintendent
with a minimum thirty (30) personnel including the commander divided in three (3) shifts of
eight (8) hours duty.
a. Station Desk c. Command Post
b. Police Community Precinct d. Coordinating Center

44. Integrated Patrol System provides a SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP between the police and
community, which would eventually draw the active support and cooperation of populace. This
is further emphasized by the acronym P.A.T.R.O.L. which means
a. Policemen, Assigned, To, Reinforce, Order in the Locality
b. Patrollers, Assigned, Tasked, and Reinforced, On, Law Enforcement
c. Policeman, Administered, and Trained to Reinforce, Ordinance, in the Locale
d. Policemen, Addressing, Tasks, Related to Order maintenance, and Law enforcement

45. The following are the duties of Platoon Commander prior and subsequent to the
deployment of duty patrol officers of the day.
a. dismisses the patrol officers after accounting
b. accounts personnel upon completion of their patrol duties
c. collects Daily Patrol Report for consolidation and reference
d. inspects the appearance and completeness of uniform and individual equipments
e. disseminate orders and instructions prior to the actual dispatch of duty patrol officers

46. System used by the Metro Manila Development Authority through the use of smart close
circuit television (CCTV) equipped with zoom lens to clearly identify the type and plate number
of vehicles and recognize the identity of involved parties in a vehicular accident.
a. Smart Traffic System c. Solar System
b. Engineered CCTV Operation System (ECO System)d. Hermes System

47. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Foot Patrol?

a. ideal in establishing rapport with the members of the community
b. foot patrol can sneak up on situation where a patrol car is easily noticed when it approaches
c. can enter small alleys and side streets
d. covers wide area

FOOT PATROL
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Commonly used in areas of crowded population or where there is heavy traffic

congestion and assistance of an officer is needed to eliminate traffic jam. Also, it is the
most expensive type of patrol in terms of human resources and most departments had
reduced their foot patrols to minimum due to this.

TYPES OF FOOT PATROL

1. Fixed Foot Patrol usually used for traffic, surveillance, parades, and special events.

2. Moving Patrol used when there is considerable foot movement such as business
and shopping center, family dwellings, and the like.

a. Line Beat Patrol used in securing certain portion of road.

b. Random Foot Patrol used in checking residential buildings, business
establishments dark areas and parking lots.

ADVANTAGES OF FOOT PATROL

1. Patrol officers can enter small alleys and side streets.
2. Provides closer observation of persons and things.
3. Foot patrolman can provide immediate traffic control when it is needed.
4. Officer can actually get to know the physical layout of his beat better.
5. Maintains better personal contact with citizens and develops community relations.
6. By the use of a two-way radio, the officer can maintain communications with the
department and the mobile unit
7. A foot officer can sneak up on situation, where a patrol car is easily noticed when it
approaches.

DISADVANTAGES OF FOOT PATROL

1. Slow response time
2. Low mobility
3. Cannot be employed during inclement weather
4. Requires huge amount of personnel

48. The following are the disadvantages of Automobile Patrol, EXCEPT

a. suspicious persons may go unnoticed
b. separates public from the police officers
c. neglects to make routine security checks
d. establishes healthy police-community relations

AUTOMOBILE PATROL the most economical and extensively used type of patrol and
offers tactical ability when used in numbers. The most effective means of transportation
for police patrol.

ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMOBILE PATROL

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1. Where speed and mobility is needed such as in large area that must be covered by
few officers, the speed of the automobile allow them to service the whole area and
do so efficiently.
2. One of the best means of preventive enforcement.
3. Offers protection to officers.
4. Permits the officer to carry extra equipment.
5. Patrol car allows the police officer to have a partner when needed, and transport
one or several dogs on patrol and emergency ambulance during disaster.
6. Patrol cars can be used as barricades in roadblocks, and they offer a high degree of
safety during high-speed pursuits.
7. Provides constant availability to public calls.

DISADVANTAGES OF AUTOMOBILE PATROL

1. It separates the public from the police.
2. Suspicious persons may go unnoticed.
3. Neglect to make routine security checks.
4. Slows down apprehension and surveillance operations.

49. Call which requires the use of flashing lights and sirens except when there is an attempt to
surprise the criminals in the act.
a. Emergency Call c. Urgent Call
b. Routine Call d. Response Call

CALLS ENCOUNTERED BY AUTOMOBILE PATROL

1. Routine Call call where mobile car is required to observe the traffic laws and does
not normally use flashing lights and siren while on its way to the scene of the crime.

2. Urgent Call the responding patrol car has to observe the traffic laws without need
of using flashing lights and siren but proceed directly to its destination without
stopping en route unless incident of far more serious occurs.

3. Emergency Call requires the use of flashing lights and siren except when there is an
attempt to surprise the criminals in the act.

50. Which of the following is NOT a type of police patrol?

a. Foot Patrol c. Automobile Patrol
b. Canine Assisted Patrol d. TV Patrol

51. Quite different from traditional patrol methods in that the strategy is to rely on disguise,
deception, and lying in wait rather than high and low visibility patrols technique.
a. Plainclothes Patrol c. Proactive Patrol
b. Undercover / Decoy Patrol d. Sector Patrol

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DECOY PATROL is performed by a group of highly trained specialist rather than regular
patrol personnel. These specialists may operate under the supervision of the patrol
supervisor or may entirely operate independent patrol force.

Primary Purpose of Decoy Patrol: detection and interception of crime.

Secondary Purpose of Decoy Patrol: prevention of crime.

52. Location where the search, which is duly authorized by the PNP, is conducted to deter /
prevent the commission of crimes, enforce the law, and for other legitimate purposes.
a. Hasty Checkpoint c. Command Coordination Centre
b. Police Checkpoint d. Police Box

HASTY CHECKPOINT immediate response to block the escape of lawless elements from
a crime scene, and is also established when nearby checkpoints are ignored or during
hot pursuit operations.

HOT PURSUIT (CROSS-JURISDICTIONAL PURSUIT / FRESH PURSUIT) immediate, recent

chase or follow-up without material interval for the purpose of taking into custody any
person wanted by virtue of a warrant.

HIGH-RISK STOP actual stopping or accosting of armed and dangerous person or

persons, aboard a vehicle or on foot, including the power to use all necessary and legal
means to accomplish such end.

HIGH-RISK ARREST actual restraint of armed persons following a high-risk stop.

PREDETERMINED AREA specific or projected spot where the armed and dangerous
person or persons would pass or likely to pass and so tactically located as to gain
calculated advantage against said person or persons.

STOPPING ZONE strategic predetermined area strongly sealed off, barricaded and
occupied by tactical forces in a lawful display of authority to maintain law and order or in
defensive response to an event of criminal nature or of such gravity that occurred or
likely to occur calling for high risk stop or arrest.

53. What should be done if the external patting of the suspects clothing fails to disclose
evidence of weapon?
a. procure a search warrant immediately
b. force him to show his pocket
c. arrest him for resistance of order
d. release him

It is a rule in Pat-Down Search that if the external patting of the suspects clothing fails
to disclose evidence of a weapon, no further search may be made. Conducted by at
least two (2) officers.
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54. Functions that carry out the major purposes of organization, delivering the services and
dealing directly with the public.
a. Primary or Line Functions c. Auxiliary Functions
b. Staff or Administrative Functions d. Functional or Support Functions

FUNCTIONS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION

1. Primary or Line Functions (defined in the above question) examples are patrol
officers, traffic enforcers and criminal investigators.

2. Staff or Administrative Functions functions that are designed to support the line
functions. Examples are personnel, finance, planning, and training.
3. Auxiliary Functions functions involving the logistical operations of the
organization. Examples are communication, maintenance, records management,
supplies and equipment management.

55. Act No. 183, the law which created the. . .

a. Integrated National Police c. Manila Police Department
b. Insular Police Force d. Philippine National Police Academy

56. When driving with partner the driving officer must cover 100% of his vision in front and
passenger officer must cover _______ than the former.
a. twice more c. triple more
b. half lesser d. quarter lesser

57. Organic units that perform patrol operations, traffic management, investigation and vice
control.
a. operational units c. major units
b. administrative units d. service units

ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION

1. Operational Units those that perform primary or line functions such as patrol,
investigation, traffic management and vice control.

2. Administrative Units those that perform administrative functions. Example of

which are personnel, finance, planning, and training.

3. Service Units those that perform auxiliary functions examples are communication,
records management, and the like.

58. Functional groups within a section where further specialization is needed.

a. nuclei c. divisions
b. units d. bureaus

FUNCTIONAL UNITS

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1. Bureau largest functional organic unit within a large department. Example, PNP
under the DILG, and NBI under the DOJ.

2. Division it is the primary subdivision of bureau.

3. Section functional unit within a particular division. This is necessary for

specialization.

4. Units (defined above)

59. Organizational feature of team policing which aims to encourage consistency and continuity
of police policies and procedures and to provide greater uniformity in developing solutions to
community problems.
a. low level flexibility in decision making c. unified delivery of service
b. combined investigation and patrol function d. unity of supervision

ORGANIZATIONAL FEATURES OF TEAM POLICING

1. Unity of Supervision (SUPRA)
2. Low Level Flexibility in Decision Making members are encouraged to share and
exchange ideas and work together in solving problems within their area of
responsibility.
3. Combined Investigation and Patrol Function it is intended to unify the
investigators and patrol officers to a more competent and cooperative approach to
crime solving.
4. Unified Delivery of Service its importance is to develop every member on all skills
rather than focusing on single skill only.

In Team Policing, team of five (5) to ten (10) men is assigned according to concentration
of crimes and citizens-calls for police assistance

60. In NCR, 1st digit of Patrol Beats refers to the numerical value assigned to. . .
a. District c. Police Community Precinct
b. Municipality / City within the district d. Beat

PATROL BEATS IDENTIFICATION FOR NCR Identifiable by five (5) digit number
1. First Digit refers to the numerical value assigned to district.

2. Second Digit refers to the number assigned to each of the municipality / city within
the district.

3. Third Digit refers to the number assigned to the particular PCP.

4. Fourth and Fifth Digits refer to the number assigned to particular beat.

PATROL BEATS IDENTIFICATION FOR REGIONS identifiable by a seven (7) digit number.
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1. 1st and 2nd Digits refer to number of region.

2. 3rd Digit refers to a number assigned to a particular province within the region.
3. 4th Digit refers to a number assigned to municipality or city.
4. 5th Digit refers to the PCPs.
5. 6th and 7th Digits refer to the particular beat.

THE OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES IN THE CONDUCT OF BEAT PATROL

1. PRE-DEPLOYMENT PHASE
a. The members of the patrol team shall form and assemble at the police unit
Headquarters at least thirty (30) minutes before the start of their shift for their
accounting.

b. Platoon Commanders shall conduct inspection as to appearance and completeness of

individual equipment.

c. After the inspection, the Platoon Commanders shall conduct a short troop information
and education, and disseminate instruction/order.

d. The Front Desk Officer shall then read their assigned line beats. He may, if applicable,
disseminate information / requirements that should be monitored during their patrol
duty.

e. The Front Desk Officer shall make the report on the higher Headquarters on the
dispatch of the patrollers.

2. DEPLOYMENT PHASE
a. Upon arrival at their beats, patrol officers shall report to the desk officer and give the
number and name of patrol members and their location. They shall likewise give their
situation report which shall be done on an hour basis.

b. While on patrol, the patrol officers shall adopt the buddy-buddy system keeping in
mind to make a patrol plan and follow the procedures.

c. Upon reaching the end of his line beat, the patrol officer shall make a situation report
before returning to their point of origin.

d. All unusual incidents which came to their attention must be reported or recorded in
the patrol sheet report.

3. POST DEPLOYMENT PHASE

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a. After the tour of duty, patrol officers shall return to their Patrol Unit Headquarters and
surrender the team equipments.

b. Patrol officers shall likewise accomplish the Daily Patrol Report before being released
and discharged.

c. Patrol officers shall turnover to the Front Desk Officer On-Duty all items confiscated /
recovered during their patrol duty.

d. Their Platoon Commanders shall then properly dismiss them after conducting an
accounting of personnel.

e. Police Unit Commander shall collect the Daily Patrol Report and submit the same to
the police Headquarters for consolidation and reference.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE DISTRIBUTION OF PATROL FORCES

1. Chronological Distribution it involves consideration of the nature and causes of crime. They
should familiarize how crimes are committed, when and who committed them.
Crime Clock it signifies what crime is often or frequently committed.
Crime Map location or place, or crime-prone areas wherein crime is frequently
or often committed.

2. Geographical Distribution it involves weighing categories of incidents and accounting the

number of identifiable hazards and street mileage.

3. Walking Beats involves determining man hours needed to cover the streets and alleys to
inspect the police hazards that would prevail within the AOR.

4. Motor Patrol Distribution involves determining the need to shift motor patrol units hour-
by-hour at the area according to where and when crime most likely to occur.

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MOCK BOARD EXAMINATION

LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION (LEA-III)

POLICE PATROL OPERATIONS

Instruction: ENCIRCLE the letter of the BEST answer

----------------------------------------------------------------

1. The arrest of X, a member of a group of gunmen, turned into a

violent encounter. Two officers were shot by the armed group
resulting to their instantaneous death. Due to this, the team
leader of the arresting team, Inspector Kalmado ordered retreat
to avoid additional casualties. However, another team leader of
the arresting team and the father of the two officers who were
shot, SPOIV Awayero, ordered to, by hook or by crook, arrest the
members of the violent group. Half of the arresting team
retreated, while the other half remained and died. Mission
failed. What principle of the organization was not carried out
properly?
a. Chain of Command c. Command Responsibility
b. Unity of Command d. Simplicity

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2. The following are the functions of the administrative unit of

the PNP, EXCEPT
a. finance c. planning
b. personnel d. investigation

3. When it comes to speed in searching a building, what is

capacity ratio between the dog-to-police officer?
a. one (1) is to four (4) c. one (1) is to twenty-one (21)
b. one (1) is to seven (7) d. one (1) is to twenty-eight (28)

4. Patrol pattern which is conducted not in random but with

definite target location.
a. Clockwise Pattern c. Freewheeling Pattern
b. Straightway Pattern d. Counter-Clockwise Pattern

5. What system should be adopted by the deployed officers in

conducting patrol within their beats?
a. Hermes System c. Buddy-Buddy System
b. Community Oriented Policing System d. Solar System

6. On what phase does the duty patrol officer accomplish his

Daily Patrol Report?
a. Pre-Deployment Phase c. Post-Deployment Phase
b. Deployment Phase d. Formation Phase

7. Refers to the actual restraint of armed person or group

following a high-risk stop.
a. arrest c. criminal apprehension
b. criminal arrest d. high-risk arrest

8. Any person, place, thing, situation or condition which, if

allowed to exist may induce an accident or cause the commission
of crime.
a. Hazard c. Threat
b. Risk d. Police Hazard

9. In principle of Command Responsibility, all mistakes of

subordinates are accountable to . . .
a. their superior officers c. their buddies
b. themselves d. their deed

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