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777 727 UHV

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227 207 HV
132 130 HV
66 5227 HV
33 36 MV
22 20 MV
11 12 MV
626 522 MV
323 326 MV

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Typical example
Rating Current: 3200Amp.
System:415Vac, TPN, 50Hz.
Fault Level: 50KA. For 1 Sec.
Operation Temp:40 C rise over 45 C ambient.

CONSIDERATION
Enclosure size: 1400 mm. wide X 400mm. height
Bus bar Size: 2:200x10 per Ph., 1:200x10 for Neutral.
)Bus bar material: Electrolytic gr. Al. (IS 63401/AA6101

Short Circuit Rating

-upto 400A rated current: 25KA for 1 sec.
-600 to 1000A rated current: 50KA for 1 sec.
-1250 to 2000A rated current: 65-100KA for 1 sec.
-2500 to 5000A rated current: 100-225KA for 1 sec.

The minimum cross section needed in sqmm for busbar in various common cases can
be listed as below-

Material Fault level Withstand time

)(KA
1 sec. 200 msec. 40 ms. 10 ms.
35 443 198 89 44
Aluminium 50 633 283 127 63
65 823 368 165 82

35 285 127 57 28
Copper 50 407 182 81 41
65 528 236 106 53

Let us select a busbar with an example:

1) Aluminium busbar for 2000A, 35 kA for 1 sec withstand From the table the
minimum cross-section needed would be 443 mm2. Thus we can select a 100mm x
5mm busbar as the minimum cross-section. Considering a current density of 1A/ mm2
by considering temperature as well as skin effect, we shall require 4 x 100mm x 5mm
busbars for this case.

2) Copper busbar for 2000A, 35 kA for 1 sec withstand From the table the
minimum cross-section needed would be 285 mm2. Thus we can select a 60mm x
5mm busbar as the minimum cross-section. Considering a current density of 1.6A/
mm2 by considering temperature as well as skin effect, we shall require 4 x 60mm x
5mm busbars for this case.

Thus, by using the above formula and table, we can easily select busbars for our
switchboards.
Size in Area Weight/ current carrying capacity in amp ( copper ) at 35
mm sqmm km deg.C
AC ( no. of bus) DC ( no. of bus)
I II III II II I II III II II
12X2 24 0.209 110 200 115 205
15X2 30 0.262 140 200 145 245
15X3 75 0.396 170 300 175 305
20X2 40 0.351 185 315 190 325
20X3 60 0.529 220 380 225 390
20X5 100 0.882 295 500 300 510
25X3 75 0.663 270 460 275 470
25X5 125 1.11 350 600 355 610
30X3 90 0.796 315 540 320 560
30X5 150 1.33 400 700 410 720
40X3 120 1.06 420 710 430 740
40X5 200 1.77 520 900 530 930
40X10 400 3.55 760 1350 1850 2500 770 1400 2000
50X5 250 2.22 630 1100 1650 2100 650 1150 1750
50X10 500 4.44 920 1600 2250 3000 960 1700 2500
60X5 300 2.66 760 1250 1760 2400 780 1300 1900 2500
60X10 600 5.33 1060 1900 2600 3500 1100 2000 2800 3600
80X5 400 3.55 970 1700 2300 3000 1000 1800 2500 3200
80X10 800 7.11 1380 2300 3100 4200 1450 2600 3700 4800
100X5 500 4.44 1200 2050 2850 3500 1250 2250 3150 4050
100X10 1000 8.89 1700 2800 3650 5000 1800 3200 4500 5800
120X10 1200 10.7 2000 3100 4100 5700 2150 3700 5200 6700
160X10 1600 14.2 2500 3900 5300 7300 2800 4800 6900 9000
200X10 2000 17.8 3000 4750 6350 8800 3400 6000 8500 10000

1

T = K (I/A) 2 (1+) 10-2
T=temperature rise per second
A= conductor cross section area
= temperature coefficient of resistivity at 20 deg.C/deg.C
= 0 .00393 for copper
= 0 .00386 for aluminium
K = constant
=0.52 for copper
=1.166 for aluminium
= temperature of the conductor at the instant at which the temperature rise is being
calculated.

Typical calculation

Rated current = 1000A

Fault current = 50KA for 1 sec
Permissible temperature rise= 40 deg.C
Busbar material =aluminium ally E91E
De-rating factor due to material =1
De-rating factor due to temperature rise =0.86
De-rating factor due to enclosure =0.75
Total de-rating factor = 1x0.75x0.86=0.66
Minimum cross section area required to withstand short circuit for 1 sec.
= (Ifc xt )/0.08
Where, Ifc = fault level current in KA
t= 1 second
Area A = (50x1 )/0.08 = 625 sqmm
Considering all de-rating factor, A = 625/0.66 =946.97
Say, cross sectional area per phase = 1000 sqmm
For neutral, cross sectional area per phase = 500 sqmm

Example: Calculate Size of Bus bar having Following Details

Bus bar Current Details:

Rated Voltage = 415V,50Hz ,
Desire Maximum Current Rating of Bus bar =630Amp.
Fault Current (Isc)= 50KA ,Fault Duration (t) =1sec.
Bus bar Temperature details:
Operating Temperature of Bus bar ()=85C.
Final Temperature of Bus bar during Fault(1)=185C.
Temperature rise of Bus Bar Bar during Fault (t=1-)=100C.
Ambient Temperature (n) =50C.
Maximum Bus Bar Temperature Rise=55C.
Enclosure Details:
Installation of Panel= Indoors (well Ventilated)
Altitude of Panel Installation on Site= 2000 Meter
 Panel Length= 1200 mm ,Panel width= 600 mm, Panel Height= 2400 mm
Bus bar Details:
Bus bar Material= Copper
Bus bar Strip Arrangements= Vertical
Current Density of Bus Bar Material=1.6
Temperature Co efficient of Material Resistance at 20c(20)= 0.00403
Material Constant(K)= 1.166
Bus bar Material Permissible Strength=1200 kg/cm2
Bus bar Insulating Material= Bare
Bus bar Position= Edge-mounted bars
Bus bar Installation Media= Non-ventilated ducting
Bus bar Artificial Ventilation Scheme= without artificial ventilation
Bus bar Size Details:
Bus bar Width(e)= 75 mm
Bus bar Thickness(s)= 10 mm
Number of Bus Bar per Phase(n)= 2 No
Bus bar Length per Phase(a)= 500 mm
Distance between Two Bus Strip per Phase(e)= 75 mm
Bus bar Phase Spacing (p)= 400 mm
Total No of Circuit= 3 No.
Bus bar Support Insulator Detail:
Distance between insulators on Same Phase(l)= 500 mm
Insulator Height (H)= 100 mm
Distance from the head of the insulator to the bus bar center of gravity (h)= 5
mm
Permissible Strength of Insulator (F)=1000 Kg/cm2

(1) De rating Factors for Bus bar:

(1) Per Phase Bus Strip De rating Factor (K1):

Bus bar Width(e) is 75mm and Bus bar Length per Phase(a) is 500mm so e/a
is 75/500=0.15
No of Bus bar per phase is 2 Nos.
From following table value of de rating factor is 1.83

Number of Bus Bar Strip per Phase (K1)

No of Bus Bar per Phase
e/a
1 2 3
0.05 1 1.63 2.4
0.06 1 1.73 2.45
0.08 1 1.76 2.5
0.1 1 1.8 2.55
0.12 1 1.83 2.6
0.14 1 1.85 2.63
0.16 1 1.87 2.65
0.18 1 1.89 2.68
0.2 1 1.91 2.7

(2) Bus bar Insulating Material De rating Factor (K2)

Bus bar having No insulating material. It is Bare so following Table
De rating Factor is 1.

Bus Bar Insulating Material (K2): De rating Factor

Bare 1
PVC Sleeving 1.2
Painted 1.5

(3) Bus bar Position De rating Factor (K3)

Bus bar Position is Edge-mounted bars so following Table
De rating Factor is 1

Bus Bar Position(K3): De rating Factor

Edge-mounted bars 1
1 bar base-mounted 0.95
several base-mounted bars 0.75

(4) Bus bar Installation Media De rating Factor (K4)

Bus bar Installation Media is Non-ventilated ducting so following Table
De rating Factor is 0.8

Bus Bar Installation Media(K4): De rating Factor

Calm indoor atmosphere 1
Calm outdoor atmosphere 1.2
Non-ventilated ducting 0.8

(5) Bus bar Artificial Ventilation De rating Factor (K5)

Bus bar Installation Media is Non-ventilated ducting so following Table
De rating Factor is 0.9

Bus Bar Artificial Ventilation Scheme De rating

(K5): Factor
without artificial ventilation 0.9
with artificial ventilation 1
 (6) Enclosure & Ventilation De rating Factor (K6)
Bus bar Area per Phase = Bus width X Bus Thickness X Length of Bus X No
of Bus bar per Phase
Bus bar Area per Phase = 75x10xX500X2= 750000mm
Total Bus bar Area for Enclosure= No of Circuit X( No of Phase + Neutral )X
Bus bar Area per Phase
Here we used Size of Neutral Bus is equal to Size of Phase Bus
Total Bus bar Area for Enclosure=3X(3+1)X750000mm
Total Bus bar Area for Enclosure=9000000 Sq.mm
Total Enclosure Area= width X Height X Length
Total Enclosure Area=1200x600x2400=1728000000 Sq.mm
Total Bus bar Area for Enclosure / Total Enclosure Area
=9000000/1728000000
Total Bus bar Area for Enclosure / Total Enclosure Area=0.53%
Bus bar Artificial Ventilation Scheme is without artificial ventilation so
following Table
De rating Factor is 0.95

Volume of Enclosure & Ventilation De rating Factor (K6)

cross Section area of Bus Indoors ( Panel is Indoors ( Panel is
Outdoor
bar/Total Bus Bar Area well Ventilated) Poorly Ventilated)
0% 0.95 0.85 0.65
1% 0.95 0.85 0.65
5% 0.9 0.7 0.6
10% 0.85 0.65 0.5

(7) Proxy Effect De rating Factor (K7)

Bus bar Phase Spacing (p) is 400mm.
Bus bar Width (e) is 75mm and Space between each bus of Phase is 75mm so
Total Bus length of Phase with spacing (w) =75+75+75+75+75=225mm
Bus bar Phase Spacing (p) / Total Bus length of Phase with spacing (w) = 400
/ 225 =2
From following Table De rating factor is 0.82

De rating
Proxy Effect (K7):
Factor
1 0.82
2 0.82
3 0.82
4 0.89
5 0.95
6 0.99
7 1
 (8) Altitude of Bus Bar installation De rating Factor (K8)
Altitude of Panel Installation on Site is 2000 meter so following Table
De rating Factor is 0.88

Altitude of installation site (Meter) (K8) De rating Factor

2200 0.88
2400 0.87
2500 0.86
2700 0.85
2900 0.84
3000 0.83
3300 0.82
3500 0.81
4000 0.78
4500 0.76
5000 0.74

Total De rating Factor= K1XK2XK3Xk4Xk5Xk6Xk7Xk8

Total De rating Factor =1.83x1x1x0.80.90.950.820.88
Total De rating Factor =0.90

(2) Bus bar Size Calculation:

Desire Current Rating of Bus bar (I2) =630 Amp
Current Rating of Bus bar after De rating Factor (I1)= I2 X De rating Factor or
I2 / De rating Factor
Current Rating of Bus bar after De rating Factor (I1)=6300.9
Current Rating of Bus bar after De rating Factor (I1)=697Amp
Bus bar Cross Section Area as per Current= Current Rating of Bus bar /
Current Density of Material
Bus bar Cross Section Area as per Current= 697 / 1.6
Bus bar Cross Section Area as per Current= 436 Sq.mm
Bus bar Cross Section Area as per Short Circuit= Isc X ((K/( tx100)x(1+
20x) xt
Bus bar Cross Section Area as per Short Circuit= 50000X ((1.166/(
100100)x(1+ 0.0040385) x1
Bus bar Cross Section Area as per Short Circuit=626 Sq.mm
Select Higher Size for Bus bar Cross section area between 436 Sq.mm and
626 Sq.mm
Final Calculated Bus Bar Cross Section Area =626 Sq.mm
Actual Selected Bus bar size is 7510=750 Sq.mm
We have select 2 Nos of Bus bar per Phase hence.
Actual Bus bar cross section Area per Phase =7502= 1500 Sq.mm
Actual Cross Section Area of Bus bar =1500 Sq.mm
Actual Bus bar Size is Less than calculated Bus bar size.
(3) Forces generated on Bus Bar due to Short Circuit Current
Peak electro-magnetic forces between phase conductors (F1) =
2X(l/d)X(2.5xIsc)2/100000000
Total width of Bus bar per Phase(w)=75+75+75=225mm =2.25cm
Bus bar Phase to Phase Distance (d)=400+225=625mm=6.25cm
Peak electro-magnetic forces between phase conductors (F1)
=2x(50/63)x(2.550000)2/100000000
Peak electro-magnetic forces between phase conductors (F1)=250 Kg /cm2
Peak electro-magnetic forces between phase conductors (F1)=2.5 Kg /mm2
Actual Forces at the head of the Supports or Bus Bar (F)=F1X(H+h/H)
Actual Forces at the head of the Supports or Bus Bar (F)=2.5x(100+5/100)
Actual Forces at the head of the Supports or Bus Bar (F)= 3 Kg /mm2
Permissible Strength of Insulator (F) is 10 Kg/mm2
Actual Forces at the head of the Supports or Bus Bar is less than
Permissible Strength
Forces on Insulation is in within Limits

(4) Mechanical strength of the bus bars

Mechanical strength of the bus bars=(F1X i /12)x(1/ Modulus of inertia of a
bus bar )

Value of Modulus of inertia of a bus bar or of a set of bus bars (i/v)

No of Bus Strip per Phase Vertical Bus Bar (cm3) Horizontal Bus Bar (cm3)
1 1.66 16.66
2 14.45 33.33
3 33 50

From above table Value of Modulus of inertia of a bus bar=14.45

Mechanical strength of the bus bars=(25050/12)X(1/14.45)
Mechanical strength of the bus bars= 72 Kg/cm2
Mechanical strength of the bus bars= 0.72 Kg/mm2
Permissible Bus bar Strength is 12 Kg/mm2
Actual Mechanical Strength is less than Permissible Strength
Mechanical strength of Bus bar is in within Limit

(5) Temperature Rise Calculation

Specified Maximum Temperature Rise (T1) is 35c

Calculated Maximum Temperature Rise (T2)=T/(log(I1/I2)1.64)
Calculated Maximum Temperature Rise (T2)=35/(Log(697/630)1.64)
Calculated Maximum Temperature Rise (T2)= 30c
Calculated Bus bar Temperature rise is less than Specified Max
Temperature rise
Temperature Rise is in within Limit
Results:

Size of Bus bar = 2Nos 75x10mm per Phase.

Total No of Feeder =3 Nos
Total Nos of Bus bar = 6 Nos 75x10mm for Phase and 1Nos 75x10mm
for Neutral.
Forces at the head of the Supports or Bus Bar (F)= 3kg/mm2
Mechanical strength of the bus bars= 0.7 Kg/mm2
Maximum Temperature Rise=30c

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232.0
= /
%2.22 = 155*5.5222 =11555 /232.0 = %




233/11555 %0
%0
%0
= 335 = 155/ 3 * 11555

10670 = 330 11000 = V2
335


0% 1555
6% 155 2055
0% 2055 0555
2% 0555 0555
3% 0555 12555
15% 12555 35555
12.0% 35555

11 / 33

%6.2 022.0 11 262.0 33 10

33
= * = 2.220 = 5.562 * 33
2220
262.0
= /
= 2.06 = 262.0/ 2220
210
23.2

33
 %6.2 %6.0
%5.1

-3 :

 15
15
ONAN
O .
N .
A .
N .

ONAN 1
ONAF 2
OFAF 3
ODWF 2
( ) AN 0
( . AF 6

- 0 ( ) Ir

1555 5.233/11
 -7 () Vector Group Connection

35
35
35
365 12 35 35
12
11 335=35*11

-( (Dyn11
335
11 VG
Dyn11
D
.
y
.
n .
( ) 11 0 1 5
35
()335= 35*11 ( ) 105= 35*0 ( )35 = 35*1( ) 5 = 35*5

1 2 3 35 35
 65 35 11 335
35

( /) ( /)
1 35

( / ) ( /)
6 125
( / ) ( /)

Yd1
Yd11 Dy1
Dy11 Ynyn0 - Dyn1
Yz1 H Yz11

Yy0 - Dd0 - Dz0 - Zd0 5
Yy6 Dd6 Zd6 Dz6 125
Dy1 Yd1 Yz1 Zy1 ( 35 -)
Dy11 Yd11 Yz11 Zy11 ( 35 +)

 -
305 11
205 6.6
(BIL) Impulse level

.
Basic insulation level, kV
)(standard 1.5- 40-s wave

 .



.
( ) Traveling Waves
.
( . ) Natural frequency
IEC IEEE

HV Power- Lightning Highest Power- )(BIL

Frequenc )Impulse (BIL Voltage Frequency KVpeak
NV KVrms KVpeak KVrms KVrms

3.6 3.3 10 20/40 2.4 15 45

7.2 6.6 20 40/60 5 19 60

12 - 11 28 60/75 8.7 26 75

17.5 15.5 38 75/95 15 34 95/110

24 - 22 50 95/125 25 40/50 125/150

36 - 33 70 145/170 34.5 70 200

72.5 - 66 140 325 69 140 350

145 - 132 230/275 550/650 138 275 650

245 - 220 360/460 850/1050 230 395/460 900/1050

420 - 400 510/630 1175/1425 345 1300 1300

- 1 ()


3


= * 3
= /

- 2



=
= /

VP = VL 3 VL = 3 VP IP = IL IL = IP
VP = VL VL = VP IP = IL 3 IL = 3 IP

-3 / :


:
( ) .

() .
() .

:

-1 .

() .

() .

-0 / :


:
( ) .
() ( ) .

() .
:



N
-3 /

:
( ) .
() .
:
() .
() .
-7 / :
 .

:
( ) .
() .
() .
() .
()

-6 :


/ .

210
/ 210
 / = 233.6 = 3 /210
/ = 233.6 = 3 /210
/ = 210

:
A,B,C
a, b ,c .n
.




.






.




.


:

.
12 11
25 22 5.0







-1
:

1
233

-2



12
11 25 22
( )
( ) ( )
5.0

( 5.0)

.

. .
:
- 1

.
2

.
- 3



( - )

( -
- - ) :
 -A
-1
-2
-3
-2
- B
-1
-2
-3
-2




-A 7
0


.
-1
-2
 -B 7
0 :
-1 11
A HRC
B +
-2 017
A MJNH
A ACB MCCB


0
0
. .
11

-A

-B
 -1
-A Expulsion fuses

.

.
.

 -B ()HRC
( )RMU

11

210 .
1555

- 1 HRC
=( / * 1.2 * ) 3
I=(KVA/1.73*KV ( *1.2 =1000/(1.73*11) =52.5A
ICB=52.5*1.2=63A

11KV
50 10
 100 16
500 31.4
1000 45-63
1500 .7-100

-A

635 255

-B

635 255
ACB MCCB
 0.433 /11
1555
5.233
I=(KVA/1.73*KV)*1.2=1000/(1.73*0.433) = 1334 A
ICB = 1334*1.2=1600A

077 MCCB 250KVA
.77 MCCB 500KVA
1677ACB 1000KVA
2777 ACB 1500KVA

1777
11
=( / * 1.2 * ) 3
= 02.2=11*1.03/1055* 35=1.2
033
=( / * 1.2 * ) 3
= 2555=5.233*1.03/1055* 2255=1.2
777
11
=( / * 1.2 * ) 3
= 26=11*1.03/055* 31.0=1.2
033
=( / * 1.2 * ) 3
= 666=5.233*1.03/055* 255=1.2

055
= * ()5.2
= 255= 5.2*055
%25
325 = 5.2 * 255 =%25

1.0 155
103.2 = 1.032* 155


%.7 1 327 777 777 377
%.7 1 607 1777 1777 677
%.7 1 567 1777 1777 577
%.7 2 607 2777 1777 1277
%.7 3 607 07777 1777 2677
%.7 2 567 0777 1777 2677

055 355 055

1555 655 1555
3555 2055 3 1555
1055
11KV/433V
kva HV LV
777 11KV 2627 3*35mm2 XLPE 433V 66626 4*1*630mm2
XLPE
1777 11KV 7227 3*35mm2 XLPE 433V 1333 7*1*630mm2
XLPE
1777 11KV 5.27 3*95mm2 XLPE 433V 2777 11*1*630mm2
XLPE

4*1*630mm2 XLPE
2 635
xlpe

-1

Copper
loss

%35



 -2




2
-A ()I R

%2-1
( Critical
) Saturation point
.
-B -:




Xm

-C








277 32677 727
777 52177 12757
1777 122277 12.17
1777 162777 22067

**Parallel Operation:






12

10

10






2
16


- 1 2

33
11
- 2 ( 2 Z% ) Impedance Voltage %




X/R


Z R X Z%

00 R%
percentage impedance check
325
X%
X%= applied voltage*rated current\ rated voltage *measured current
155 ( ) Z= R2 + X2 R

3
05
0 -:



 .
.



%5.0
3
3

7 -:

.

.

Sr.No
1 or Yy
2 Yy Yy or
3 y y or Y
4 Y Y or y

Sr.No
1 y
2 y
3 Y Yy
4 Yy Y

-6 ( )


125
 125

125

 -5

.
-1 () efficiency

-2 ( ) availability

-3 ( )reliability

-2 ( ) flexibility


-1
-2
-3
-2


















= /

= ([ -1 / )(+ / )]

055
2055
0055
5.2

= + = 15555 = 0055 + 2055
= = 055=1 055
= ( +) = 0.99 = )1+055 ( 055 %33

055 205
= 250 1 = 250 5.02
= 1200= 0.52 0055
= 5.323= )202.300( 205=)) 2.0+1.200 ( + 205( 205 %32.3

72.
5.2 = 255= 5.2 205
= 5.30= )202.300( 255=)) 2.0+1.200 ( + 255( 200 %30.3

72.
5.2 = 255 = 5.2 055
= 15555=0055 + 2055 15
= 5.306 =)15+ 255 ( 255%30.6

1.0 %6
= 20 = 5.56 / 1.0
- -:


# #

dB

K.V.A


75 65 7. 77 377 171
75 65 67 76 777 371
61 65 62 65 75 577 771
63 65 60 65 7. 1777 - 571
60 65 67 65 67 1777 - 1771
 67 65 66 65 61 2777 - 1771
66 51 6. 65 62 3777 - 2771

# #

K.V.A
70 07 77 37
76 06 177 57
7. 05 167 127
67 0. 277 277
62 77 077 317
60 72 637 777
- 70 1777 .77
- 76 1677 - 1277

2

77 67

* :
- -:
-1 .
-2 .
-3
- -:
-1 .
-2 ( ) .
-3
.
 -2

-0 .
-6
.
-0


.

-3 ( )

-1 :





.
 :
V1/ V2 = I2/I1 = N1/N2
( )S :
S = V1 * I1 = V2 * I2
. :
-1 ( )P 2 :
)P2 = (V1 V2)* (I2- I1
-2 ( )P1 :
P1 = (V1 V2) * I1



1.0 3 .

155.. 11 210
155.. ( )1 :
= 3 = 11555 / 155555
= 225 = 210 / 155555
 = 231 = 3 - 225
.

.


( /)

( ) N ( ) A B -C
() a b - c

( /)
( ) A B -C
 () a b - c

( /)

-2 :


255
225
 -3 ( )


-0 ()

.
.
-0











: -:



1 0

 -1
-A " " Primary Winding

-B. " " Secondary Winding

.

" " 200-400/5/5
( ) 200/5
( ) 400/5


.
-2








-:


1/155
155 1
25 0/155
2=155025




.

1
-A

* B


:

-2
-1 0
-2 1
0
P =R*I2
-3
- A

.

GIS




11/33

-1
35 -10 - 15 -0 -2.0
-2 ()

- 3- 1 5.0 - 5.2
- 35- 25 - 10 - 15 0
-3
- 15 15555
- 1 0





p1
s2 p2 s1

" " Burden

( )VA
.65- 35- 10- 15- 0 .

 (Accuracy limit factor ( ALF

30VA -5 P 20
P
0 25
25
35
" " Name Plate

-: 2 :
0.5 P 20 - 15 - 30 VA - 055/0/0
 055 0
VA10 ( 5.0 )%5.0
. VA 35 ( P20 )%0
P20 %0 25
25 .

n


.

E F&O.C E.F
n


S1 S2
Knee voltage
S1 S2- S1 -

.


-1
11/33 /
33
11

:
-1 If
-2 () I .Rr- I2.Rc - I2.Rct
2

.
 355
1 35
2.25= Rct 20
5.20=Rc Rr
= 5.10
= *
2.202 = 2.20*1=Rct
= *
= 5.20 = 5.20 * 1
= *
= 5.10 = 5.10 *1


= Ra + Rc Rr
5.6= 5.10+5.20 =Ra
35=Rr
5 p 10 15=n

= = ]) Rct +Ra (/ )Rct +Rr([*n
=113.50 = ]) 2.25 +0.6 (/ )2.25 +30([* 15
= /
= 23.33 = 355/ 20555

23.33>113.50

=[ ( ) / ] *177
= [(%30.66 = 155* ] 23.33/ )113.50-23.33
( knee voltage( VK Knee voltage
320= VK
VK1
VK1 =If/Ip *(Rct +Rc +Rr) = 25000/300 *(2.25+0.45+0.15)=237.7
320=VK 230=VK1

= * ( / )
= 20.0 = )2555/0( * 30555
= /
= 255 = 0/ 2555
= *
= 22.1= ) 2+ 5.31(* 20.0

= * 0200 * * *
= 05.53 =) 255* 3.20* 05* 2.22(/ 252.1 2

33 20

777/7 177

5A 500-1000 A 36 Kv 33 Kv
= 2.32 = 155/232

33
05

7/1777 277

5A 1500-2000 A 36 Kv 33 Kv
= 2.32 = 255 / 206
- 2 11/33
33
2 20

777/7 177

5A 500-1000 A 36 Kv 33 Kv
= 2.32 = 155/232
- 3 11

7/1777 377

5A 1600-3500 A 12 Kv 11 Kv
= 2.30 = 355/1313
11
 255 2 1/255
355 2 1/355 2
255 2 1/255
: " " Voltage Transformer

225 115
155-225

210

115

( ) 155 -115 -225

 -1


255

-2
VT PT





.


( ) VA ( Burden


055-355-255-155-00-05-10-15


1.3-1.0-1.2



( )


33
-1
33 3
3 / 33555 =3 / VL = Vph
33 155
155 /33555 = 100/ VL= V
-2
155 115
155 3
00.03 = 3 / 155 = 3 / Vs = Vphs
63.01 = 3 / 115 = 3 / Vs = Vphs
3
33.33 = 3 / 155 = 3 / Vs = Vphs

10 - 15 - 25 - 30 - 50 - 100 - 110 VA.

-1

-2

-3 ( )





( ) H.R.C 11
11


MCB

.

*



2
-1 :

.




-:
- 1
- 2 .
- 3 .



-1
= * /
)R = C * KV (P-n) / (KVA
-2
= * /
)R = C * KV (P-P) / (KVA
( ) C
-1 1.0
-2 25
25

Temperature correction Factor


30 86 1.98
40 104 3.95
50 122 7.85

5.210/11 1055 /
25 05
27
- 1 11
= * /
11 = 226 = 1055 / 11555 * 1.0
 - 2 210
= * /
= 16 = 1055 / 210 * 1.0
77
25
05 = 120.6 = 0.20* 16
11 05 = 3365 = 0.20*226
( -)

1.3
10
10 1.3

-
3
( )a-b-c-n ( )aE-bE-cE-nE
1555 1
355



2055 A
( ) a b c n
))A a) (A b) (A c) ( A n
))B a) (B b) (B c) ( B n
))C a) (C b) (C c) ( C n
1

0555
 ) (A - E ( ) ( B - E (( C - E
1 355

1 355 2055

2 355 0555
2 255 1555

0 15 0 15 0555
5 15 5 15 1555

355
255

355

()Winding Resistance test

 ( ) B - C ( ) A - C ( ) A B


1

))a n) ( b n) ( c n) ( a b) ( a c) ( b c


 -2



5.0
=[( - ) / ]*155
5.0

* -:
 - .
- .
- .
* -:

Dy11
7 5.0
4 11
410 4
45 05


N1 V1
=T.R = =
N2 V2


083
 1 210
. .
( ) VL ( ) VL
" "1
5.0
" "2
" "3
. " "2
. " "0

5.0

( 514-083)

-


155
11 \ 33 0
2225 5.563 = 33555 \ 2225
155 = % 6.3
 Measurement of zero sequence impedance

/
225

225

8 60MVA

132000V 13800V
262A 2510A

 129.67
Z=33.25% Z=28.64%
4.67A

Z=22.21% Z=19.94% 127.6V

6.6A

Z=9.9%9 Z=7.22% 13.1V

130A

Z=12.49% Z=9.52% 10.9V

132A

])Z% = [ (V*Ir) / (Vr * I

V Vr I
Ir

-0

( /) ( )yd11
- 1
- 2 A B C
- 3 a b- c -n
210
B b
3

B-b 224.52 A-n 2.202
B -c 224.59 B-n 225.66
A-B 228.14 C-c 221.15
------ --------- C-b 224.48

Dyn11
B c B b Cc
Cb An + Bn AB

OK 224.52 = 224.59 Bb = Bc

OK 221.15 < 224.48 Cc < Cb

OK 228.14 = 2.202 + 225.66 AB = An + Bn

Dyn1 1W-2W = 1W-2V=1V-2V < 1V-2W

Dyn11 1W-2W = 1V-2W=1V-2V < 1W-2V
Ynd1 1W-2V = 1W-2W=1V-2V< 1V-2W
OPEN CIRCUIT





%1

I2 R



A -B B-C C-A A B C
1
2
3
0
7

:


.

- 1
- 2
- 3 ( ) MPIS
- 2
- 0

:
Break down voltage 2.0
)(IEC 60296
30 50
35 0 6 2

:
:
( 025 1255 (
* ( 30 (
*
:
) (37 21

* -:
( . ) Oil Tester
* ( 2.0
* -:
225 (
) .
.
.
25.
 * -:
" " .
" " .
.



" "
. .
2.0 .
2 . /
.

. .

.
( ) B.D.V


25 35 . 11
20 20 33
30 65 225
20 05 255

0
22
22






() .
.

.






.
:
- :

01 - 01 0 / 0 5 .
01- 01
0.5 / 0 8
.
- :
0111 51
0511 5 .
0
220.
- :
6
611-011
.
- :
1.3 - 1.5/
.


Alarm
:










-
-
-
-A

3 3
P1 P2

S1 S2
S

 - B



= ( / )

- C


- D




= *

115
355 2.0 2 2

= 2.02 = 115/ 355

= 12.0= 2* 2.02 = I2 *RL
=
= 0.2 = 2* 2.0


-1
A n
116
3.3
a N
113.3

a N
112.3
.

-2 1
0

055
 1555 2055
0

- C





 - D




= *
 -1

3
k
k

-2




-7 LOOP RESISTENCE
 -6 ( ) Back energization test

10

-1



 -2







-1
-2
-:

( )


.
.

- :












-

-1 2

( r = )AC ( r = )AB ( 2r = )BC




( r = )an ( r = )bn ( =)cn
.cn

.
 -2 -:



.
.


.
-3 -:



.
- 0 :




.

- 7 -:




.
- 6 :
25. 2.0
( )
25.

- 5 -:








 - 1


--- ----

-2 ---- percentage impedance test ----
--- short ---
210 A-- B--- C







.
15


-1
-2 .
-3
-2 .
-0 ( ).
-6 .
-0
-2

17
- 1 ( )

-2
.
- 3 -2
.
- 0 .
- 6 .
- 0 .
- 2
- 3 .

-3






1






3

-A




 -B (:)Mechanism

( - -)
- 1 :
10

.
- 2 :

( )Accumulator
( )Piston

- 3 :


.
- 1

 -2



2

 -3

-C :



.
-D :



3
A ()SF6
.
.
- - - .
- B :

. .
- C

- E

-1 :



.
 :
-1


-2




.

.
-2 :




.
 F





)(fault

anti-pumping relay
anti-pumpig relay
anti-slam

.
anti-pumping relay
on


on
CB Anti-pumping
on
CB

anti-pumping-relay
trip



( )
- 1

:
-1 .
- 2 .

-A Oil C.B -Bulk


.





.

.

( )
.

.
.
" "36 .

.
-B




 :








.

-:
- -
:
-:

.

.
.
.


.
.



. .

- 2 ) ( Vacuum Circuit Breaker

) ( V C.B




.





11

-:



05 125 " "15555
.
" "00 " 25 " 65
-:
.
()recovery Arc
- 3 ) ( SF6 Circuit Breaker

) ( SF6 C.B 33
255 ( A 4000 ).

-: SF6

- - -



. " "2.0 :2
" 055"

SF6

2




.

sf6
-
AIS

 - 0 ) ( Air-Blast Circuit Breaker





.

-1 ()Axial Blast air circuit breaker

 -2 Cross Blast air circuit breaker

-3

-72 ()recloser




 .

.





.
2

-2
-1

22
 -2



11

- 0
- 1
33


 - 2
3.3 33
20 2055 655 2555





 - 3



ACB 155
MCCB 155
MCB 15

-1


3












2

-A
-1
-2
-B
1 ()Manual


2 ()Motorized

-2 Grounding Switches




3 .
-1
-2
-3

) (Interlock System
.

-3
3

( ( off
:

 -:
1 .
2 1 3
- 3 .
- 2
( ) .
-1 Rated Current

.
-2 Rated Breaking Current


635 5.63
2055 20 .

-3 ( Rated making current ( I m

making current = 2.55 x Rated short circuit breaking current
Imaking = 2.55 * I breaking
Imaking = 8 * I rated
-0 Rated short circuit current
3
.
 6.3 - 8 - 10 - 12.5 - 16 - 20 - 25 - 31.5 - 40 - 50 - 63 kA.

() Rated operating sequence

O 0.3s CO 3min - O
o
( ) opening operation C
Co
3 3min
0.3s 5.3

0 - 3 mn - CO - 3 mn CO - 0
O - 0.3 s - CO - 3 mn CO - 0
- 6 O - 0.3 s - CO - 15 s CO

5.3 3 3
 :
:
1 2

2

= [ * *1.2* ] * 1.032
3 2
.
0 2

1

-1 225 210
- 225 15
- 210 15 155
-2
1.20

-3


ACB 05
MCCB 30
MCB 16
-2 ( 1 2 3 2 )
 - 225
- 225
- 210
- 210
-0
- ACB 255
- MCCB 155 255
- MCB 155

-6

:
Cat. A .
Cat.B .
/ :
B : .
C : ( )
D :

00

= 00 * 06 = 5.026. = 05.
05 15
225 155
210
= 122 = ) 210*1.02*5.2*( / 05
= 126 = 150*1.20
105
05 210 3

D : 15 25
1225=15*122
1225
5.0
105 165

4
4*10 UP TO 18 KW 40
4*16 18-36 KW 60
4*25 37-52 KW 80+100
4*35 53-62 KW 125
 4*50 63-80 KW 160
4*70 81-100 KW 200
4*95 101-128 KW 225 To 250
4*120 UP TO 130 KW 250
4*150 131-150 KW 300
4*185 151-175 KW 350
4*240 176-200 KW 400
4*300 201-250 KW 500
2X150 251-300KW 600
2X240 301-400 KW 800
2X300 401-500KW 1000
3X240 501-600 KW 1200
4X240 601-800 KW 1600
4X300 801-1000KW 2000

.
-1
- 1 .
- 2 .
- 3 .
- 2 ) . (Charging Limit Switch
- -0 .
- 6 .
-0 ) .( Shutters
- 2
-2 Operation Tests



- A

(

.
- B
33 11 .
- 3 )( (ON,OFF ) .
- 2 " .
- 0 ".
 -6 ".

-3 Insulation resistance testing

-A


-1 ( ) R-E Y-E B-E 055
-2 ( ) R-R Y-Y B-B 15
-3 ( ) R-Y R-B Y-B 055

-B


-1 ( ) R-E Y-E B-E 055
-2 ( ) R-R Y-Y B-B 055
-3 ( ) R-Y R-B Y-B 055
 -:

-4 -:

11 (12-60)
33kV . (25-100)

( )

.
155

.

-5 Timing Test :

:
- :
% 25 D.C
%65 D.C
- :
%155 D.C
.
-6 :


 .
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UPS

Example of UPS battery sizing

Select the battery model number and quantity (using the typical watts per cell table)
for a 300 kVA UPS, 94% efficiency, power factor of 0.8, for a backup time of 15
minutes.

The UPS battery bus voltage is 480 V. The typical table is for 12 V batteries (six cells
of 2 V each).

Quantity of batteries per bank = 480/12 = 40 batteries

Number of cells per bank = 40 x 6 = 240 cells

Looking at the capacity, we see that the required watt/cell is too much for one bank.
However, various options are available, for example if we decided to use three banks
in parallel:

watt/cell (three banks in parallel) = 1063/3 = 354

- select a S12V370(F) battery

Total number of batteries required

= 40 (per bank) x 3 (banks) = 120

.

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import
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33
-1 .
-2 .
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 - 1 33
12

= ( / * ) 3
Iop = S /(3 *V) = 12000 /(3*33) =210A
12 215


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= 310 = 1.0 * 215
255 2
xlpe 535 35

65
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35
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27 37 37 07 77 67
1275 1270 1 7257 72.7 72.

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222 310
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1.1
33 :

MVAsc = KV *KA = 33 *31.5 =1040 MVA
Xc =KV2 /MVAsc = 332 / 1040 = 1.047
I = 1.1 * KV /(3 *Xc ) = 1.1 *33*103/(3 *1) =20982 A
m *Kc * Ip= Tsc
m m = 1

: Kc
Ip /In = 20982 /526 =39.8
5.0 33.2
5.0 KC = 0.8

Isc= 1 * 0.8* 20982 =16785 A = 16.7 KA

5.1= =5.50*2
Iop = (Isc *Tsc) /A = (209822 *0.1) /400 =6504.4/400 =16.2A/mm2
2

Smin =( It *Tsc ) /I op = ( 20982 *0. 1) /16.2 =6635 /16.2 = 400 mm2

. 1 sec
400 mm2 1
21
 ISC = ISCCABLE >I SC OPRATION = 21000>16785

- 2 33
12
I = S /(3 *KV) = 12*103 /(3 *33) =210 A

= * 225 = 2*215 = 2
400 630

-3







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11/33
-1
-2
-3
 -2
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33/11 15
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a n s sn

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S=3 * kv *I I = S/3 *kv
I= 15000/ 3 *33=262 A
B 33
262 1.2 310 = 1.2*262
225 XLPE 2
33 225 450 %25
360= 5.2* 450 5.0 = 360 / 262

1/355 355

-C 33
:




262
1.2( 310 = 1.2 * 262)
 635 33
1/355
-2 11
11 11
635 1255 1250
1255 1655 1255 2555

A 11
S=3 * 11 *I
I = S/3 *11 = 15000/ 3 *11 =788 A
B 11
788 255 XLPE 2 11
255 655 %25
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1/255
-C 11
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1205 11
11
12
I = S /(3 *KV) = 25*103 /(3 *11) =630A

= 1200 = 2* 630
1200
11
11 15 10
10

N =( P / S) * Diversty facors =( p / S) * 1.2
p s
10 2
35 11
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255
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 0 11 2

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11



11
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1006 = 022+022
= 2362 = 1.0*1006 2055
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0.108 /km 077 30 xlpe 3772

35
65
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= *
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365 310
1 sec
300 mm2 1 17

400 2 33
33 20

055/1 055

1A 500-1000 A 36 Kv 33 Kv
= 5.20 = 055/232
- 2 11/33
33
 2 10

355/1 355

1A 300-600 A 36 Kv 33 Kv
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- 3 11

800/1 800

1A 200-1600 A 12 Kv 11 Kv
= 725. = .77/5..
11
255 2 1/255
355 2 1/355 2
255 2 1/255

33
( 33 )
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:
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11
11

33KV
 33

33KV
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33KV
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33

-1 33
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155



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-1
= 1255= 255+255+055+355+155+155+155+155
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=
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11
6
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ACSR 250 5.2032
%0

155

V D = ( (3x(RCos+XSin)x I ) / (No of Conductor/Phase x1000))x L

Load Current at Point A (I) = KW / 1.732xKVxP.F

Load Current at Point A (I) =1500 / 1.732x11000x0.8 = 98 Amp.
Required No of conductor / Phase =98 / 205 =0.47 Amp =1 No
VD A = ( (3x(RCos+XSin)xI ) / (No of Conductor/Phase x1000))x L
V D A =((1.732x (0.2720.8+00.6)x98) / 11000)x1500) = 57 Volt
 Receiving end Voltage at Point A = Sending end Volt-Voltage Drop= (1100-
57) = 10943 Volt.
% Voltage Regulation at Point A = ((Sending end Volt-Receiving end Volt) /
Receiving end Volt) x100
% Voltage Regulation at Point A = ((11000-10943) / 10943 )x100 = 0.52%
% Voltage Regulation at Point A =0.52 %

B
Load Current at Point B (I) = KW / 1.732xVoltxP.F
Load Current at Point B (I) =1800 / 1.732x11000x0.8 = 118 Amp.
Distance from source= 1500+1800=3300 Meter.
VDB = ( (3x(RCos+XSin)xI ) / (No of Conductor/Phase x1000))x L
V D B =((1.732x (0.2720.8+00.6)x98) / 11000)x3300) = 266 Volt
Receiving end Voltage at Point B = Sending end Volt-Voltage Drop= (1100-
266) = 10734 Volt.
% Voltage Regulation at Point B= ((Sending end Volt-Receiving end Volt) /
Receiving end Volt) x100
% Voltage Regulation at Point B= ((11000-10734) / 10734 )x100 = 2.48%
% Voltage Regulation at Point B =2.48 %

Load Current at Point C (I) = KW / 1.732xVoltxP.F

Load Current at Point C (I) =2000 / 1.732x11000x0.8 = 131 Amp
Distance from source= 1500+1800+2000=5300 Meter.
VDC = ( (3x(RCos+XSin)xI ) / (No of Conductor/Phase x1000))x L
VDC =((1.732x (0.2720.8+00.6)x98) / 11000)x5300) = 269 Volt
Receiving end Voltage at Point C = Sending end Volt-Voltage Drop= (1100-
269) = 10731 Volt.
% Voltage Regulation at Point C= ((Sending end Volt-Receiving end Volt) /
Receiving end Volt) x100
% Voltage Regulation at Point C= ((11000-10731) / 10731 )x100 = 2.51%
% Voltage Regulation at Point C =2.51 %

Here Trail end Point % Voltage Regulation is 2.51% which is in permissible limit.

% V R =(I x (Rcos+Xsin)x Length ) / No of Cond.per Phase xV (P-N))x100

Load Current at Point A (I) = KW / 1.732xVoltxP.F

Load Current at Point A (I) =1500 / 1.732x11000x0.8 = 98 Amp.
Distance from source= 1.500 Km.
Required No of conductor / Phase =98 / 205 =0.47 Amp =1 No
Voltage Drop at Point A = (I x (Rcos+Xsin)x Length ) / V (Phase-
Neutral))x100
 Voltage Drop at Point A =((98x(0.2720.8+00.6)x1.5) / 16351) = 0.52%
% Voltage Regulation at Point A =0.52 %

B
Load Current at Point B (I) = KW / 1.732xVoltxP.F
Load Current at Point B (I) =1800 / 1.732x11000x0.8 = 118 Amp.
Distance from source= 1500+1800=3.3Km.
Required No of conductor / Phase =118 / 205 =0.57 Amp =1 No
Voltage Drop at Point B = (I x (Rcos+Xsin)x Length ) / V (Phase-
Neutral))x100
Voltage Drop at Point B =((118x(0.2720.8+00.6)x3.3)/16351) = 1.36%
% Voltage Regulation at Point A =1.36 %

C
Load Current at Point C (I) = KW / 1.732xVoltxP.F
Load Current at Point C (I) =2000 / 1.732x11000x0.8 = 131Amp.
Distance from source= 1500+1800+2000=5.3Km.
Required No of conductor / Phase =131/205 =0.64 Amp =1 No
Voltage Drop at Point C = (I x (Rcos+Xsin)x Length ) / V (Phase-
Neutral))x100
Voltage Drop at Point C =((131x(0.2720.8+00.6)x5.3)/16351) = 2.44%
% Voltage Regulation at Point A =2.44 %

Here Trail end Point % Voltage Regulation is 2.44% which is in permissible limit
) ( - 2


 11
3
-1





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= * 3 ( / )
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( ) MAKING CURRENT
2.00
= MAKING CURRENT * 2.00
20 = 2.00 * 12.2 = MAKING CURRENT
1.2
:
= 21.3 = 1.2 * 12.2
00.2 = 2.00 * 21.3 = MAKING CURRENT


635
12.2
21.3
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=( / )*1.2
=( 3.10 = 1.2*) 255 /305
= * 2.00
= 0.3 = 2.00 * 3.10
()RMU

1727
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77

57 -
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637 -
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777 1777 1777
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15
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02 0 15


055
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R2-Y2 R2-B2 B2 Y2

( (R2-Y2-B2

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R1-
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 - 2
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.

(Time Limit Fuses) TLF

-1
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TLF TLF
R - Y R B
R - Y B R
Y - B B R
Y - B R B
R - B R B
R - B B R

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R 50/5 25 30 A R-B
Y 50/5 25 30A R-B
B 50/5 25 30A R-B
R 100/5 30 40A R-B
Y 100/5 30 40A R-B
B 100/5 30 40A R-B

( ) TLF
-1
-2
-3
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-0
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TLF TLF
R - Y R B
R - Y B R
Y - B B R
Y - B R B
R - B R B
R - B B R

R 50/5 2 2.7 A R-B
Y 50/5 2 2.7 A R-B
B 50/5 2 2.7 A R-B
R 100/5 1.2 1.65A R-B
Y 100/5 1.2 1.65A R-B
B 100/5 1.2 1.65A R-B
Relay Primary Injection Test - Overcurrent Test
Relay Primary Injection Test - Earth Fault Test
 -7 :

155 0
5.210/11 05 2
2 0 22 33

:
1 055 11
2 1555 11 .
2 1055 11 .
-3 2555 0555 33

055 1655 31.0 255 3*35mm2 4*1*630mm2
1555 2555 63 1655 3*35mm2 7*1*630mm2
1055 3555 35 2055 3*95mm2 11*1*630mm2

Nameplate
.
:
.
Manfact. Date............................
Frequency.....................................
Power Rated ....................................
Group connection Vector.......
voltage Impedance .........................
. Short circuit time ..............................
Total weight ............................
 Oil weight ...............................
Type of cooling .........................
Rated current ..........................
( ) voltag Rated
:
* / ( ) Y/
11 ( ) 0.415kv ()Y
11 / 0.415 *
4 % or 5 % . *
* ( 2.5 % ) .
65 . *
- : Power Rated
S = 1.732 *VL *IL
( 155 2555 )
( ) S
===============================
-2 ( ) Short circuit time
( )
.

Transformer KV.A . Short Circuit withstand Duration
Up to 630 KV.A . 2 sec
Above 630 up to 2000 KV.A ............... 3 sec
Above 2000 KV.A ... 4 sec
===============================
-3 :) Impedance Voltage) V%
Percentage Impedance
Impedance voltage Percentage Impedance


155
Z % = (Vpsc / Vr) X 100
Z % = Impedance voltage
= Vpsc
= Vr

Impedance voltage
( 3 )
( )
Impedance
voltage

Impedance voltage : Percentage Impedance

 )Short Circuit Capacity) S.C.C () Breaker Circuit
( )S.C.C :
Short Circuit current in secondary = Rated secondary current/ %Z
KVA 2055 % Z =%0
Rated secondary current Is =2500*1000/1.732*380=3800 A
S.C Current in secondary = 3800/0.05= 76000A=76 KA
S.C.C C.B
:
-1 %155 (
) ()A3255
%0 25
() KA06
===============================
- :Type of cooling
ONAN
............ )O) : Oil .
............ )N ) : Natural .
..................... )A): Air .
..............)N) : Natural .
===============================
-7 :) Rated Current) Ir
KVA = 1.732 * V * I
I = KVA / 1.732 * V
210
IL = S (VA) / 1.732 * 415
IL = (KVA) / 1.732 * 0.415 = 1.39 * KVA
11
IL = (KVA) / 1.732 * 11 = 0.052 * KVA
===============================
-6 ) Connection Vector Group( :
Dyn11 :
-: D ( ) .
-: y ( ) .
-: n .
-: 11
( )Phases shift 335 = 35 11 .
==================================
: Tap Changer
off Load Tap Changer





turns ratio
( )V325 ( ) %0

%2.0 ()KV11
( )KV+5%*11Kv11
V11005 (KV- 11
)5%*11Kv V15205 KV11 KV15.0
%2.0 V325 V363

Vs/15055 = 325/11555
Vs = 380 *(10500/11000) = 363V
( ) V363 ( ) V325
%152.0 %155
V325 :
Vs = 363 * (104.5/100) = 380 V

-1 1777

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-1
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210 ACB
MCCB ( ) PANAL
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% 15 .

NH - MJ 637 0 6 1677 777
NH - MJ 637 6 2777 1777

NH - MJ 637 . 3777 1777


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635
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637 077 637 6 NH -MJ

637 077 637 17 NH -MJ

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.

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11 1

1 11
-B
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11
- 1
- 2
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( )off point :
-
 05 0
155 6
0 6 1
05 2 25

52. 1 500KVA
1327 1257 1000 KVA
152. 2277 1500 KVA

-1 = ( )*
-2 =1 +
-3 =1 *2065
-2 =1 *5.10*2065
-7 = +
-6 = *5.66
:

1
2
-1 2.252=0.2* )155/65( =1
-2 1=1
-3 =1 + = 32.7.=22.7.+1
-2 2065 =2065* 1=1
-0 3623.0= 5.10*2065*2.252=1
-6 = +
= 12223.0=3623.0+ .567
-0 = *5.66
 = 2.0 = 5.66 * 3.252


2.3=(80/100)2*13.9 =2
1.30=(50/100)2*7.8 =3
2.3=(80/100)2*13.9 =2
4.95=(50/100)2*19.8 =0
2.3=(80/100)2*13.9 =6
3.5=(50/100)2*13.9 =0
4.95=(50/100)2*19.8 =2
3.5=(50/100)2*13.9 =3
2.8=(60/100)2*7.8 =15
2.8=(60/100)2*7.8 =11


:
1 2 3 0 7 6 5 . 5 17 11
22. .25 1257 .20 0257 .20 327 0257 327 22. 22.


20.30=2.2+3.0+2.30+3.0+2.2+2.2 = 2
20=2.30+2.2+1.30+2.3+2.2 = 1
0 6

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B
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c 11 1055
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 A
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a 2 1655
b 0 2555
c 11 3555
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B
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72017/11
( -1 )2
355mm2 xlpe cu
1 :

-1
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11
11 355
355 255
%05
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355 = 225= 5.0* 255
11
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 1777
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