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  • Improvement of Internal Charging Current Compensation

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    OkiPetrus Hutauruk LumbanBaringin
    8 Ansichten4 Seiten
    IEEE

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    8 Ansichten4 Seiten

    Improvement of Internal Charging Current Compensation

    Hochgeladen von

    OkiPetrus Hutauruk LumbanBaringin
    IEEE

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Als PDF herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    von 4
    14 IMPROVEMENT OF INTERNAL CHARGING CURRENT COMPENSATION FOR TRANSMISSION LINE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION M Yamaura Toshiba corp. Introduction In 1980, a PCM differential relay was developed to allow for the increase in charging current through transmission lines incidental (© 1,000KV overhead lines and SOOKV underground cable lines in urban atea. This differential relay compensates charging current so thot the sensitivity of its relay may net decline. We first applied a hardware circuit for differential ‘operation of each terminal voltage to compensate the charging current, and then applied a modified liferentil apywoximation of self tenminal voltage based on numerical calculation to compensate the charging curent, The PCM differential relay for the trans we as been greatly improved in performance, making full use ofthe advantages ‘of new (second-generation in Japan) technology applied to commercial relays. For example, we report the following improvement in performance using higivaceuracy and high= speed sampling dat: reduction in lixed errors of the diferental relay compensation of charging current by a simple metho ral 2._System Configuration ‘The PCM differential relay for protection of transmission lines was applied commercially in 1980 in Japan. It is extensively used as a main protection system for mast EHV power systems. ‘The configuration of the PCM. differential protection system is shown in Figure 1, The signal interfacing equipment shown in the Figure transmits signals fiom the PCM differential relay equipment in a specified format, generates a synchronizing signal for simultaneously sampling data at ferminals Sand R, and sends i tothe relay ‘The telay equipment is connected to a carrier multiplexer (Cr-MUX) of 1.544Mbps (megabits per sevond) for data transmission at the standard transmission speed of SAKbps 90 bits sampling frequency 60012) used in Japan, The Uuunseeiver unit COM receives a sampling. synchronizing signal from the signal interfacing equipment in every cycle, receives data from the other terminals , and sends its own daa to them, ‘The reference clock is divided into 96 parts by the digital transmission control unit FEP to sample the electric quantity of the own station at 4800 Hz, and those sampled data are sent to the other terminals through the Uwansceiver unit COM alter extracting the data every 600) Hz using a specified digital filter. ‘The relay processing unit RY-MPU performs a differential protetion calewation using the data ffom the FEP. The sequential processing unit SQ- (MPU ontpats a trip signal tothe CB via the inputoutput unit Devolopments in Power System Protection, 25-27th March 1957, Conferonce Publication No. 434, & IEE, 1997 Y. Kurosava H. Ayakawa Japan DIO. The human interface unit HIU fetches setting values ‘and information on the maintenance control switches, and aulomiatically checks and monitors of the relay equipment terminal § formiaal & [tte a 8 re pall | Sh:Sending Data isReceiving te ST-Sanpl ing Signal Basic configuration of PCM protection system, Figure 1 diferential 3._Principle of Operation The differential relays theory of operation is based ot Kirchhoffs first law and uses the data of simultaneous instaxtangous current values of all terminals. The method of | synchronizing control for data sampling is described in detail inreferences [1], [2 The differential relay samples instantancous current vahes su electrical angle of 30° (at the sampling frequency: of 001K, the fundamental frequency is SOH2), and transmits them fam one terminal to another, 1 then caleulates the sun niga) of instantaneous current valve data (isu, Sng) ofall (erminals (SR), that is, the amplitude (gs) of the ilferential current and the current amplitude (FaqsItn) of eh terminal (SR), according to equation 1), and makes an ‘operation decision according to equation (2a),2b) Zit el avon lee| "Parson 2420 fag ~tow Mn 60" sumpling ines Lag 2 Fly + KOL en Tag BART 4 AOD 2b) = asl, Tewsds I Ine ewes) Ta hem re” Hine constant KO1KO2 in equation (2a),(2b) determines current sensitivity, whieh is set such that is relay will not operate unnecessarily during external faults ,or in normal cperation mode. The sensitivity constant KOI is an Important factor forthe differential relay because itis more susceptible to fixed errors than to proportional errors, such as CT errors, inthe small eurrent area in equation (2a) In the large current area, however, proportional errors of the current tansformer in each terminal and the relay analog ‘input produce an increasing effect on the differential relay. Its necessary, therefore, to inerease the restraint current ‘vellicient k2 in equation (2b) to larger than the cveficent KE inthe small current area, Furthermore, as a countermeasure to CT saturation, the maxizwum of the sum ‘ofeach terminal current amplitude (Ist) before the half eyele is used as restraint current: es in equation (2a)(2b), Figure 2 shows, for example, the operating characteristics of the differential relay used by a certain

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