Aspect Forging
Definition Application of thermal and
mechanical energy to steel
billets to cause the material to
change shape while in solid
state.
Part Size Generally used for smaller part
or components which is suitable
for forging. Can forge up to
50kg, limited part size.
Shape complexity Have a limit in the shape of
materials such as flat bar
cylinders and round shafts.
Design flexibility The design flexibility is limited
compared to casting. The shape
limited when undercuts or
coned sections are required.
Mechanical properties Good mechanical properties:
1. High strength
2. High ductility
3. High toughness
Also, presence of plastic
deformation.
Performance in service High performance due to its
better properties than casting.
Long lasting.
Casting
Process of where metal is
heated until molten and is
poured into a mold to create
any desired shape.
For a wider range of wear parts
and components that are large,
unsuitable for forging process.
Can cast up to 3,000 kg if
required. No real upper size
limit.
Can process any complicated or
complex parts or materials.
The design flexibility is far
exceeds that of any other
process. It enables the design
engineer to match the design to
its function.
1. Low structural integrity
2. Low strength due to
grain size is free to
expand when in liquid
form but became
random when it
solidifies.
Low performance in service but
can still work in normal
situations.
Defects are unavoidable.