Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
2.1 custom /"kVst@m/ (n) 2.8 involve /In"vQlv/ (v) 2.15 rampart /"r&mpA:t/ (n)
accepted way of behaving or When an event or activity involves high, wide, wall of stone with a
of doing things in a society or sth it means that sth is a necessary path on top, built around a town
community In many countries or important part of it. When or castle to defend it
its a custom to give presents on Doug agreed to help Rob move
someones birthday. customary house, he hadnt imagined that it 2.16 jester /"dZest@(r)/ (n)
(adj), customarily (adv) would involve carrying a piano up in the past, a man employed by
two flights of stairs. involvement kings and queens to amuse people
2.2 tradition /tr@"dISn/ (n) (n) by telling jokes and stories; now,
a belief or way of doing sth that a person who acts this part at
has existed for a long time among 2.9 origin /"Qr@dZIn/ (n) special events, often wearing very
a particular group of people the beginning or background brightly-coloured clothes jest (n,
There is a long tradition in the of sth Margaret Thatcher rose v), in jest (phr)
British Royal family of following from humble origins as a grocers
a military career. traditionalism daughter to become the British 2.17 toss /tQs/ (v)
(n), traditionalist (n), traditional Prime Minister. originate (v), throw lightly or carelessly toss (n)
(adj), traditionally (adv) original (adj), originally (adv) 2.18 scramble /"skr&mbl/ (v)
2.10 rodent /"r@Ud@nt/ (n) to push, fight or compete with
an animal belonging to the group others in order to get or reach sth.
Lead in of small mammals with sharp front When the fire alarm went off,
teeth that grow constantly, e.g. a everyone scrambled madly for the
2.3 breed /bri:d/ (v) mouse or rat exits. scramble (n)
keep animals in order to produce
2.11 nuisance /"nju:s@ns/ (n) 2.19 impromptu
young ones in a controlled way
thing, person or situation that is /Im"prQmptju:/ (adj)
South Lakes Wildlife Park has
annoying What a nuisance! The done without preparation or
recently acquired two young adult
shops shut already and I needed planning
tigers which they hope to breed.
breed (n) L Also: reproduce. some milk. 2.20 passer-by
2.12 get rid of /%get "rId @v/ (phr v) /%pA:s@ "baI/ (n)
2.4 annual /"&nju@l/ (adj)
make yourself free of sb/sth that person who is going past by chance
happening once every year
you dont want or that is annoying while sth (often unexpected) is
annually (adv)
Sam chats for ages when he calls happening
2.5 festival /"festIvl/ (n) and sometimes I have to find a 2.21 fiesta /fi"est@/ (n)
day or period when people start polite way of getting rid of him. public event where people
working to celebrate sth
2.13 enhance /In"hA:ns/ (v) celebrate, usually connected with
festivities (n pl) festive (adj)
increase or improve the quality of a religious festival in Spanish-
2.6 celebration /%selI"breISn/ (n) sth enhancement (n), enhanced speaking countries (though La
special event organised because sth (adj) Tomatina is not a religious fiesta)
pleasant has happened celebrate
2.14 float /fl@Ut/ (n) 2.22 combatant
(v)
large vehicle, sometimes decorated, /"kQmb@t@nt/ (n)
2.7 take place /%teIk "pleIs/ (phr v) on which people dressed in person (also group or country)
happen, esp. because sth is costumes or displays are carried in involved in fighting a battle
combat (n, v)
arranged or planned a festival
but the plural noun is used far away from places where other
specifically in the context of war. people live remoteness (n), 2.50 nomadic /n@U"m&dIk/ (adj)
remotely (adv) travelling from place to place
2.29 commence /k@"mens/ (v) without having a permanent home
begin (more formal) 2.40 vast /vA:st/ (adj) nomad (n)
commencement (n), extremely large in area, size,
amount, etc. vastness (n), vastly 2.51 get-together
2.30 slimy /"slaImi/ (adj) (adv) /"get t@%geD@(r)/ (n)
made of or covered in any informal party or meeting
unpleasant thick wet substance 2.41 expanse /Ik"sp&ns/ (n)
slime (n) wide, open area of sth, esp. land, 2.52 beat a path
desert or water expand (v), /%bi:t @ "pA:T/ (idm)
2.31 mush /mVS/ (n) expansive (adj), expansively (adv) go in the same direction as
soft, thick mass or mixture, usu. everybody else
when sth is unpleasant mushy 2.42 venture /"ventS@(r)/ (v)
(adj) go somewhere even though 2.53 scrub /skrVb/ (n)
you know that it is going to be dry land covered with small
2.32 extra /"ekstr@/ (n) dangerous or unpleasant venture bushes and trees
person employed to play a very (n)
small part in a film, usu. as a 2.54 charcoal /"tSA:k@Ul/ (n)
member of a crowd 2.43 technician /tek"nISn/ (n) black substance used as a fuel
person whose job involves skilled which is made by burning wood
2.33 rinse /rIns/ (v) work with particular equipment slowly without much air
wash sth with clean water only, technical (adj), technically (adv)
2.88 fray /freI/ (v) 2.100 usher /"VS@(r)/ (v) 2.108 profusely /pr@"fju:sli/ (adv)
come apart: when tempers fray, take or show sb where they should a lot, in large amounts Hannah
people start to become irritated or go usher (n) thanked the woman profusely for
annoyed looking after her little boy when he
got lost. profusion (n), profuse
2.89 convoy /"kQnvOI/ (n) (adj)
group of vehicles or ships Vocabulary
travelling together, esp. when 2.109 get away with
soldiers or other vehicles travel 2.101 furious /"fjU@ri@s/ (adj) /%get @"weI wID/ (phr v)
with them for protection Three very angry fury (n), furiously do sth wrong and not be punished
soldiers died when rebels opened (adv) for it Sam broke her mums
fire on a UN convoy taking fresh favourite vase by accident, but she
troops into the south of the city. 2.102 overtake /%@Uv@"teIk/ (v) got away with it.
go past a moving vehicle or person
2.90 chuck /tSVk/ (v) ahead of you because you are 2.110 persuasion /p@"sweIZn/ (n)
throw sth carelessly going faster than they are I pulled the act of persuading sb to do sth
out to overtake the truck which was or to believe sth After a little
2.91 within earshot (of) gentle persuasion, he agreed to
/wI%DIn "I@SQt/ (idm) crawling up the hill.
come. persuade (v), persuasive
near enough to hear sb/sth or to 2.103 obedience /@"bi:di@ns/ (n) (adj), persuasively (adv)
be heard doing what you are told to do
Obedience to their fathers strict 2.111 expedition /%eksp@"dISn/ (n)
2.92 impact /"Imp&kt/ (n) organised journey with a particular
powerful effect that sth has on rules was very hard for the children.
obey (v), obedient (adj),
purpose, esp. to find out about sth
sth/sb impact (on) (v) that is not well known
obediently (adv)
2.93 conflict /"kQnflIkt/ (n) 2.112 jaguar /"dZ&gju@(r)/ (n)
situation in which people, groups member of the big cat family
or communities are involved in a
serious disagreement or argument
Grammar found only in Central and South
America, with yellow-brown fur
conflict (v), conflicting (adj)
2.104 stewardess /%stju:@"des/ (n) and black rings and spots
2.94 prominently woman whose job is to take care 2.113 struggle /"strVgl/ (v)
/"prQmIn@ntli/ (adv) of the passengers on a plane do sth with difficulty struggle (n)
in a way that is easily seen, steward (n)
2.148 legend /"le@nd/ (n) Grammar the hills to escape the fighting./They
went trekking in the jungle when
story from ancient times about they were on holiday in Costa Rica.
people and events, that may or 2.158 further afield trek (n), trekker (n), go trekking
may not be true legendary (adj) /%f3:D@r @"fi:ld/ (idm) (v)
in places that are not near or the
2.149 recount /rI"kaUnt/ (v) most obvious Gill hasnt been 2.166 captivate /"k&ptIveIt/ (v)
tell sb about sth, esp. sth that you accepted by any of the universities keep sbs attention by being
have experienced My brother she applied to, so shes having to interesting or attractive, etc.
and I loved to hear our grandfather look further afield. L When physical L Usually used in the passive. Do
recount his experiences from the war. movement is implied, venture further not confuse with capture = to take
afield is commonly used. sb prisoner. captivating (adj),
2.150 spindly /"spIndli/ (adj)
captivatingly (adv)
very long and thin, and not strong 2.159 foothill /"fUthIl/ (n)
hill or low mountain at the base 2.167 thriving /"TraIvIN/ (adj)
of a higher mountain or range of continuing or starting to be
mountains the foothills of the successful thrive (v)
Pyrenees
2.178 reindeer /"reIndI@(r)/ (n) 2.189 rev (up) /rev (Vp)/ (v)
large deer with long horns shaped make an engine run quickly He
Review like branches, that lives in cold revved the engine and accelerated
northern regions off down the narrow street.
2.169 prescribe /prI"skraIb/ (v)
say what should be done or how 2.179 stew /stju:/ (n) 2.190 funnel /"fVnl/ (v)
sth should be done dish of meat and vegetables move or make sth move through
cooked slowly in a pan a narrow space A huge crowd of
2.170 overhear /%@Uv@"hI@(r)/ (v) people funnelled out of the main
hear, esp. by accident, a 2.180 lingonberry /"lINg@nbri/ (n) exit of the stadium.
conversation in which you are not small sour red berry that grows on
involved I overheard Mandy say a small bush and is used in cooking 2.191 paddock /"p&d@k/ (n)
her husband is ill. Did you know? small field in which animals such
2.181 turf /t3:f/ (n) as horses are kept
2.171 impressive /Im"presIv/ (adj) piece of short grass and the surface
that impresses, making you feel layer of soil that is held together 2.192 radiate /"reIdieIt/ (v)
admiration because sb/sth is so by its roots spread out in all directions from
good or great in size or quality a central point The motorways
2.182 stove /st@Uv/ (n) radiate out from the capital city
impression (n), impress (v),
piece of equipment that can burn connecting to all the major towns
impressively (adv)
various fuels and is used for in the country.
2.172 go from strength to strength heating rooms
/%g@U fr@m %streNT t@ "streNT/ (idm) 2.193 decline /dI"klaIn/ (v)
2.183 herd /h3:d/ (v) refuse politely to accept or to do sth
become more and more successful
move or make people/animals move I dont smoke, so when the man
2.173 outline /"aUtlaIn/ (v) together in a particular direction offered me a cigarette, I declined.
give a description of the main facts (more usually humans herding
or points involved in sth outline animals) herd (n), herding (adj) 2.194 wrestle /"resl/ (v)
(n) fight sb by throwing or forcing
2.184 rein /reIn/ (n) them to the ground wrestler (n),
long, leather band that is fastened wrestling (n)
Workbook around a horse or other animals
neck in order to control it Jimmy 2.195 veritable /"verIt@bl/ (adj)
pulled the reins sharply and the real, true; used to emphasise that
Reading horse stopped suddenly. sth can be compared to sth else
that is more exciting, impressive,
2.185 sparse /spA:s/ (adj) etc. Our afternoon walk turned
Arctic Adventures only present in small amounts or into a veritable jungle expedition.
numbers and often spread over L Formal or humorous, only used
2.174 brood /bru:d/ (v)
a large area Population on the before nouns.
think a lot about sth Are you still
island is sparse in the winter,
brooding over what she said? Forget
whereas in the summer thousands 2.196 grab /gr&b/ (v)
it! brooding (adj)
of tourists spend their holidays here. take or hold sb/sth with your hand
2.175 log cabin /%lQg "k&bIn/ (n) sparseness (n), sparsely (adv) suddenly, firmly or roughly The
small house built of wood L log little boy grabbed a cake from the
2.186 corral /k@"rA:l/ (n) kitchen table and ran away. grab
(n) a thick piece of wood that is
fenced area for horses, cows, etc. (n)
cut from or has fallen from a tree
on a farm or ranch
2.176 meditate /"medIteIt/ (v) 2.197 drag /dr&g/ (v)
2.187 round-up /"raUnd %Vp/ (n) pull sb/sth along with effort and
think seriously and deeply about
an act of bringing people or difficulty The sack is too heavy
sth meditation (n)
animals together in one place for a to lift well have to drag it Im
particular purpose afraid.
2.206 timbered /"tImb@d/ (adj) will turn lumpy. lump (n) 2.227 hoot /hu:t/ (v)
built of wooden beams make a loud noise, shout
2.216 perched /p3:t/ (adj) hoot (n)
2.207 choke /@Uk/ (v) sitting or resting on sth There
be unable to breathe because the was a bird perched on the roof. 2.228 wayward /"weIw@d/ (adj)
perch (n, v) difficult to control Robbie is a
passage to your lungs is blocked or
you cannot get enough air rather wayward child and often
2.217 ember /"emb@(r)/ (n) gets into trouble.
2.208 fur-encased piece of wood or coal that is not
/"f3:r In%keIst/ (adj) burning but is still red and hot
completely surrounded in fur after a fire has died The fire was
out, but the embers still glowed.
L Usually used in the plural.
2.260 painstaking
/"peInsteIkIN/ (adj)
needing a lot of care, effort and
attention to detail Building model
aeroplanes is painstaking work.
painstakingly (adv)