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Latest asylum trends April 2017

Number of applications for international protection in the EU+1


In April, EU+ countries recorded 49 916 applications for international protection.2 This represented a 25 % decrease
compared to March, which was the only month in 2017 with a slight increase in applications lodged. Apart from this
exception, the number of applications in the EU+ has declined since August 2016. The number of applications lodged in
April 2017 was half that of April 2016
180 000 and 25 % than the same month in
162 000
Asylum applications 2015 when the refugee crisis
144 000
126 000
started.
108 000 Similar to the months in the first
90 000 quarter of 2017, 8 % of these
72 000 applicants had already lodged a
54 000
36 000
claim in the same EU+ country
18 000 (repeated applicants). 3 % of all
0 applicants claimed to be
14% Share of repeated applications unaccompanied minors (UAMs)3
7%
when lodging an application. The
0%
10% Share of claimed UAMs largest share of claimed UAM
5% applicants were, as in the previous
0%
months, Afghan citizens (14 %),
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closely followed by Gambian citizens


2014 2015 2016 2017
(12 %).

Main countries of origin of applicants


In April, the top-three citizenships of
origin of applicants was composed of
Syria, Afghanistan and Nigeria.
However, the share of Nigerian and
Iraqi applicants in the EU+ total was
very similar, each consisting of
approximately 6 %. These four
citizenships together accounted for
31 % of all applications lodged in the
EU+. The list of the 10 most frequent
citizenships of origin was completed
by Pakistan (5 %), Albania (5 %),
Eritrea (4 %), Bangladesh (4 %), Iran
and Guinea (3 % each). All top 10
citizenships recorded less applicants
than in March 2017. The highest
decrease was seen for Afghan,
Guinean and Iraqi applicants: -35 %,
-34 % and -31 %, respectively.

1The EU+ is composed of EU28 plus Norway and Switzerland. The share of repeated applicants is the proportion of repeated applicants in the
total number of applicants for international protection. The share of claimed UAMs represents the proportion of asylum applicants claiming to
be below the age of 18 years in the total number of applicants rather than those assessed to be such after an age assessment has been carried
out.
2Information on asylum applications were available for 28 EU+ countries. Weekly estimates were used for Portugal and Malta.
3Several EU+ countries have difficulties reporting on claimed UAMs in the framework of the EPS, these figures should therefore be considered

as underestimations of the actual proportion of claimed UAMs.


Syria Syria has been the main citizenship of origin of applicants in the EU+ since April 2015. In April 2017, 6 371 Syrian
applications were recorded, 26 % fewer than in March. This is among the lowest monthly totals since the beginning of
2014. Syrian nationals represented 13 % of all applicants in the EU+ in April 2017. However, they remained widespread
throughout the EU+ with 19 out of 26 reporting countries counting Syrian nationals among their top-three citizenships of
applicants.

Afghanistan In April 2017, Afghan citizens lodged 3 330 applications in EU+ countries. This was 35 % fewer than in March.
Similarly low numbers of applications lodged by Afghans were observed in first half of the 2014. Afghanistan remained the
main citizenship of claimed UAMs (14 % of total). Twelve out of 26 EU+ reporting countries had Afghan applicants in their
national top-three citizenships.

Nigeria In April 2017, despite a 25 % decrease in the number of applicants to 2 971, Nigeria was the third-ranked country
of origin. The number of Nigerian applicants exceeded Iraqi applicants, the citizenship group that was in the top three in
the previous month. However, only three EU+ countries counted Nigerian applicants among their top-three citizenships.

Number and type of decisions issued in first instance in EU+ countries4


0 5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000 0% 50% 100%
March April % change
Afghanistan 24 103 18 861 -22%
Syria 19 338 13 996 -28%
Iraq 13 429 10 091 -25%
Iran 5 269 3 700 -30%
Eritrea 3 560 3 281 -8%
Pakistan 4 449 3 231 -27%
Nigeria 3 490 3 143 -10%
Somalia 2 855 2 477 -13%
Albania 2 924 2 387 -18%
Russia 2 047 1 883 -8%
All Decisions Refugee status Subsidiary protection
Negative
In April, EU+ countries issued 88 305 first-instance decisions issued, 20 % fewer than in the previous month. Almost half
of all decisions were issued to applicants from the same three countries of origin (Afghanistan, Syria and Iraq). Every fifth
decision was issued to Afghan applicant (21 %), after which the highest share of first-instance decisions was issued to
Syrian (15 %), followed by Iraqi (11 %) applicants. The EU+ recognition rate remained at a similar level to the previous
months of 41 %. As in in previous months, more positive decisions led to refugee status (57 % of all positive decisions)
than subsidiary protection (43 %). The share of refugee status granted has decreased compared to one year ago, and
especially since January 2017. A lower share of subsidiary protection has been granted, resulting in this overall lower
recognition rate. Among the 10 countries of origin to which most decisions were issued in April, the highest recognition
rates related to applicants from Syria, Eritrea and Somalia. Their recognition rates were 96 %, 91 % and 67 %, respectively.
The recognition rate for Afghan nationals was 29 %, one percentage point higher than in March. The share of positive
decisions leading to refugee status was higher among Iranian applicants (97 % of total positive decisions) although only
53 % of all decisions were positive. Only 43 % of positive decisions issued to Syrian applicants led to refugee status.

Cases awaiting a first-instance decision


At the end of April, 663 079 cases were awaiting a decision in first instance 5, a 7 % decrease compared to March. Of all
pending cases, 19 % involved Afghan applicants, followed by Syrian (9 %) and Iraqi applicants (8.5 %). At the end of April
the share of cases pending for longer than six months reached 62 % of the total, the highest since the beginning of the
refugee crisis. The EU+ countries have increased their capacity to address this problem of long queues and worked on
other measures to quicken the process of refugee status determination.

4
Data on these indicators were only available for 26 countries (data missing for Portugal, Malta, Slovakia and Ireland).
5
Data on these indicators were only available for 26 countries (data missing for Portugal, Malta, Slovakia and Ireland).

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