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(i) To find the mean or average value of mixture when the The mean value is 90 P and price of water is 0 P.
prices of two or more ingredients which may be mixed
together and the proportion in which they mixed are given
(this is Alligation Medial); and
(ii) To find the proportion in which the ingredients at given
prices must be mixed to produce a mixture at a given price.
This is Alligation Alternate. By the Alligation Rule, milk and water are in the ratio of 5 :1.
Note: quantity of milk in the mixture = 5 16 = 80 liters.
(1) The word Alligation literally means linking. The rule
takes its name from the lines or links used in working out Ex3: 300 gm of sugar solution has 40% sugar in it. How much
questions on mixture. sugar should be added to make it 50% in the solution?
(2) Alligation method is applied for percentage value, ratio, Solution:
rate, prices, speed etc and not for absolute values. That is, The existing solution has 40% sugar, and sugar is to be
whenever per cent, per hour, per kg, per km etc are being mixed ; so the other solution has 100% sugar. So, by alligation
compared, we can use Alligation. method;
Rule of Alligation
Solved problems: In what ratio must a person mix three kind of tea each of
Ex1: In what proportion must rice at Rs3.10 per kg be mixed which has a price of 70, 80 and 120 rupees per kg, in such a
with rice at Rs3.60 per kg, so that the mixture be worth Rs3.25 way that the mixture costs him 100 rupees per kg?
a kg?
Solution: Solution:
Here the prices of tea are 70, 80 and 120 And mean price is
100.
Here, prices LOWER than the mean are 70 and 80. And prices
HIGHER than the mean is 120.
Thus possible pairs which can give mean value of 100 is: {70,
By the alligation rule : 120} and {80, 120}
they must be mixed in the ratio 7 :3. Let us denote tea of Rs. 70 with t70, tea of Rs. 80 with t80 and
tea of Rs. 120 with t120
Milk and Water
Ex2: A mixture of certain quantity of milk with 16 liters of We apply the old alligation rule to ALL (two in this case) the
water is worth 90 Peisa per liter. If pure milk be worth Rs1.08 pairs
per liter, how much milk is there in the mixture?
For the 1st pair (t70, t120)
t70:t120=20:30 Similarly, for the 2st pair (t80, t120)
r50:r95=15:30 r50:r95=15:30
t80:t120=20:20 t80:t120=20:20
t70:t80:t120=2:2:5
r60:r90=10:20r60:r90=10:20
And the mean price is 80.Here, prices LOWER than the mean
are 50 and 60. And prices HIGHER than the mean are 90 and
95.Thus possible pairs which can give mean value of 80 are:
{50, 95} and {60, 90}
We apply the old alligation rule to ALL (two in this case) the
pairs
Rule 4:
P gram of ingredient solution has a% ingredient in it. To
increase the ingredient content to b% in the solution
(1
17 : 3 (2) 9 : 1 (3) 3 : 17 (4) 5 : 3
)
Shortcut.
We are essentially replacing water in the mixture with pure
milk.
Let WO be the amount of water in the mixture originally = 8
litres.
Let WR be the amount of water in the mixture after the
replacements have taken place.
Let variety A cost Rs.20/kg, variety B cost Rs.24 / kg and
Then, = , where R is the amount of the mixture variety C cost Rs.30/kg. The mean desired price falls between
replaced by milk in each of the steps, M is the total volume of B and C.
the mixture and n is the number of times the cycle is repeated.
Q.2 In what ratio must a person mix three kinds of tea Note: This is a problem to be skipped, at least in the first go.
costing Rs.60/kg, Rs.75/kg and Rs.100 /kg so that the If you were able to solve at least 30 other problems in quant,
resultant mixture when sold at Rs.96/kg yields a profit of then you should look at this problem.
20%?
1:2:4 (2) 3 : 7 : 6 (3) 1 : 4 : 2 Q.4 How many litres of water should be added to a 30 litre
(4) None of these
mixture of milk and water containing milk and water in
Correct Answer - (3) the ratio of 7 : 3 such that the resultant mixture has 40%
water in it?
Solution:
The resultant mixture is sold at a profit of 20% at Rs.96/kg (1)7 litres (2)10 litres (3)5 litres (4)None of these
i.e. 1.2 (cost) = Rs.96 => Cost = = Rs.80 / kg.
Let the three varities be A, B, and C costing Rs.60, Rs.75 and Correct Answer - (3)
Rs.100 respectively.
Solution:
The mean price falls between B and C. 7:3 means 30% water
Hence the following method should be used to find the ratio in Added water which is 100%
which they should be mixed.
30% 100%
Step 1. Find out the ratio of QA : QC using alligation rule
Step 2. Find out the ratio of Q B : QC using alligation rule 40%
Step 3. QC, the resultant ratio of variety c can be found by
adding the value of QC in step 1 and step 2 = 1 + 1 = 2. (100-40) (40-30)
Solution:
If the selling price of mixture is Rs.30/kg and the merchant
makes a profit of 20%, then the cost price of the mixture =
Rs.25/kg.
We need to find out the ratio in which the three varieties are
mixed to obtain a mixture costing Rs.25 /kg.
container will have milk and water in equal proportions.
What is the value of x?
Solution: When you remove x litres from it, you will remove 0.4 x litres
Let the amount of Basmati rice being mixed be x kgs. As the of milk and 0.6 x litres of water from it.
trader makes 25% profit by selling the mixture at Rs.40/kg, his
cost /kg of the mixture = Rs.32/kg. Take choice (2). According to this choice, x = 10.
i.e. (x * 42) + (25 * 24) = 32 (x + 25) So, when one removes, 10 litres of the mixture, one is
removing 4 litres of milk and 6 litres of water.
=> 42x + 600 = 32x + 800
(1)4 litres (2)2 litres (3)1 litre (4)1.5 litres Correct Answer - (4)
Solution:
The problem can be solved by traditional method but it is
The mixture contains 40% milk and 60% water in it. That is
cumbersome process to do that. The problem is simple if its
4.8 litres of milk and 7.2 litres of water.
solution is simpler. Hence we will go for a simpler solution for
this kind of problem.
Now we are replacing the mixture with pure milk so that the
amount of milk and water in the mixture is 50% and 50%.That
There is a short cut method to find the Quantity of milk left
is we will end up with 6 litres of milk and 6 litres of water.
after nth operation
Water gets reduced by 1.2 litres.
Explanatory Answer
When "x" litres of pure milk is added, we will have 12 + x A.6 litres B.1 litres C.8 litres D.7 litres
litres of milk in the new mixture.
2 = 12
By Rule of Allegations
8 17
C. D.
So,
Q.16 Tea worth Rs. 126 per kg and Rs. 135 per kg are
mixed with a third variety in the ratio 1 : 1 : 2. If the
mixture is worth Rs. 153 per kg, the price of the third
variety per kg will be:
EXPLANATION
Since first and second varieties are mixed in equal
proportions.
A.3 : 7 B.5 : 7
C.7 : 3 D.7 : 5