PLANNING:

The process of assessing an organization's goals and creating a realistic, detailed plan of

action for meeting those goals.

Planning means looking ahead and chalking out future courses of action to be followed. It is a

preparatory step

Planning Process:

Establishment of objectives.

Establishment of Planning Premises

Choice of alternative course of action

Formulation of derivative plans

Securing Co-operation

Follow up/Appraisal of plans

Plans-goals Relationship:

Goal a desired future state that the organization attempts to realize

Plan A blueprint specifying the resources allocation, schedules, and other actions necessary for

attaining goal

A goal must be S.M.A.R.T.

Specific

Measurable

Achievable

Relevant
 Time-based

Types of Plans:

Marketing Plan - A marketing plan sets out how you are going to put your marketing strategy into

practice. The marketing plan ensures that everyone in the business knows what you are trying to

do and what they need to do to make it happen.

Production Plan - A production plan is that portion of your intermediate-range business plan that

your manufacturing / operations department is responsible for developing.

Financial Plan - it is a document that summarize the current financial situation of the firm,

analyzes financial activities.

Human Resources Management Plan - it that indicates the human resource needed of a company

detailed in terms of quantity and quality and based on the requirements of the companys

strategic plan.

ORGANIZING: organizing is the process of defining and grouping the activities and

establishing the authority and relationship among them -THEO HAIMANN

It is the function of management which follows planning. It is a function in which the

synchronization and combination of human, physical and financial resources take place.
 According to Chester Barnard, Organizing is a function by which the concern is able to

define the role positions

The organizing function is carried out once a plan, or an outline for how to achieve some

organizational goal, is in place. Many believe organizing is the most critical of managerial functions

because of its ability to help or hinder an organizational plan and thus profoundly affect

organizational success.

A manager performs organizing function with the help of following steps:

Identification of activities

Departmentally organizing the activities

Classifying the authority

Co-ordination between authority and responsibility

STAFFING:

May be defined as the management function that determines human resource needs, recruits,

selects, trains, and develops human resources for jobs created by an organization.

The managerial function of staffing involves manning the organization structure through proper

and effective selection, appraisal and development of the personnel to fill the roles assigned to

the employers/workforce.
THE STAFFING PROCEDURE

1. Human resource planning

2. Recruitment

3. Selection

4. Induction and Orientation

5. Training and Development

6. Performance Appraisal

7. Employment Decisions

8. Separations

Nature of Staffing Function:

Staffing is an important managerial function

Staffing is a pervasive activity

Staffing is a continuous activity

The basis of staffing function is efficient management of personnel

Staffing helps in placing right men at the right job

Staffing is performed by all managers

Staffing Process - Steps involved in Staffing:

1. Manpower requirements- The very first step in staffing is to plan the manpower inventory

required by a concern in order to match them with the job requirements and demands.

2. Recruitment- Once the requirements are notified, the concern invites and solicits

applications according to the invitations made to the desirable candidates.

3. Selection- This is the screening step of staffing in which the solicited applications are

screened out and suitable candidates are appointed as per the requirements

4. Orientation and Placement- Once screening takes place, the appointed candidates are

made familiar to the work units and work environment through the orientation programs.

5. Training and Development -Training is generally given according to the nature of activities and

scope of expansion in it. Along with it, the workers are developed by providing them extra benefits

of in depth knowledge of their functional areas.

6. Remuneration - It is a kind of compensation provided monetarily to the employees for

their work performances

7. Performance Evaluation - In order to keep a track or record of the behavior, attitudes as

well as opinions of the workers towards their jobs.

8. Promotion and transfer - Promotion is said to be a non- monetary incentive in which the

worker is shifted from a higher job demanding bigger responsibilities as well as shifting

the workers and transferring them to different work units and branches of the same

organization.
COMMUNICATION:

it is a two-way process of conveying intended meaning to another entity through the use

of mutually understood signs and semiotic rules.

To become a good manager, one must have a contingency approach at hand when it comes to

communicating with employees. An effective communication management is considered to be a

lifeline for many projects that an organization undertakes as well as any department of the

organization.

An effective communication process within the organization will lead to an increase in profits,

high employee satisfaction and brand recognition.

Communication Process:

1. Sender- the person who intends to

convey the message with the intention of

passing information and ideas to others is

known as sender.

2. Ideas- the subject matter of the

communication

3. Encoding since the subject of the matter is still theoretical, it is converted into words

and sentences.

4. Message channels- After encoding, the message is now ready for transmission through

the use of an appropriate communication channel (spoken words, body movements,

written words etc.,)

 5. Receive - The process of actual receiving of the message by the intended receiver. The

message may be initially received by a machine or by a person.

6. Decoding- the person who receive the message tries to convert in the same in such a way

he may extract the meaning to his complete understanding.

7. Feedback Ensuring the receiver has receive the message and understood in the same

manner as the sender is.

Why Is Effective Communication Important in Management?

To lead others, you must demonstrate effective communication skills. Otherwise, a

manager will lack the credibility to implement his employer's objectives, and struggle to rally

worker teams behind them. Managers who communicate well are also more likely to become

good problem solvers, which is an essential skill to function well in an international workplace

where diversity is increasingly the norm. Employees who show an aptitude at verbal and written

communication are more likely to advance up the corporate ladder, as well.

The Five W's of Communication Management:

What information is essential for the project?

Who requires information and what type of information is needed?

What is the duration of time required for the information?

What type or format of information is required?

Who are the person/s who will be responsible for transmitting the collated information?
Leading:

Leading is another of the basic function within the management process "Leading is the

use of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals" (Richard Daft)

If managers are effective leaders, their subordinates will be enthusiastic about exerting effort to

attain organizational objectives. The behavioral sciences have made many contributions to

understanding this function of management.

managers must first understand their subordinates personalities, values, attitudes, and

emotions. Studies of motivation and motivation theory provide important information about the

ways in which workers can be energized to put forth productive effort.

components make up the leading:

Motivating employees

Influencing employees

Forming effective groups

CONTROLLING:

control is a foreseeing action whereas earlier concept of control was used only when errors

were detected. Control in management means setting standards, measuring actual performance

and taking corrective action.

It is an important function because it helps to check the errors and to take the corrective

action so that deviation from standards are minimized and stated goals of the organization are

achieved in a desired manner.

Controlling involves ensuring that performance does not deviate from standards. Controlling

consists of three steps,

(1) establishing performance standards

(2) comparing actual performance against standards

(3) taking corrective action when necessary.

Elements in a control system:

(1) the characteristic or condition to be controlled

(2) the sensor

(3) the comparator

(4) the activator

This function of management concerns the managers role in taking necessary actions to

ensure that the work-related activities of subordinates are consistent with and contributing toward

the accomplishment of organizational and departmental objectives. Effective controlling requires

the existence of plans, since planning provides the necessary performance standards or

objectives.
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