Poojari's Institute of Science

JEE (Main) / MH-CET

7.EQUILIBRIUM

Single Correct Answer Type 10. 2

2.5 mL of 5 M weak monoacidic base ( = 1
1. The strongest conjugate base is 2
a) NO b) Cl c) SO2 d) CH3 COO 1012 at 25) is titrated with 15 M HCl in water at 25.
3 4
2. A certain buffer solution contains equal concentration of The concentration of H + at equivalence point is
and H. The for His 108. The pH of the buffer is ( = 1 1014 at 25)
a) 3 b) 8 c) 11 d) 14 a) 3.7 1013 M b) 3.2 107 M
3. forHCN is 5 1010 at 25. For maintaining a constant c) 3.2 102 M d) 2.7 102 M
pH = 9, the volume of 5 M KCN solution required to be added 11. For the reaction, PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) PCl5 (g), the position of
to 10 mL of 2 M HCN solution is equilibrium can be shifted to the right by
a) 2 mL b) 4 mL c) 8.2 mL d) 6.4 mL a) Doubling the volume
4. Which of the following is not a buffer solution? b) Increasing the temperature
a) 100 mL 0.1 M CH3 COOH + 50 mL 0.1 M CH3 COONa c) Addition of Cl2 at constant volume
b) 100 mL 0.1 M CH3 COOH + 50 mL 0.1 M NaOH d) Addition of equimolar quantities ofPCl3 and PCl5
c) 50 mL 0.1 M CH3 COOH + 100 mL 0.1 M NaOH 12. The p of a weak acid, HA, is 4.80. The p of a weak
d) 100 mL 0.1 M NH4 OH + 50 mL 0.1 M HCl base, OH is 4.78. The pH of an aqueous solution of the
5. Which is the best choice for weak base-strong acid corresponding salt, , will be
titration? a) 9.58 b) 4.79 c) 7.01 d) 9.22
a) Methyl red b) Litmus 13. The hydrolysis constant of a salt of weak acid and weak
c) Phenol red d) Phenolphthalein base is inversely proportional to
6. Which of the following is a conjugated acid-base pair? a) Ionic product of water
a) HCl, NaOH b) NH4 Cl, NH4 OH b) Dissociation constant of both weak acid and weak base

c) H2 SO4 , HSO4 d) KCN, HCN c) Dissociation constant of weak acid
7. Given the equilibrium system d) Dissociation constant of weak base
NH4 Cl() NH4+ () + Cl () 14. The pH of a 0.001 M NaOH will be
( = +3.5 kcal/mol). a) 3 b) 2 c) 11 d) 12
What change will shift the equilibrium to the right? 15. Which of these is a Lewis acid?
a) Decreasing the temperature a) AlCl3 b) NCl3 c) HCl d) O
b) Increasing the temperature 16. The equilibrium,
c) Dissolving NaCl crystals in the equilibrium mixture P4 () + 6Cl2 (g) 4PCl3 (g) attained by mixing equal
d) Dissolving NH4 NO3 crystals in the equilibrium mixture moles of P4 and Cl2 in a evacuated vessel. Then, at
8. 20 mL of 0.5 N HCl and 35 mL of 0.1 N NaOH are mixed. equilibrium,
The resulting solution will a) [Cl2 ] > [PCl3 ] b) [Cl2 ] > [P4 ]
a) Be neutral c) [P4 ] > [Cl2 ] d) [PCl3 ] > [P4 ]
b) Be basic 17. The solubility product of As2 S3 is 2.8 1072. What is the
c) Turn phenolphthalein solution pink solubility of As2 S3?
d) Turn methyl orange red a) 1.92 1015 mol/L
9. + = + . If initially the concentration of and b) 1.72 1015 mol/L
are both equal but at equilibrium, concentration of will c) 2.3 1016 mol/L
be twice of that of , then what will be the equilibrium d) 1.65 1036 mol/L
constant of reaction? 18. The pH of an aqueous solution containing [H + ]
a) 4 b) 9 c) 1 d) 4 concentration =3.0 103 M. The pH of the solution is
9 4 9

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 a) 2.523 b) 3.0 d) Occurs at high pressure and high temperature
c) 2.471 d) None of these 28. An electrolyte
19. Consider the reaction equilibrium, a) Gives complex ions in solution
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g); b) Dissolves in water to give ions
c) Is ionised in the solid state
= 198 kJ
d) Generates ions on passing electric current
On the basis of Le-Chateliers principle, the condition
29. For the reactions, H2 (g) + CO2 (g) CO(g) + H2 O(g) if the
favourable for the forward reaction is initial concentration of [H2 ] = [CO2 ] and mol/L of hydrogen
a) Lowering of temperature as well as pressure is consumed at equilibrium, the correct expression of is
b) Increasing temperature as well as pressure 2 2
c) Lowering the temperature and increasing the pressure a) b)
(1 )2 (2 + )2
d) Any value of temperature and pressure 2 (1 + )2
20. For the reactions, + + + , if the temperature is c) d)
1 3 (1 )2
increased then concentration of the products will 30. Solubility of Al(OH)3 = , will be
a) Increase b) Decrease a) 108 3 b) 27 3 c) 4 4 d) 27 4
c) Remains the same d) Become zero
31. A reversible chemical reaction have two reactants in
21. For the reaction, PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) PCl5 (g), the value of at
equilibrium. If the concentrations of the reactants are doubled
250 is 26. The value of at this temperature will be
then the equilibrium constant will
a) 0.41 b) 0.51 c) 0.61 d) 0.71
a) Be halved b) Also be doubled
22. For the reaction, 2NO2 (g) 2NO(g) + O2 (g), c = 1.8 c) Remains the same d) None of these
106at 185. At 185, the value of for the reaction, 32.
1
0.023 g of sodium metal is reached with 100 cm3 of
NO(g) + O2 (g) NO2 (g) is water. The pH of the resulting solution is
2
a) 0.9 106 b) 1.9 106 c) 7.5 102 d) 5.7 102 a) 10 b) 11 c) 9 d) 12
23. Partial pressure of , , and on the basis of gaseous 33. An aqueous solution in which the H + ion concentration is
system, + 2 + 3, are = 0.20, = 0.10, = 0.30and
greater than 107 M is said to be
= 0.50 atm. The numerical value of equilibrium constant is
a) Acidic b) Alkaline
a) 3.75 b) 18.75 c) 17.85 d) 15.87
c) Neutral d) None of these
24. If of Ag 2 S is 1017 , the solubility of Ag 2 S in 0.1 M
34. When ammonium chloride is added to ammonia solution,
solution of Na2 S will be
the pH of the resulting solution will be
a) 108 b) 5 109
a) Increased b) Seven
c) 1015 d) 1016
c) Decreased d) Unchanged
25. The equilibrium constant in a reversible reaction at a given
35. Which one of the following species acts as both Bronsted
temperature
a) Does not depend on the initial concentrations
acid and base?
b) Depends on the initial concentrations of the reactants a) H2 PO2 b) HPO23
c) Depends on the concentration of the products at c) HPO2
4 d) All of these
equilibrium 36. Le-Chatelier principle is applicable only to a
d) It is not characteristic of the reaction a) System in equilibrium
26. For the system; 3 + 2 , the expression for equilibrium b) System not in equilibrium
constant is c) Homogeneous reaction
[]3 []2 [] d) Heterogeneous reaction
a) b) 37.
[] []3 []2 The solubility product of Hg 2 I2 is equal to
[3][2] [] a) [Hg 22 ][I ] b) [Hg 2 ][I ]
c) d)
[] [3][2] c) [Hg 22 ][I ]2 d) [Hg 2 ][I ]2
27. 2 (g) + 2 (g) 2(g), = ve 38. Which of the following is not a characteristic property of
The reaction chemical equilibrium?
a) Remains unaffected by pressure a) Rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of backward
b) Occurs at 1000 atm pressure
reaction at equilibrium
c) Occurs at high temperature
b) After reaching the chemical equilibrium, the

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 concentrations of reactants and products remain a) ()12 b) ()12 c) () d) ()1
unchanged with time 43. The conjugate base of H2 PO
4 is
For (g) (g), is 102. If this reaction is carried a) H3 PO4 b) P2 O5 c) PO3
4 d) HPO24
c) out in the presence of catalyst, the value of 44. In the manufacture of NH3 by Habers process, the condition
decreases which would give maximum yield is
d) After reaching the equilibrium, both forward and N2 + 3H2 2NH3 + kcal
a) Low temperature and high pressure
backward reactions continue to take place
b) Low temperature, low pressure and low concentration of H2
39. What mole of Ca(OH)2 is dissolved in 250 mL aqueous solution
c) High temperature, low pressure and low concentration
to given a solution of pH 10.65, assuming full dissociation?
d) High temperature, high pressure and high concentration
a) 0.47 104 b) 0.48 104
45. Conjugate acid of HF2 is
c) 0.56 104 d) 0.58 104
a) H + b) HF c) F2 d) H2 F2
40. For the reaction,
46. The species among the following , which can act as an
2NO3 (g) 2NO(g) + O2 (g)
( = 1.8 106 at 184) acid and a base is
a) HSO 4 b) SO24 c) H3 O+ d) Cl
( = 0.00831 kJ/(mol K)
47. Which of the following factors will favour the reverse reaction
When and are compared at 184, it is found that
in a chemical equilibrium?
Whether is greater than less than or equal to a) Increase in the concentration of one of the reactants
a)
depends upon the total gas pressure b) Increase in the concentration of one or more products
b) = c) Removal of at least one of the product at regular time
c) is less than intervals
d) is greater than d) None of the above
48. The solubility product of a salt having general formula
41. At constant temperature, the equilibrium constant ( ) for the
decomposition reaction N2 O4 (g) 2NO2 (g) is expressed by 2, in water is 4 1012 . The concentration of 2+ ions
(4 2 ) in the aqueous solution of the salt is
= (1 2 )
a) 4.0 1010 M b) 1.6 104 M
Where, = pressure, =extent of decomposition. Which one of c) 1.0 104 M d) 2.0 106 M
the following statements is true? 49. Which will not affect the degree of ionisation?
a) increases with increase of a) Temperature b) Concentration
b) remains constant with change in and c) Type of solvent d) Current
c) increases with increase of 50. Which one of the following is least likely to act as a Lewis
d) None of the above base?
42. For the following reaction in gaseous phase a) I + b) I c) SCl2 d) PCl3
1
CO(g) + 2 O2 (g) CO2 (g) is

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 Poojari's Institute of Science
JEE (Main) / MH-CET
Date : 18/07/2014 TEST ID: 94
Time : 01:40:00 Hrs. CHEMISTRY
Marks : 200
7.EQUILIBRIUM

: ANSWER KEY :
Single Correct Answer Type 45) d 46) a 47) b 48) c
1) d 2) b 3) a 4) c 49) d 50) a
5) a 6) c 7) b 8) c
9) d 10) d 11) c 12) c
13) b 14) c 15) a 16) c
17) a 18) a 19) c 20) a
21) c 22) c 23) b 24) b
25) a 26) b 27) a 28) b
29) a 30) d 31) c 32) d
33) a 34) c 35) c 36) a
37) c 38) c 39) c 40) d
41) b 42) b 43) d 44) a

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 Poojari's Institute of Science
JEE (Main) / MH-CET
Date : 18/07/2014 TEST ID: 94
Time : 01:40:00 Hrs. CHEMISTRY
Marks : 200
7.EQUILIBRIUM

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

Single Correct Answer Type 7 (b)
1 (d) H4 Cl() NH4+ () + Cl (); = +3.5 kcal/mol
Strong conjugate base has a weak conjugate acid. Weakest This is the endothermic reaction hence, increasing the
conjugate acid is CH3 COOH. temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right.
3 (a) 8 (c)
5 10 2 (i)20 mL of 0.5 N HCl
pH = log(5 1010 ) + log [ / ]
+ 10 + 10 0.5N 1000 mL of 0.5 mol of HCl
200.5
9 = log(5 1010 ) + log HCl present in 20 mL= = 1.0 102
4 1000
On solving, = 2 mL (ii)35mL of 0.1 N NaOH
4 (c) 0.1 N 1000 mL of 0.1 mol of NaOH
Acidic buffer is a mixture of weak acid and its salt with 3.50.1
NaOH present in 35 mol =
strong base. Similarly, basic buffer is a mixture of weak 1000

base and its salt with strong acid. Hence, = 0.35 102
50 mL 0.1 M CH3 COOH + 100 mL 0.1 M NaOH does not Total volume = 20+35=55 mL
constitute a buffer solution because in this case Resulting mole in solution,
millimoles of acid are less than that of strong base, which (1.0 0.35)102 = 0.65 102 mol HCl
after reaction with strong base gives salt. Now, the HCl = H + + Cl
solution contains only strong base and salt but no weak [HCl] = [H + ] + [Cl ]
acid. Hence, no buffer is formed. 55 mL contains 0.65 102 mole of H + ions
0.65102 103 6.5
5 (a) 1000 mL = =
55 55
pH curve of strong acid with weak base is vertical over +]
pH = log[H = log(6.555)
the pH range of 4 to 7. = log 55 log 6.5 = 0.92
Due to acidic nature of solution the colour of
phenolphthalein becomes pink.
9 (d)
+ =+
0 0 At initial
2 2 At equilibrium
[][] 22
= [][] = =4

10 (d)
Weak monoacidic base e.g., OH is neutralised as follows
OH + HCl Cl + H2 O
The indicator that shows colour change within this range At equivalence point all OH gets converted into salt and
is suitable. Methyl red (pH range 4.4 to 6.5) is suitable remember! The concentration of H + (or pH of solution) is
indicator for titration of weak base strong acid. due to hydrolysis of resultant salt
6 (c) (BCl, cationic, hydrolysis here)
H2 SO4 H + + HSO
4 B+ + H2 O BOH + H+
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 1
(1 ) 5 sp sp 5
= or ( )
Volume of HCl used up 108 108
2.5215
= = = 7.5 mL 5 2.81072
25 = 108
Concentration of salt 5
conc.of base 22.5 1 = 25.93 1075
[BCl] = = 5(7.5+2.5) = 10 = 0.1
total volume = 1.92 1015 mol/L
2 18 (a)
= 1 =
pH = log[H + ]
( should be estimated whether that can be neglected or
= log(3 103 )
not)
= 3 log 3
on calculating =0.27 (significant, not negligible)
= 3 0.4771
[H + ] = = 0.1 0.27 = 2.7 102 M
= 2.5229
12 (c)
19 (c)
For salt of weak acid and weak base
1
= =
pH = 2 [log + log log ] Takes place Takes place
1 1
= 2 p + 2 p 2 p
1 with decrease with evolution
in number of of heat or
1 1
= 4.80 + 7 4.78 mole or increase in
2 2
= 7.01 pressure, temperature,
hence hence decrease
13 (b)
increase in in temperature
= pressure shifts shifts this

From this, it is clear that hydrolysis constant of a salt of equilibrium in equilibrium in
forward side. forward side.
weak and weak base is inversely proportional to
20 (a)
dissociation constant of both weak acid and weak base.
+ +
+
14 (c) 2 2
0.001 M of NaOH means [OH ] = 0.001 The reaction is endothermic so, on increase temperature
= 103 M pOH = 3 concentration of product will increase
pH + pOH = 14 pH = 14 3 = 11 21 (c)
15 (a) = ()g
Lewis acids are those species which can accept a lone pair Here, g = 1 and = 26
of electron. BF3 , AlCl3 , SnCl4 , FeCl3 etc. are Lewis acids. = 0.0812, = 250 + 273 = 523 K
NCl3 and are Lewis bases. HCl is acid according to = 26 (0.0812 523)1 = 0.605 = 0.61
the concept of Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry. 22 (c)
16 (c) Reaction is reverse and halved
For the reaction, 1
P4 () + 6Cl2 (g) 4PCl3 (g) = = 7.5 102
1.8 106
At t=0 1 1 0
23 (b)
At eq. (1 ) (1 6) 4 + 2 + 3
As (1 ) > (1 6) 3 0.30 (0.50)3
Hence, at equilibrium [P4 ] > [Cl2 ] = =
2 0.20 (0.10)2
17 (a) = 18.75
As2 S3 2As 3+ + 3S 2 24 (b)
5 mol/L 2 3
Let the solubility of Ag 2 S is .
sp = [As3+ ]2 [S 2 ]3
Ag 2 S 2Ag + + S 2
= (2)2 (3)3 2
= 108 5 Na2 S, being a strong electrolyte, dissociates completely
and provides
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 [S 2 ]=0.1 M Concentration of
[Ag + ] = [OH ] =
1103 1000
= 1 102
100
[S 2 ] = ( + 0.1) M
pOH = log[OH ]
sp = [Ag + ]2 [S 2 ]
= log(1 102 )
= (2)2 ( + 0.1)
=2
= 4 3 + 0.4 2
pH = 14 2 = 12
1017 = 0.4 2 33 (a)
[ Higher powers are neglected. ] In an acidic solution [H + ] > 107
= 5 109 mol L1 pH is less than 7.
26 (b) In an alkaline solution [H + ] < 107 , pH is greater than 7.
Equilibrium constant for the reaction,
34 (c)
3 + 2 , is
Due to common ion effect, rate of ionisation of NH4 OH
[]
= decreases, so power
[]3 []2
29 (a) [OH ] is obtained. Hence, pH value decrease.
H2 (g) + CO2 (g) CO(g) + H2 O() 35 (c)
Initial conc. 1 1 0 0 HPO2 2
4 + H2 O H2 PO4 + OH

At equilibrium (1 )(1 ) HPO2 3

4 + H2 O PO4 + H3 O
+

CO H2 O 2 H2 PO
2 is a conjugate base of H3 PO2 (a monobasic acid)
= = =
H2 CO2 (1 )(1 ) (1 )2 and does not give H + , HPO2
3 is a conjugate base of H2 PO3

30 (d) and does not ionise further, since H3 PO3 is a dibasic acid.
Al(OH)3 is a quaternary solute. It dissociates into Al3+ 37 (c)
and OH as Hg 2 I2 Hg 2+
2 + 2I

sp = [Hg 2+ 2
2 ][I ]
Al(OH)3 () Al3+ () + 3OH ()
38 (c)
Let solubility of Al(OH)3 be. There will be no effect on equilibrium constant ( ) in
presence of catalyst. So, statement (c) is wrong.
Al(OH)3 () Al3+ () + 3OH () 39 (c)
pOH = 14 pH = 14 10.65 = 3.35
3
pOH = log[OH ]
sp = [Al3+ ][OH ]3 3.35 = log[OH ]
[OH ] = 4.447 104 M
= ()(3)2 Ca(OH)2 = Ca2+ + 2OH
4.447 104 M
sp = 27 4 [OH ]
2
= [Ca(OH)2 ] = 2.2235 104 M
31 (c) Hence, in 250 mL, moles of
is a characteristic constant for the given reaction 2.2235 104 250
Ca(OH)2 =
32 (d) 1000
2Na + 2H2 O 2NaOH + H2 = 0.56 104
2 mol 2 mol 2 mol 40 (d)
Given,
0.023
mol
100
mol 2NO3 (g) 2NO(g) + O2 (g)
23 22400
= 1.8 106 at 184(= 457K)
= 1 10 mol = 4.46 103 mol
3
= 0.00831 kJ mol1 K 1
Thus, Na is the limiting reagent and decide the amount of
= ()g
NaOH formed.
1 mole Na give NaOH = 1 mol Where,
1 103 mole Na will give NaOH g = (gaseous products gaseous reactants)
= 1 103 mol =3-2=1

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 = 1.8 106 0.00831 457 HSO 2
4 SO4 + H
+

= 6.836 106 > 1.8 106 acid

47 (b)
Thus, >
A reaction which is in equilibrium, will shift in reverse or
42 (b)
backward direction when we increase the concentration of one
() or more products (from Le-Chateliersprinciple)
Where, No. of moles of gaseous products No. of moles 48 (c)
of gaseous reactants 2 2+ + 2
1 2
CO(g) O2 (g) CO2 (g)
2
1
sp = [2+ ][ ]2
1 1.5 2
If solubility be then
() sp = ()(2)2 = 4 3
()12 4 3 = 4 1012

()12 = 1 104 M

2+ = = 1 104 M
45 (d)
50 (a)
When a base accepts a proton, then an acid is formed.
Lewis bases are electron pair donor. I+ is electron
This acid is known as conjugated acid of that base. For
deficient, hence do not act as Lewis base.
example :
NH3 + H + NH4+
base conjugated acid
The conjugated acid of HF2 is H2 F2.
HF2 + H + H2 F2
base conjugated acid
46 (a)
The species which can accept as well as donate H + can act
both as an acid and a base.
HSO +
4 + H H2 SO4
base

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