Sie sind auf Seite 1von 12

Along with

the
nervous
system, the
______
system
coordinates
the various
activities of
body parts.

digestive
A)

endocrine
B)

circulatory
C)

respiratory
D)

excretory
E)

2 A moth sex attractant would be a _______.


hormone
A)

neurotransmitter
B)

pheromone
C)

steroid
D)

3 ______ are chemical messengers that are produced in one body region but affect a different
body region.

Enzymes
A)

Endocrines
B)

Neurotransmitters
C)

Nucleic acids
D)

Hormones
E)

4 The endocrine system is quicker than the nervous system.


True
A)

False
B)

5 Certain cells respond to one hormone and not to another, depending on their receptors.
True
A)

False
B)
6 Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream for transport to target organs.
True
A)

False
B)

7 Hormones are substances that fall into two basic categories:___________.


stimulator hormones and receptor hormones
A)

proteins and sugars


B)

male hormones and female hormones


C)

non-steroid (peptide) hormones and steroid hormones


D)

inter-organ and inter-organismic


E)

8 Non-steroid hormones are produced by the adrenal glands, the ovaries, and the testes.
True
A)

False
B)

9 The receptors for non-steroid peptide hormones are on the ______.


plasma membrane
A)

nuclear envelope
B)

DNA receptor complex


C)

peptide chain
D)

10 Non-steroid peptide hormones enter the cell.


True
A)

False
B)

11 Steroid hormones do NOT bind to plasma membrane receptors.


True
A)

False
B)

12 Steroid hormones lead to the ______ .


destruction of normal DNA
A)

replication of hormones by the cell DNA


B)

synthesis of new enzymes


C)
alteration of the Krebs cycle
D)

better health and longer life


E)

13 The pituitary is located beneath the thalamus in the brain.


True
A)

False
B)

14 The hypothalamus regulates ___________.


heart rate
A)

body temperature
B)

water balance
C)

glandular secretions
D)

all of the above


E)

15 The pituitary gland is divided into two portions: the posterior pituitary and the anterior pituitary.
True
A)

False
B)

16 The posterior pituitary stores and secretes _________.


ADH and oxytocin
A)

growth hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone


B)

estrogen and testosterone


C)

aldosterone and cortisone


D)

adrenalin and insulin


E)

17 ADH promotes the expulsion of water from the collecting duct, a portion of the nephron.
True
A)

False
B)

18 The function(s) of oxytocin is/are to ______________.


cause the uterus to contract
A)

induce labor
B)
stimulate the release of milk from the mother's mammary glands when her baby is
nursing.
C)

all of the above


D)

19 Hypothalamic releasing and release-inhibiting hormones are transported from the hypothalamus
to the anterior pituitary by way of __________.

the general bloodstream


A)

a portal system of blood vessels directly connecting the two organs


B)

direct contact between the two organs


C)

a cascade of release-inhibit-release-etc. interactions


D)

20 Hormones produced by the anterior pituitary that have a direct effect on the body, rather than
trigger another gland, are __________.

GH, prolactin, and MSH


A)

TSH, ACTH, and gonadotropic hormones


B)

testosterone and estrogen


C)

FH, LSH and progesterone


D)

21 GH promotes __________.
cell division
A)

protein synthesis
B)

bone growth
C)

all of the above


D)

22 Which hormone dramatically affects physical appearance?


gonadotropin-releasing hormone
A)

growth
B)

steroid
C)

male and female


D)

23 If the production of GH increases in an adult after full height has been attained, only certain
bones respond and result in acromegaly.

True
A)

False
B)

24 Prolactin is produced in quantity throughout every person's life.


True
A)

False
B)

25 In humans, MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) ___________.


regulates primary skin color
A)

causes the thyroid to produce thyroxin


B)

governs the rate of tanning


C)

concentration is very low


D)

26 An overproduction of GH in adults causes a condition called ______.


hyperthyroidism
A)

acromegaly
B)

a pituitary giant
C)

27 The parathyroid glands are located __________ .


below the thyroid, hence the name "para"
A)

above the thyroid, hence the name "para"


B)

imbedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland


C)
distant from the thyroid but named because there are two and they resemble the
D) thyroid glands

28 The thyroid gland is attached to the trachea just above the larynx.
True
A)

False
B)

29 If ______ is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland enlarges, producing a goiter.
thyroxin
A)

iron
B)

iodine
C)

calcium
D)

phosphorus
E)

30 Thyroxine and triiodothyronine, the thyroid hormones, do not have a specific target organ;
instead, they stimulate most of the cells of the body to metabolize at a faster rate.
True
A)

False
B)

31 If the thyroid fails to develop properly from childhood, a condition called ______ results.
goiter
A)

cretinism
B)

acromegaly
C)

pituitary dwarfism
D)

myxedema
E)

32 Hypothyroidism in adults produces a condition called _________ .


goiter
A)

cretinism
B)

acromegaly
C)

pituitary dwarfism
D)

myxedema
E)

33 In addition to thyroxine and triiodothyronine, the thyroid gland produces ________.


TSH
A)

ACTH
B)

calcitonin
C)

FSH
D)

gonadotropin-releasing hormone
E)

34 Calcitonin ____________.
regulates the calcium level in blood
A)

is balanced by the action of parathyroid hormone


B)

increases the deposit of calcium in bone


C)

all of the above


D)

35 Parathyroid hormone (PTH) ___________.


stops the absorption of calcium from the intestine
A)

stimulates the release of calcium by the kidneys


B)

causes blood calcium level to decrease


C)

causes blood phosphate level to decrease


D)

all of the above


E)

36 If insufficient PTH is produced, the blood calcium level drops, resulting in ______.
reduced growth in childhood or parathyroid dwarfism
A)

tetany, where the body shakes from continuous muscle contraction


B)

osteoporosis
C)

blood clotting
D)

exophthalmic goiter
E)

37 In tetany, the body shakes from continuous muscle contraction.


True
A)

False
B)

38 Calcium plays an important role in __________.


neural conduction
A)

muscle contraction
B)

blood clotting
C)

all of the above


D)

39 The adrenal glands consist of _________.


the inner and outer layer of the kidney
A)

the inner medulla and the outer cortex


B)

lower adrenal and upper paradrenal sections


C)

ACTH and BCTH sections


D)

40 The medulla and the cortex portions of the adrenal glands function together as a physiological
unit.

True
A)

False
B)
41 The adrenal medulla secretes ______ under conditions of stress.
norepinephrine
A)

epinephrine
B)

both of the above


C)

42 The adrenal ______ secretes a small amount of both sex hormones.


medulla
A)

cortex
B)

accessory gland
C)

43 Cortisol is a ___________.
sex hormone
A)

glucocorticoid
B)

mineralocorticoid
C)

44 ACTH controls the secretion of ___________.


cortisol
A)

aldosterone
B)

epinephrine
C)

testosterone
D)

45 Aldosterone regulates the blood sodium and potassium levels.


True
A)

False
B)

46 The primary target organ of aldosterone is _________.


the liver
A)

the pancreas
B)

the kidney
C)

all of the above


D)

47 The heart produces a hormone that acts to increase aldosterone.


True
A)

False
B)

48 Low levels of adrenal cortex hormones result in __________.


Addison disease
A)

Cushing syndrome
B)

diabetes
C)

tetany
D)

goiter
E)

49 A person with Addison disease ___________.


is unable to replenish blood glucose levels under stressful conditions
A)

develops dramatically more male features


B)

develops a rounded face and edema


C)

has overgrowth of hands and face


D)

all of the above


E)

50 A person with Cushing syndrome has a tendency toward diabetes mellitus.


True
A)

False
B)

51 The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine tissue.


True
A)

False
B)

52 The pancreatic endocrine tissues are called pancreatic islets.


True
A)

False
B)

53 There is/are ______ type(s) of diabetes mellitus.


one
A)

three
B)

two
C)
five
D)

54 The pancreatic islets produce __________.


insulin and glucagon
A)

pancreatin
B)

ACTH and aldosterone


C)

pancreatic digestive enzymes


D)

55 Insulin functions to __________.


promote the storage of nutrients
A)
lower the blood glucose level by stimulating liver, fat and muscle cells to metabolize
B) glucose

stimulate uptake of glucose by cells


C)

all of the above


D)

56 Glucagon increases the action of insulin.


True
A)

False
B)

57 In __________ diabetes the pancreas is NOT producing insulin.


type I
A)

type II
B)

type III
C)

all forms of
D)

58 It is believed that type I diabetes is brought on by an environmental agent, probably a virus.


True
A)

False
B)

59 Type II diabetes usually occurs in people who are obese and inactive.
True
A)

False
B)

60 In type II diabetes, insulin is produced but the live and muscle cells do NOT respond to it.
True
A)

False
B)

61 The ______ are the male sex hormones.


androgens
A)

estrogens
B)

aldosterones
C)

insulins
D)

pheromones
E)

62 Anabolic steroids are ______ forms of testosterone.


natural
A)

synthetic
B)

super-active
C)

ineffective
D)

63 The thymus increases in size with aging.


True
A)

False
B)

64 The thymus aids the differentiation of ______ cells.


red blood
A)

B
B)

T
C)

cancerous
D)

65 The _________ produces the hormone melatonin.


pituitary gland
A)

pineal gland
B)

thyroid gland
C)

pancreatic gland
D)

hypothalamus
E)
66 Melatonin is involved with circadian rhythms.
True
A)

False
B)

67 The family of chemical messengers that causes the pain and discomfort of menstruation are
___________.

ADH
A)

progesterones
B)

prostaglandins
C)

steroids
D)

68 _________ helps reduce pain because it inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins.


Cyanide
A)

Acetominophen
B)

Serotonin
C)

Aspirin
D)

Submit Answ ers

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen