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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.2 Objectives
The main aim of this project is to track the college buses which would give the exact
location of buses with the help of Google map.
Complete information namely the number of buses that go to the required destination,
bus numbers, bus timings, the routes through which the bus would pass, time taken
for the bus to reach, maps that would guide the passenger with his/her route and most
importantly, track the current location of the bus and give the correct time for the bus
to reach its bus stop.
CHAPTER 2
ENVIRONMENT STUDY
System configuration describes the hardware and software requirements of the system.
RAM : 4 GB
Android Phone
Android
Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel
and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Android's user interface is mainly based on direct manipulation, using touch gestures that loosely
correspond to real-world actions, such as swiping, tapping and pinching, to manipulate on-screen
objects, along with a virtual keyboard for text input. Android provides access to a wide range of
useful libraries and tools that can be used to build rich applications. For example, Android
enables developers to obtain the location of the device, and allows devices to communicate with
one another enabling rich peertopeer social applications. In addition, Android includes a full
set of tools that have been built from the ground up alongside the platform providing developers
with high productivity and deep insight into their applications.
Android SDK
ADT (Android Development Tools) is a plugin developed by Google. Its main purpose is for
developing Android mobile applications in Eclipse. It makes it easy and convenient for all the
Android developers working in Eclipse environment to quickly create Android projects and
debug the programs whenever needed.
Android Emulator
Android emulator is a virtual mobile device which is included in every Android SDK which
runs on the users computer. Android emulators are used to test Android applications, so there is
no need of any physical device. Android emulator supports Android Virtual Device (AVD)
configuration, which in itself is an emulator containing specific Smartphone Operating System.
Using AVD, one can easily test his applications. Any application running on an emulator can use
the services provided by the Android platform like play audio, store or retrieve data etc. But with
these features comes a few limitations. Neither does it support Bluetooth , nor does it support
SMS/MMS communication
Java
Android applications are developed using the Java language. As of now, thats really
your only option for native applications. Java is a very popular programming language developed
by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle). Developed long after C and C++, Java
incorporates many of the powerful features of those powerful languages while addressing some
of their drawbacks. Still, programming languages are only as powerful as their libraries. These
libraries exist to help developers build applications. Android relies heavily on these Java
fundamentals. The Android SDK includes many standard Java libraries as well as special
Android libraries that will help you develop awesome Android applications.
With many programming languages, you need to use a compiler to reduce your code down
into machine language that the device can understand. While this is well and good, different
devices use different machine languages. This means that we might need to compile our
applications for each different device or machine language in other words; our code isnt very
portable. This is not the case with Java. The Java compilers convert our code from human
readable Java source files to something called byte code in the Java world. These are
interpreted by a Java Virtual Machine, which operates much like a physical CPU might operate
on machine code, to actually execute the compiled code. Although it might seem like this is
inefficient, much effort has been put into making this process very fast and efficient. Android
applications run in a special virtual machine called the Dalvik VM. While the details of this VM
are unimportant to the average developer, it can be helpful to think of the Dalvik VM as a bubble
in which your Android application runs, allowing you to not have to worry about whether the
device is a Motorola Droid, an HTC Evo, or the latest toaster running Android.
MYSQL
SQL server exceeds dependability requirements and provides innovative capabilities that
increase employee effectiveness, integrate heterogeneous IT ecosystems, and maximizes capital
and operating budgets. SQL provides the enterprise data management platform our organization
needs to adapt quickly in a fast change in environment. With the lowest implementation and
maintenance costs in the industry, SQL delivers rapid return on the data management investment.
SQL server supports the rapid development of enterpriseclass business applications that give
our company a critical competitive advantage.
MySQL can be built and installed manually from source code, but it is more commonly
installed from a binary package unless special customizations are required. Though MySQL
began as a low-end alternative to more powerful proprietary databases, it has gradually evolved
to support higher scale needs as well.
Android is an operating system for mobile devices. It is mostly used for Smartphones,
like Google's own Google Nexus, as well as by other phone manufacturers like HTC and
Samsung. It has also been used for tablets such as the Motorola Xoom and Amazon Kindle Fire.
Android's kernel is based on Linux. Google says that over 1.3 million Android Smartphones are
sold every day, making Android the most popular mobile operating system, and also the most
popular operating system in general. It supports multitasking and two-dimensional and three-
dimensional graphics. Programs for Android, also called "apps", come from the Google Play
store. The Android programs have an extension of .apk. Android programs are built in Python, C,
C++, or Java programming languages but the UI is always made using Java and XML. There are
over 1,600,000 apps available for Android.
Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats (MPEG4, H.264, MP3,
AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF)
GSM Telephony (hardware dependent)
Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi (hardware dependent)
Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer (hardware dependent)
Rich development environment including a device emulator, tools for debugging,
memory and performance profiling, and a plugin for the Eclipse IDE.
CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Functional Requirements
We are using different types of mobile applications for tracking the vehicles in different
places of world. Some examples are:
An application has been implemented in Pune, named Pune Bus guide. This application
gives the way to the destination correctly.
Another application that was implemented in Mumbai, named M-IndicatorMumbai.
The application implemented in Delhi named Delhi Bus Navigator
The application developed in Bengaluru named Bangalore BMTC Info
We are using different types of vehicle tracking applications all over the world.
Existing systems are mainly used to track the public vehicles, no specific apps for college
bus tracking
Very costly
Not get exact position of the vehicle
More complicated
The details of the bus can not be seen by everyone at anytime and anywhere.
This project aims at developing a simple, easy to use, less costly android application for college
bus tracking. New system has following advantages over the existing system. The proposed
system provides the user to find exact location of the bus from where they are. The bus routes are
displayed in the user interface so the users can select the bus route which they want to travel. The
position of the bus is displayed in the Google map. The distance between the bus and the user is
also displayed so this application helps the students/staffs to be aware of where the bus is
exactly. Depending on the information like distance and position displayed in the Google map
the user can plan and start accordingly.
In this project, " College bus tracking assist-HiTracker we are going to track the location of
the bus using GPS and display it using Google map. In the user interface when the user selects
the bus route, the location of the bus, user, source, destination are displayed. Further distance and
time the bus takes to reach the user is also displayed. Looking into the details of the information
provided in the Google map the user can start accordingly.
Super admin
Bus admin
User
Module Description
Super admin
This module is provided for the super admin to add the new colleges and view the
bus admins. Super admin add the colleges with details such as college name, address,
contact no, principal, bus admin, username, password and expiry date. The super admin
login with the username and password which is already created when the system is
developed.
Bus admin
Admin can login to its account after authentication and authorization. Admin can
manage buses, manage drivers and manage users. Manage buses means he can add new
college buses , its details and he can track the bus. Manage drivers means he is adding
the drivers details into the database. Manage users. That is bus admin add the users into
the database. These are the basic functions of the bus admin.
User
User has to enter the user_id and college name to login into application. When the user is
login, the next page shows the Google map. On the map we can see the college buses of
that particular college. When we click on a particular bus then we will get details of that
particular college bus.
A brief description of the business to assess more possible factors which could affect the
study.
The part of the business being examined.
The human and economic factor.
The possible solution to the problem.
People are inherently resistant to change and computer has been known to
facilitate changes. An estimate should be made of how strong the user is likely to move towards
the development of computerized system. These are various levels of users in order to ensure
proper authentication and authorization and security of sensitive data of the organization.
CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM DESIGN
Design is the first step in the development phase for any engineering product or system.
Design is a creative process; a good design is the key to effective system. System design with the
system requirements specifications and converts it in to a physical reality during the
development. Important design factors such as reliability, response time, throughput of the
system, maintainability, expandability etc.. should be taken into account.
Procedural design is best used to model programs that have an obvious flow of data from
input to output. It represents the architecture of a program as a set of interacting processes that
pass data from one to another. The two major diagramming tools used in procedural design are
data flow diagrams and structure charts.
In this project three modules. The first module is super admin, it provided for the super admin to
add the new colleges and view the bus admins. The second module is bus admin. Admin can
manage buses, manage drivers and manage users. Manage buses means he can add new college
buses. The last module is user module. User has to enter the user_id and college name to login
into application. When the user is login, the next page shows the Google map.
The collection of input data is considered to be the more expensive part of the
system design. Since the inputs have to be planned in such a manner so as to get the relevant
information extreme care is taken to obtain the information. If the data going into the system is
incorrect then processing and output will magnify these errors.
Collection of needed information and data Conversion of data into computer accepted
form.
Verification of converted data.
Checking data for accuracy.
The output design has been done so the result of processing should be
communicated to the user. Effective output design will improve the clarity and performance of
outputs. Output is the main reason for developing the system and the basis on which they will
evaluate the usefulness of the application.
that the relationship with the end user is improved and thereby enhancing the process of decision
making.
Designing computer output should proceed in an organized, well thought out manner;thr
right output must be developed while ensuring that each output element is designed so that
people will find the system can use easily and efficiently. When analysis design computer output,
they should:
A relational database organizes data in tables (or relations). A table is made up of rows
and columns. A row is also called a record (or tuple). A column is also called a field (or
attribute). A database table is similar to a spreadsheet. However, the relationships that can be
created among the tables enable a relational database to efficiently store huge amount of data,
and effectively retrieve selected data.
The database design is a two level process. In the first step, user requirements are
gathered together and a database is designed which will meet these requirements as clearly as
possible. This step is called Information Level Design and it is taken independent of any
individual DBMS.
In the second step, this information level design is transferred into a design for the specific
DBMS that will be used to implement the system in question. This step is called Physical Level
Design, concerned with the characteristics of the specific DBMS that will be used. A database
design runs parallel with the system design. The organization of the data in the database is aimed
to achieve the following to major objectives are Data integrity and data independence.
Table 1-admin_tb
Table 2- adminreg
Table 3-manage_bus
Table 5- tbl_loc_details
Table 6 - usertb
A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an
information system, modeling its process aspects. A DFD is often used as a preliminary step to
create an overview of the system, which can later be elaborated. DFDs can also be used for the
visualization of data processing. A DFD shows what kind of information will be input to and
output from the system, where the data will come from and go to, and where the data will be
stored. It does not show information about the timing of process or information about whether
processes will operate in sequence or in parallel.
Symbols:
Level 0
request response
HiTracker
SuperAdmin Bus Admin
request response
user
details verification
SuperAdmin Login
view details verified login
Adminreg admin - tb
Figure 2
Verification
Figure 3
Level 3 - user
Verification
Details
User Login
Login
Track bus
tbl_loc_details manage_bus
Figure 4
CHAPTER 5
Implementation is the stage in the project where theoretical design is turned into working
system. The most critical stage is achieving a successful system and giving confidence on new
system for users that will work efficiently.
Careful planning
Careful investigation of the system constraints
Design the methods to achieve the changes
Evaluation of the changeover method
The implementation process begins with preparing a plan for the system. According to this
plan, the activities are to be carried out in this plan. Discussion has been made regarding the
equipment, the resources and how to test activities. Planning is the first task in the system
implementations. Planning means deciding on the method and the time scale to be adapted. At
the time of implementation of any system people from different departments and system analysis
involves.
They are confirmed to practical problem of controlling the various activities of people
outside their own data processing departments. The line managers controlled through an
implementation coordinating committee. The committee considers the ideas, problems and
complaints of user departments, it must also consider:
Testing Strategies:
To make sure that the system does not have any type of errors, many types of test
strategies are carried out at different levels of software development.
Unit Testing:
Unit testing is done in the system in which each module is checked separately. It focuses
on the modules in the proposed system to locate errors. This enables to detect errors in the
coding and logic that are contained within that module alone. This resulting from the interaction
between modules is initially avoided.
Output Testing:
After the performance of unit testing, the next step is output testing. No system would be
useful if it does not produce the required output in the specific format, thus output format on the
screen is found to be correct when the format was designed in the system phase according to the
user need. The output testing in this system is carried out by checking whether the person is
identified or not. The output screens are also tested to check whether it meets all the
requirements of the user.
Integration Testing:
System testing does not test the software as a whole, but rather than integration of each
module in the system. The primary concern is the compatibility of individual modules. One has
to find areas where modules have been designed with different specifications of data lengths,
type and data element name. Testing and validation are the most important steps after the
implementation of the developed system. The system testing is performed to ensure that there are
no errors in the implemented system. The software must be executed several times in order to
find out the errors in different modules of the system.
During the testing the tester places the role of the individual who desire to generate the
system. The tester may attempt to acquire passwords through external clerical means and may
attack the system with the custom software design to break down any defenses that have been
constructed. The tester may also overwhelm the system thereby denying service to others and
may purposely cause system errors to generate during recovery and may browse through
insecure data, hoping to find key to system entry.
CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION
"Android application for college bus tracking" tracks the location of the bus using GPS
and displays it on Google map. By fixing GPS enabled Android device in every bus, we can
track each bus from their current location. This application consists of both transmitter and
receiver inbuilt in android mobile phones. The transmitter is used to transmit the location and bus
status information to the server. The receiver is the user who can view the details regarding the
bus location using his smart phone via Google map. Considering the features of project such as
bus locator, updating the location of bus on Google map, notifications are provided if there is any
in the daily bus routine.
CHAPTER 7
In the College bus tracking assist-HiTracker, we are tracking the college bus and view
it on Google map. But we can add some more functionalities in this app like image capturing,
live video chat and fuel calculation. If the bus admin wants to chat with the bus driver, we fix a
camera on the bus then video chatting is possible. Like that image capturing is one of the
functionality we can add in future. Fuel calculation is performed by measuring the capacity of
petrol tank and distance moved by the bus.
CHAPTER 8
SCREEN SHOTS
Bus details
CHAPTER 9
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books:
1. El-Medany,W.;Al-Omary,A.;Al-Hakim,R.;Al-Irhayim,S.;Nusaif,M.,"A Cost
Effective Real-TimeTracking System Prototype Using Integrated GPS/GPRS
Module," Wireless and MobileCommunications(ICWMC),20 10 6th International
Conference on,vol.,no.,pp.521,525,20-25
2. Abed khan M.E.(Student), , Ravi Mishra, GPS GSM Based Tracking System
SSCET, CSVTU,Bhilai, India International Journal of Engineering Trends and
Technology- vol.3,no.,pp,161-164,2012
Web sites: