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EXPERIMENT NO: 1
AIM:
1. To study the MATLAB software and to find the applications of the software in the industrial
engineering.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
MATLAB software.
THEORY
You can use MATLAB for a range of applications, including signal processing and
communications, image and video processing, control systems, test and measurement,
computational finance, and computational biology. More than a million engineers and scientists
in industry and academia use MATLAB, the language of technical computing.
Fuzzy Logic
Global Optimization
Financial Derivatives
Fixed income
Optimization
Econometrics
Optimization
Statistics
Financial
Genetic Algorithm
PROBLEM:
A firm manufactures 2 products A and Bon which the profits earned per unit are Rs 3 and Rs 4.
Each product is processed on 2 machines M1 and M2.Product A require 1minute of processing
time on M1 and 2min on M2 while B require 1min on M1 and 1min on M2.Machine M1is
available for not more than 7hrs 30min while M2 is available for 10hrs during working time.
Find number of units of product A and B to be manufactured to get maximum profit.
x1 + x2 450
2 x1 + x2 600
x1 ,x2 0
PROCEDURE
Step 1
After installing the software double click the emblem to enter the main menu.
Step 2
Current
folder
Command History
Step 3
2. >>a=[-3,-4]
3. >>b =[1,1;2,1]
4. >>c=[450;600]
5. >>d=linprog(a,b,c)
2. Solver:linprog
From the above output, the optimum profit value =1800 is obtained from Optimization Tool box.
And the command window result shows the optimum unit produced. MATLAB software thus
gives the optimum solution.
The use of MATLAB application was done in order to find the optimum solution for the linear
programming problem, using operation research software and it is seen that the solution obtained
from MATLAB is identical to the final result of manual calculations. All steps and details of
optimization, using handmade calculations were done in order to present and describe the full
process and details of the linear programme modeling methods and also to prove that software is
accurate and efficient.
REFERENCES
1. MATLAB Tutorial
EXPERIMENT NO: 2
AIM:
1. To study the MVTA software and to find the applications of the software in industrial
engineering.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
MVTA software
THEORY:
MVTA Multimedia Video Task Analysis automates time and motion studies and ergonomic
analysis of visually discerned activities using a novel graphical user interface. MVTA was
developed by Dr. Robert G. Radwin and Dr. Thomas Yen at the University of Wisconsin-
Madison in cooperation with industry and government consortium members.
The software enables users to identify events interactively with the use of break points in the
video record (identifying the start and end of an event). The video can be analyzed at any speed
an in any sequence (real time, slow/fast motion or frame-by-frame in forward/reverse direction).
MVTA produces time study reports and computes frequency of occurrence of each event as well
as postural analysis.
The system can be used by industrial engineers, ergonomists, psychologists and other
professionals for a variety of applications including:
Activity Sampling
Event Analysis
Postural Analysis
Task Analysis
Work Sampling
Micro-motion Analysis
Left-hand/Right-hand Analysis
Behavior Observation
Elemental Analysis
MVTA provides the user to easily create and manage events in the analysis, The analyst can go
to breakpoints, change step intervals, move timeline cursor, change N-frame step intervals, etc.
Time study
Frequency report
Duration report
PROBLEM ANALYSIS
To undertake task analysis of a coir weaving task by using MVTA software. The task is recorded
by using a video camera.
PROCEDURE
After assigning breakpoints to each frame click on reports in menu bar to generate
necessary report.
The task analysis for a coir weaving task was conducted and the time study reports for each
record are obtained.
The joining operation took the maximum duration and disconnecting operation took the least
time. The wrist is in extended position for most of the time during the task. And the elbow was in
flex position for most of the time.
EXPERIMENT NO: 3
AIM:
2. To undertake a posture analysis for a material handling task under laboratory condition using
RULA Tool in CATIA.
SOFTWARE USED:
CATIA
THEORY:
Posture Analysis
Posture is the composite of positions of all joints of the body at any given moment. People adopt
postures to deal with the workplaces and surrounding environments that they find. The goal is to
perform an action or a task and the posture is chosen to achieve that goal. A posture is made
possible by internal structural change of the musculoskeletal system. Due to many degrees of
freedom that the musculoskeletal system has a large repertoire of postures and postural
adjustments are possible. Posture is influenced by the task, workstation, working tools design,
and the anthropometric characteristics of the workers. Together with the nervous system,
muscles, bones, and ligaments all work together to exert postural control.
Good posture distributes force through our body with minimum muscular effort and so that no
one structure is over stressed. Correct posture - Position in which minimum stress is placed on
each joint. Faulty posture - Is a faulty relationship of the various parts of the body which produce
increased strain on the supporting structures and in which there is less efficient balance of the
body over its base of support. Ideal posture is that which serves as a reference point. Ideal
posture is an alignment of maximum physiological and biomechanical efficiency, which requires
a minimum of stress and strain.
Is a straight vertical alignment of body from the top of head, through bodys centre, to the
bottom of the feet.
From a back view, the spine and head are straight, not curved to the right or left; the front view
of good posture shows equal heights of shoulders, hips, and knees; the head is held straight, not
tilted or turned to one side.
From a side view, good posture can be seen as an imaginary vertical line through the ear,
shoulder, hip, knee, and ankle. In addition, the three natural curves in back can be seen.
ABOUT CATIA
CATIA is the CAD/CAM/CAE commercial software suite developed by Dassault Systems and
marketed world-wide by IBM. It is commonly referred to as 3D PLM software. All stages of
product development are supported, from conceptualization, through design (CAD) and
manufacturing (CAM) until analysis (CAE).
CATIA is widely used throughout the engineering industry, especially in the automotive and
aerospace sectors, where Catia V4, Catia V5 and NX (Unigraphics) are the three dominant
systems. A multilevel-platform CAD/CAM/CAE software suite used across several disciplines
and these platforms are called Modules.
Infrastructure
Mechanical design
Analysis & simulation
AEC plant
Machining
Digital mockup
Equipment & systems
Ergonomic design & analysis
Machining simulation
Work benches are graphical interfaces with in a module to perform specific set of tasks with a
numerous no: of tools available. The different work benches in Ergonomic design & analysis
module are;
Human builder
PROCEDURE:
B. Take the photo or video of the activities carried out and identify the extreme posture.
2. Select Start > Ergonomic Design & Analysis > Human Builder
4. Select the father product, give new manikin name, select gender, percentile under
the heading manikin in the new dialog box that appears
6. New manikin appears then go to Start > Ergonomic Design & Analysis > Human
Activity Analysis
7. Select the posture editor icon in the new window that appears
8. In the new dialog box appear select the body part required to change the posture
and change accordingly
9. After obtaining the required posture go to Start > Ergonomic Design & Analysis >
Human Builder
10. Click on the insert a new load icon in the new window that appears
11. In the load definition dialog box that appears select the segment of body where
you want to apply load & give the loads
12. After applying load go to Start > Ergonomic Design & Analysis > Human
Activity Analysis
13. Click on the RULA Analysis icon in the new window that appears
14. In the RULA Analysis dialog box that appears select the appropriate side, check
the load
15. In the RULA Analysis dialog box click on >> icon to get the detailed RULA
score
17. In the properties dialog box select color heading under which select analysis as
RULA, elements to color check segments and surfaces, change type to detailed
PROBLEM
Lifting Of 20 kg weight
PROBLEM ANALYSIS
1. The final score of 7 suggests that investigation and changes should be brought in
immediately.
2. The different colour shown in CATIA helps us to decide, where the necessary changes
should be made which will turn the final score into acceptable one.
3. Human cannot stay in one posture for long period because this might introduce some risk
of injury due to fatigue.
4. The colour code in CATIA helps us to easily distinguish between the postures which are
acceptable and which needs further investigation.
REFERENCES
1. CATIA V5 workbook, Text by: Richard Cozzens Southern Utah University. Schroff
Development Corporation
3. http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/antrikshg-1933719-catia-v5-national-
technical paper/
4. http://accessengineeringlibrary.com/browse/catia-core-tools-computer-aided-three-
dimensional-interactive-application
EXPERIMENT NO: 4
AIM:
1. To study the TORA software and to find the applications of the software in the industrial
engineering.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
TORA software.
THEORY:
The TORA Optimization System is a Windows-based software designed for solving problems in
operations research using techniques of optimization such as simplex method, transportation
problem, queuing theory, game theory etc. The TORA Optimization System is Invented by
Vincent Park and M.Scott Corson from University of Maryland. The TORA software is written
for the IBM/PC/XT/AT and true compatible. It requires 512K RAM and MS-DOS 3.2 or higher.
TORA has a total of 8 modules- Linear equations, linear programming, transportation model,
integer programming, network models, project planning (PERT, CPM), queuing analysis, and
zero - sum games.
An important feature of the system is that it can be used to solve problems in a tutorial or
automated mode. The tutorial mode is particularly useful because it allows concentrating on the
main concepts of the algorithms while relieving us of the burden of the tedious computations that
generally characterize Operations Research algorithms. TORA is totally self-contained, in the
sense that all the instructions needed to drive the software are represented by menus, command
buttons, check boxes, and the like. It requires no user manual.
Linear programming
Transportation model
Integer programming
Network models
Project planning
Queuing analysis
Zero-sum games
PROBLEM:
Max Z=15x1+6x2+9x3+2x4.
7x1+ x4 70.
ALGORITHM:
OUTPUT:
Fig.3. Iteration 1
Fig.4. Iteration 2
Fig.5. Iteration 3
Here, x1 = 12
x2 = 4
x3 = 0
x4 = 0
REFERENCE
EXPERIMENT NO: 5
AIM:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
TORA software.
PROBLEM:
A company has factories at three different bases S1, S2, S3 which supply item to warehouse D1,
D2, D3. Monthly factory capacities are 140,160,120 respectively and monthly warehouse
requirements are 100, 160, and 70 respectively. Unit shipping costs (in rupees) are given in
following table. Using TORA Software determine the optimum distribution schedule, which
satisfies the requirements of all the warehouses.
Plant D1 D2 D3 Supply
S1 16 19 12 140
S2 12 13 19 160
S3 14 28 8 120
420
Demand 100 150 70 320
ALGORITHM:
OUTPUT:
S1 D1 40
S2 D1 10
S2 D2 150
S3 D1 50
S3 D3 70
- The final output obtained from Vogels Approximation Method, North- West Corner Method,
and Least Cost Method (for finding initial basic feasible solution) is the same. But number of
iterations required for finding the optimal solution using above methods is 1, 4, 3 respectively.
- Here in the output we can see that there is a dummy demand column. It is because the problem
given is an unbalanced transportation problem. TORA software helps eliminate manual effort to
determine whether a given problem is balanced or not.
TORA software thus gives the optimum cost of transportation requiring less time and effort. It
also helps in eliminating the errors which occurs when calculated manually.
REFERENCES
EXPERIMENT NO: 6
AIM:
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Microsoft Project (MSP) is a project management software program, developed and sold by
Microsoft. It is designed to assist a project manager in developing a plan, assigning resources to
tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads. MSP is available
mainly in 2 editions : Standard and professional .The latest version for windows is Microsoft
Project 2013.It is a robust management tool with right blend of power, usability and flexibility.
MS Projects proprietary file format is .mpp . Microsoft Project allows the project manager to
enter the tasks of a project(WBS) and assign workers. The program, which has many different
versions, allows users to:
Functions :
Budgeting
Reporting
Resource Management
Task Management
Traditional Project Management
PROBLEM:
Preceding
Activity Duration Activity
A 4 -
B 3 A
C 6 A
D 2 B
E 3 B
F 5 C,D
G 1 E,F
PROCEDURE
2. Basic formatting:
6. Project statistics
a. The overall project statistics can be viewed which gives overall duration of
project (16 days)
1. The critical path of the project was obtained from MSP as A-C-F-G.
EXPERIMENT NO: 7
AIM:
SOFTWARE USED:
PRIMAVERA
Oracle Primavera P 7 Enterprise Project Portfolio Management (P67EPPM) is a robust and easy-
to-use integrated solution for globally prioritizing, planning, managing, and executing projects,
programs, and portfolios. It optimizes role-specific functionality to satisfy each team member's
needs, responsibilities, and skills.Primavera P3, P6 are predecessors of Primavera P7.It is an
integrated construction project management product created for globally prioritizing, planning,
managing and executing projects, programs and portfolios. What if scenario modeling, capacity
analysis, tabular scorecards and optimization functionality, P7 enables users to align their
portfolios with their strategic objectives.
Share data with human capital, financial management, and enterprise resource
planning systems
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:
4. Give a suitable EPS ID and EPS name and click on close button. A new EPS is
created.
1. Go back to project window and select the new EPS created and click on add button on the
directory.
2. A new wizard named create a new project opens. In the window opened select the EPS
level for the new project. Click on the next button.
3. Enter the project ID and project name the project ID is a short, unique identifier for your
project. Click on the next button.
4. Specify the start date and must finish by date for the project. The must finish by date is
the date by which all project activities must finish. If entered, it is used as the project late
finish date by the project schedule. Click on the next button.
5. Identify the responsible manager. The responsible manager you select will be at the top
of the organizational breakdown structure (OBS) for the project. Click on the next button.
6. Specify the default rate type for new assignments. Click on the next button.
7. Do not run the project architect (If the finish date is not assigned). The project architect
allows you to create a project plan from one or more methodologies in methodology
management. Click on the next button.
8. Now your new project is created. To modify your project properties and define
properties, not covered by this wizard. Click on the enterprise menu and then click
projects. Click on the finish button.
9. Now right click on the new project created and click on open project.
10. Activity window will open here we can add our activities by clicking on the add button.
11. A new wizard named new activity appears. Here enter activity ID and activity name.
The activity ID uniquely identifies the activity. Click on next button.
12. Select a WBS element for this activity. The WBS is a hierarchical arrangement of the
products and services produced by a project. Project responsibilities are assigned via
WBS. Click on next button.
13. Choose an activity type for this activity. Use task dependent for most activities. Use
resource dependent when the resource availability controls the activity schedule.
Milestones are zero duration activities which mark significant project events. Level of
effort activities have durations which are driven by other activities. Administration
activities are examples of level of effort. Click on next button.
14. Assign one or more resources to this activity by clicking on the assign button. A new
window opens, select suitable resource and close the window. Repeat the same steps if
more resources are to be assigned for the same activity. Click on the next button.
15. Choose a duration type for this activity. Fixed duration and units/time activities will take
the same amount of time no matter what resources are assigned to it. Fixed unit activities
require a fixed amount of work and will be finished faster if more resources are assigned.
Fixed units/time activities have resources with fixed productivity output per time period.
Fixed duration and units activities indicate that neither the activities duration nor units
will change regardless of the number of resources assigned to the activity. Click on the
next button.
16. Estimate the duration end total work effort to be performed in this activity. Labor units
and non labor units are the number of labor and non labor units needed to complete the
activity. Duration is the amount of working time it will take to complete the activity.
Click on next button.
17. Assign the predecessor and successor activities by clicking on yes, I would like to to
configure relationships now and click on next button.
18. Assign predecessor to this activity according to the data given. Predecessor activities
logically precede the current activity. In most cases the current activity cannot start until
predecessor activities are completed. Predecessors are assigned by clicking on the assign
button choose the predecessor activity from the open window and click close button.
Click on next button.
19. Assign successor activity here only predecessors are assigned hence click on the next
button without assigning any successors.
20. Now the wizard will ask would you like to configure more activity details.
-project expenses
-activity codes
Here we are not adding more details hence click on no, thanks and click on next button.
21. Finally congratulations wizard appear indicates you have successfully added a new
activity. You may update information for this activity at any time from the activity grid
and click on the finish button.
22. Similarly other activities are created by repeating the steps from 10 to 21.
Scheduling
23. Schedule the activities by clicking tools schedule. Now the activities are scheduled
and the Gantt chart is displayed automatically.
24. The network diagram can be obtained by clicking on the activity network button on the
directory.
25. The total float is automatically calculated and displayed and the values are auto-saved.
DATA ANALYSIS
Draw the network diagram and find the finish data and critical path. Apply the resources
to the activities.
5. The start time and finish time is calculated and also the total float.
6. The gantt chart is created and the critical activities were identified.
7. The allocated resources are over allocated so have to level the resources.
8. Primavera is a very useful tool for project managers for doing projects.
REFERENCES: