Water

ASSIGNMENT
1. Fill in the blank spaces by choosing the correct words from the list given below :
List : heat capacity, respiration, one to two per cent, density, photosynthesis,
underground, growth, pollution, soap, temporary.
(i) Plants use large amount of water during .......................................... .
(ii) The specific ................................................. of water is 4.2 J/gC.

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(iii) Spring water is an example of .................................................. water.
(iv) Dissolved oxygen in water is the source of ............................... for water animals.

and plants.
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(v) Dissolved salts in water are very important in the ............................... of animals

(vi) A sample of clear water which is free from germs, bacteria and contains

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............................................... of dissolved salts is called potable water.
(vii) Untreated discharge from industries causes water ................................................

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(viii) Water has maximum ............................................. at 4 C.

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(ix) A sample of water which lathers freely with ............................... is called soft water.
(x) ................................................ hardness can be removed by boiling water.

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2. Statements given below are incorrect. Write the correct statements.

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(i) A sample of ground water which forms scum with soap solution, is called soft water.
(ii) Dissolved sulphur dioxide present in rain water dissolves chalk and makes it
temporarily hard.
(iii) Potable water is not fit for human consumption.
(iv) Human body contains about seventeen per cent of water by weight.
(v) Distilled water is a colourless liquid having a good taste.
(vi) Ice is used for cooling soft drinks, because, it has the highest specific heat capacity.
(vii) The gaseous form of water present in air at room temperature is called steam.
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 (viii) River water is an example of underground water.
(ix) Sea water contains only dissolved sodium chloride.
3. Write the correct word/words in front of the statements from the list given below :
List : potable water, calcium hydrogen carbonate, distillation, insecticides, carbon
dioxide, distilled water, magnesium sulphate, saline water, washing soda.

(i) A gas dissolved in water, which dissolves limestone.

(ii) A chemical used by farmers to kill insects which cause water pollution.

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(iii) Name of water fit for human consumption.
(iv) 100% pure water, but unfit for human consumption.
(v)
(vi)
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A salt of a metal which makes water temporary hard.

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A salt of a metal which makes water permanent hard.

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(vii) A sample of clear water containing more than 2% of dissolved salts.

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(viii) A chemical used for softening permanent hard water.
(ix) The process of obtaining pure water from saline water.

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4. Write true/false in front of the statements given below :

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(i) Dysentery is caused by saline water.
(ii) Steam has the highest specific heat of 540 calories/g.

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(iii) Zinc carbonate makes water permanently hard.
(iv) Sea water contains 3.5% of common salt.
(v) Hard water is good for irrigation.

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(vi) Soft water is unfit for washing very dirty clothes.

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(vii) Dissolved salts in potable water cause harm to human organs.
(viii) Plants need large amount of water during photosynthesis.
(ix) Water has a density of 1 g cm3.
(x) Discharge of hot water in rivers leads to thermal pollution.
5. Choose the most appropriate answer.
(i) Well-water is an example of :
(a) rain water (b) river water
(c) surface water (d) underground water

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 (ii) River water is made potable by :
(a) sedimentation and decantation
(b) sedimentation, decantation and filtration
(c) sedimentation, decantation, filtration and chlorination
(d) distillation
(iii) Temporary hardness in water is caused due to the presence of :
(a) magnesium bicarbonate only (b) calcium bicarbonate only
(c) both magnesium and calcium bicarbonate
(d) calcium carbonate only

(a) distilled water

(c) potable water
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(iv) A sample of water which lathers freely with soap, is called :
(b) soft water
(d) filtered water

A A
(v) A sample of water which forms scum with soap solution, is called :
(a) saline water (b) polluted water

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(c) hard water
N (d) spring water

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(vi) One of the causes of water pollution is because farmers use :
(a) excessive manure (b) excessive fertiliser

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(c) excessive water (d) excessive seed
(vii) Temporary hardness of water can be removed by :

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(a) decantation (b) filtration
(c) boiling (d) treating with common salt
(viii) The specific heat capacity of water is :

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(a) 4.2 J/kgC (b) 4200J/kgC

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(c) 2400 J/kgC (d) 2.4 J/kgC
(ix) The percentage of water in the human body is :
(a) 20% (b) 70%
(c) 80% (d) 65%
(x) Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of :
(a) calcium chloride (b) calcium bicarbonate
(c) calcium sulphide (d) calcium carbonate
6. Explain how water is useful in sustaining human life?
7. Explain how water is useful in sustaining plant life?
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 8. (i) Rain water is considered the purest form of natural water. Name any two gases,
which dissolve in rain water, before it reaches the ground.
(ii) State the importance of each of the above gases dissolved in water.
9. (i) Name any two important sources of underground water.
(ii) Is underground water fit for drinking? Give a reason for your answer.
10. (i) Name three soluble impurities present in river water.
(ii) Name three insoluble impurities (suspended impurities) present in river water.
11.

12.
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(i) Name the main salt dissolved in sea water and state its percentage.

B
(ii) Why is sea water unfit for drinking or irrigation?

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(i) What is the percentage of fresh water available for the living beings on the land

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mass of the Earth out of the total amount of water present on the Earth?
(ii) To what use is the fresh water put to by human beings?
13. Write a short note on the water cycle.

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14. Draw a neat and fully labelled diagram for obtaining distilled water in the laboratory.

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15. State any four qualities of potable water.

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16. State two ways by which small quantities of clear water can be made potable.

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17. How is river water made potable on a large scale? Diagram not required.

(i) What is saline water?

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(ii) Why is sea water not potable?

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(iii) How is sea water or saline water made potable?
(iv) Why is distilled water not potable?
19. State five physical properties of pure water.
20. What do you understand by the following terms?
(i) Soft water
(ii) Hard water
(iii) Temporary hard water
(iv) Permanent hard water
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21. (i) Name two chemicals, which cause temporary hardness of water.
(ii) Name four chemicals, which cause permanent hardness of water.
(iii) How does water become temporary hard in nature?
(iv) How can you remove temporary hardness of water?
(v) How can you remove permanent hardness of water?

22. State three disadvantages of hard water.

23. (i) Briefly explain how ground water gets polluted by the defecation of humans and

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animals.

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(ii) How can the pollution of water due to defecation be minimised?

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(i) How do agricultural operations contribute to the pollution of ground water?

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(ii) How can the pollution of water due to agricultural operations be minimised?
(i) How do industrial activities contribute towards ground water pollution?

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(ii) How can the pollution of water due to industrial activities be minimised?

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