Vibration Absorber

Name: Sudipta Pal

Roll no: ME1418
Subject: AMV
Date: 05-
05-05-
05-2017
Content
Classification of vibration
Significance of vibration
Eliminating vibration
Absorption of Vibration
Vibration Absorber
Modelling of Dynamic vibration absorber
Design consideration of Absorber
Tuned Mass absorber
Application of Tuned mass Absorber
Classification of vibration
Significance of Vibration
to reduce excessive deflection and failure of
machines and structures

any discomfort to human body by controlling

unwanted noise and uncomfortable motion.

To improve performance efficiency of a certain

machinery or process by suppressing vibrations.

To make diagnosis of machinery by condition

monitoring, fault diagnosis and prognosis

Vibration is studied to stimulate earthquake for

geological research and conduct studies in
design of important structures such as nuclear
reactor.
 Eliminating Vibrations

Avoiding resonance.
Balancing or control of excitation forces.
Adequate damping.
Vibration isolation.
Absorption of vibration using vibration absorber.
Avoiding Resonance
if the frequency of external excitation is kept away from systems natural
frequency by choosing system parameters such that its natural frequency
lies far away from frequency of excitation force or system is operated at
lower or higher side of its natural frequency then vibration amplitude will not
build up.

This is called detuning.

Balancing or Control of Excitation Forces

In rotating type of machines like turbines, motors, I.C. engines centrifugal force
due to unbalance is a common cause of harmonic vibration.

The vibration due to unbalance can be controlled by incorporating a balancing

mass opposite to unbalance mass which nullifies the effect of centrifugal force
and thus controls undesirable vibration of machine.
 Adequate Damping
The dissipation of energy of systems vibration is known as damping. Damping effect
is basically an inertia property of system elements. Damping reduces the amplitude of
vibrations in a system.
The elements which are used to absorb the energy of vibration are called damping
elements and they are widely used to control vibration within permissible limits.
Vibration Isolation
The objective of vibration isolation is to reduce the vibrations in some specific
portion of the receiver structure.

The idea is to hinder the spread of vibrations along the path from the source to
the receiver.

It can be provided in a machine by use of metallic springs, elastomeric

mounts, resilient pads and inertia blocks.
Vibration Isolation
The objective of vibration isolation is to reduce the vibrations in some specific
portion of the receiver structure.

The idea is to hinder the spread of vibrations along the path from the source to
the receiver.

It can be provided in a machine by use of metallic springs, elastomeric

mounts, resilient pads and inertia blocks.
Absorption of Vibration Using Vibration Absorber

Dynamic vibration absorber(DVA) consists of an auxiliary mass

attached to a vibrating system, in order to reduce the vibration amplitude
of the system.

The basic principle of operation of a DVA is to generate vibration out-of-

phase (opposite to) with the vibrating system, thereby applying a
counteracting force, resulting in reduction of the vibration amplitude of
the vibrating system.
 Vibration Absorber

Vibration absorber is a spring-mass system added

to a device to protect it from steady state harmonic
disturbance.

The major effect of adding the second mass-spring

system is to change from single degree of freedom
system to a two degree of freedom system.

The new system has two natural frequencies. The

value of the absorber mass and stiffness are
chosen such that the motion of the original mass is
a minimum. This is accompanied by substantial
motion of the added absorber system.
Modelling of a SDOF system with
Dynamic Vibration Absorber (DVA)
(DVA)
SDOF system with which a dynamic vibration absorber (in the form of a lumped
mass and a spring with complex stiffness) is attached.

The complete system is shown in figure 1 and 2. with two variations of the same
system

Figure 1: Dynamic vibration absorber Figure 2: Dynamic vibration absorber

Modelling of DVA

Design of DVA involves suitable choice of the following three parameters

Modelling of DVA
Modelling of DVA
Modelling of DVA

Transmissibility vs frequency
 Design of Vibration Absorbers

Objective:
To reduce the vibration of a primary device by adding an
absorber to the system

Applications:
Reciprocating machines
Building excited by an earthquake
Transmission lines or telephone lines excited by wind blowing
Design of Vibration Absorbers

We are trying to minimize the amplitude of vibration of mass m .

Mass m is subjected to a harmonic force excitation.

Mass ma is subjected to harmonic base excitation by mass m.

Design of Vibration Absorbers

Using the method of undetermined coefficients we guess solution in the form:

Amplitude of vibration of mass m:

Amplitude of vibration of mass ma

Design of Vibration Absorbers

Amplitude of vibration of mass m:

Amplitude of vibration of mass ma

Design of Vibration Absorbers
X can be made zero by making the natural frequency of absorber (before it is added to the mass
m) equal to the excitation frequency:

2 The motion of mass m is absorbed by

ka ma = 0 the motion of the ma

Then the amplitude of vibration of absorber Xa will be:

F0
Xa =
ka

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 How vibration absorber works

Vibration absorber is applied to the machine whose operation

frequency meets its resonance frequency.
Vibration absorber is often used with machines run at constant
speed or systems with const. excited freq., because the
combined system has narrow operating bandwidth.
 Damping in vibration absorption

Damping can reduce the resonance amplitude of the system

Amplitude at operating point increase with increasing damping
 Tuned absorbers
Useful for reducing vibration levels in those systems in which an excitation
frequency is close to or coincides with a natural frequency of the system
The principles of un-damped and damped tuned absorbers can be
understood by outlining first the analysis of the damped absorber
Un-damped absorber as a special case.
 Effect of TMD on Vibrations

decay curve of structure with no decay curve of structure with a

damper damper

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 Implementations

Tuned mass dampers are mainly used in the following applications:

Tall and slender free-standing structures (Skyscrapers, bridges,

chimneys, TV towers)

Tall and slender free-standing structures (Skyscrapers, bridges,

chimneys, TV towers)

Bidges and pedestrian bridges

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Applications

Tuned mass dampers beneath

Vibration absorber in the the bridge platform
transmission lines
 Applications
Largest Tuned Massed Damper (TMD) in the world-730 tons and 5.5 m diameter
TMD on different structures
IN BRIDGES IN STADIUM

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Other Skyscrapers with TMDs
Citicrop Centre, New York
John Hancock Tower, Boston
CN Tower, Toronto
Chiba Port Tower, Japan
The worlds largest building in present the BURZ
KHALIFA is equipped with 11 different TMDS to to
control the vibrations.

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