Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Dr. JitendraAwasthi
Department Of Mathematics, S.J.N.P.G.College, Lucknow-226001
Abstract
This paper deals with a new class T (, , a, b; c) that is a subclass of uniformly starlikefunctions
involving a linear operator L (a, b; c). Coefficients inequality, Distortion theorem, Extreme points,
Radius of starlikeness and radius of convexity for functions belonging to this class are obtained.
Key words: Univalent, starlike, convex, analytic, linear operator.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 30C45.
1. Introduction
Let T denote the family of functions of the form
(1.1) f ( z ) a1 z a n k z n k , (a1 0, a n k 0, k 0,1,2,....)
n2
(1.2) ( f * g )( z ) a1 z a n k bn k z n k
n2
(n ) 1, n 0
(1.4) ( ) n
( ) ( 1)...( n 1), n N .
Now we introduced a linear operator L(a,b;c) which is defined as
L(a, b; c) f ( z ) (a, b; c; z ) * f ( z )
Thus for f ( z ) T
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(a) n1 (b) n1
(1.5) L(a, b; c : z ) f ( z ) a1 z an k z nk , k 0,1,..., z .
n 2 (n 1)!(c) n 1
For b=1, the operator L(a,b;c) reduces toL(a;c) which was introduced and studied by Carlson
& Shaffer[1].
We note that L(a,1;a)f(z) = f(z), L(2,1;1)f(z) = zf(), L(m+1,1;1)f(z)= (),where
D m f (z ) is the Ruscheweyh (Ruscheweyh, 1975), as
z
(1.6) D m f ( z) * f ( z ), m 1.
(1 z ) m 1
This is equivalently
z d m m1
D m f ( z) {z f ( z )}
m! dz m
For 0 and -1 <1, we introduced a subclass T (,,a,b;c;z) of T consisting of functions
f(z) of the form(1.1) and satisfying the condition
z{L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z )}' z{L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z )}'
Re 1 , z .
L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z ) L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z )
For a1 =1,b=1,k=0,T (,,a,b;c;z) reduces to TS (,,) which was defined and studied by G.
Murugusundaramoorthy (Murugusundaramoorthy et al., 2004).
The main object of this paper is to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the functions
f(z) T (,,a,b;c;z). Furthermore we obtain extreme points, distortion bounds, Closure
properties, radius of starlikeness and convexity for f(z) T (,,a,b;c;z).
2. Coefficients Inequality
Theorem2.1: A necessary and sufficient condition for f(z) of the form (1.1) to be in the
class T (,,a,b;c;z), -1 <1, 0 is that
(a) n 1 (b) n 1
(2.1) [(n k )(1 ) ( )] (n 1)! (c)
n2
a n k (1 )a1 .
n 1
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z{L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z )}'
(1 ) 1
L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z )
(a ) n 1 (b) n 1
a1 z (n k )a n k z n k
n2 ( n 1)! ( c )
(1 )
n 1
1
(a ) n 1 (b) n 1
a1 z ank z nk
n 2 ( n 1)! (c ) n 1
(a) n 1 (b) n 1
(n 1)!(c)
n2
(n k 1) a n k
(1 )
n 1
(a) n 1 (b) n 1
a1 ank
n 2 ( n 1)! (c) n 1
(a) n1 (b) n1
Or [(n k )(1 ) ( )] (n 1)!(c)
n2
an k (1 )a1 .
n 1
Conversely let (2.1) holds. Using the fact that Re () > if and only if |-(1+)|<|+(1-)|, it is
enough to show that
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(a) n 1 (b) n 1
a1 z (n k )a n k z n k (1 )a1 z
1 n 2 ( n 1)! (c ) n 1
L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z ) (a) n 1 (b) n 1 (a) n 1 (b) n 1
(1 ) a n k z n k a1 z (n k 1)a n k z n k
n 2 ( n 1)! (c ) n 1 n 2 ( n 1)! (c ) n 1
Thus
z
(2.2) E ( 2 ) a (n k 1 ) (n k 1) (a) n1 (b) n1 (a) nk
(n 1)!(c) n1
1
L(a, b; c; z ) n2
Thus
z
(a) n1 (b) n1
(2.3) F 1 (n k 1 ) (n k 1)
a ank
L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z ) n2 (n 1)!(c) n1
Now, from (2.2), (2.3), it follows that
2z
(a) n1 (b) n1
(2.4) E F (1 )a1 (n k )(1 ) ( ) ank
L(a, b; c; z ) f ( z ) n2 (n 1)!(c) n1
(1 )a1
(2.6) a n k , n 2.
(n k )(1 ) ( ) (a) n1 (b) n1
(n 1)!(c) n 1
Corollary 2.3: If f (z) T (,,a,b;c;z),thenfor any c>-1, the function g(z)defined as
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c 1
z
(2.7) g ( z ) c t c 1 f (t )dt
z 0
Also belong to T (,,a,b;c;z).
Proof: From (2.7) it follows that
c 1
g ( z ) a1 z nk
a n k z .
n2 c n k
Then (2.1) yields the result.
3. Distortion Theorems
Theorem3.1: If f (z) T (,,a,b;c;z), then for
(1 )c k 2 (1 )c k 2
(3.1)a1 z z f ( z ) a1 z z
{2 k (1 )}ab {2 k (1 )}ab
and
(1 ) k 2 (1 ) k 2
(3.2)a1 z z L(a, b; c) f ( z ) a1 z z
{2 k (1 )} {2 k (1 )}
(a) n1 (b) n1
By the fact that is non-decreasing for n 2.Then
(c) n1
ab
(a) n1 (b) n1
{2 k (1 )}
c n2
a nk
n2
[(n k )(1 ) ( )]
(n 1)!(c) n1
ank
(1 )a1 .
(1 )ca1
Or, a
n2
nk
{2 k (1 )}ab
Therefore
(1 )c k 2
(3.3) f ( z ) a1 z z
{2 k (1 )}ab
and
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(1 )c k 2
(3.4) f ( z ) a1 z z
{2 k (1 )}ab
From (3.3) and (3.4) inequality (3.1) follows.
Further, for f (z) T (,,a,b;c;z),inequality (2.1) gives
(a) n1 (b) n1
{2 k (1 )} an k (1 )a1 .
n 2 (n 1)!(c) n 1
(a) n1 (b) n1 (1 )a1
Or, (n 1)!(c)
n2
ank
{2 k (1 )}
n 1
Thus,
(1 ) k 2
(3.5) L(a, b; c) f ( z ) a1 z z
{2 k (1 )}
and
(1 ) k 2
(3.6) L(a, b; c) f ( z ) a1 z z
{2 k (1 )}
On using (3.5) and (3.6) inequality (3.2) follows.
Remark3.2: The bounds in (3.1) & (3.2) are sharp, since the inequalities are attained for the
function.
{2 k (1 )}abz (1 )cz k 2
(3.7) f ( z ) , where 0 1.
{2 k (1 )}ab
Corollary3.3: Let f (z) T (,,a,b;c;z),then by disk is mapped on to a domain that contains
{2 k (1 )}ab (1 )c
a disk of radius a1
{2 k (1 )}ab
and by (, ; )(), the disk is mapped on to a domain that contain a disk of radius
{3 2 k (1 )}
a1 . .
{2 k (1 )}
The extremal function given by (3.7) shows the sharpness of these results.
4. Extreme Points
Theorem 4.1: Let
(1 )a1
(4.1) f1 ( z) a1 z and f n ( z ) a1 z z nk
(n k )(1 ) ( ) (a) n1 (b) n1
(n 1)!(c) n 1
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In particular the extreme points of T (,,a,b;c;z) are the functions given by (4.1).
Proof: Let f(z) be expressed in the form (4.1),then
(1 )a1 d n
f ( z ) d n f n ( z ) a1 z z nk
n 1 n2
(n k )(1 ) ( ) (a) n1 (b) n1
(n 1)!(c) n 1
a1 z d n t n k z n k
n2
(1 )a1
Where t n k
(n k )(1 ) ( ) (a) n1 (b) n1
(n 1)!(c) n 1
Now, since
(a) (b)
(n k )(1 ) ( ) n1 n1
n2 (n 1)!(c) n1
d n t n k (1 )a1d n
n2
(1 )a1
ank z n k for n 2.
(n k )(1 ) ( ) (a) n1 (b) n1
(n 1)!(c) n1
{( n k )(1 ) ( )( a) n1 (b) n1
Setting d n an k for n 2
(n 1)!(c) n1 (1 )a1
and d 1 1 d
n2
n .
(1 )a1
Then f ( z ) a1 z d n z nk
n2
(n k )(1 ) ( ) (a) n1 (b) n1
(n 1)!(c) n 1
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a1 z d n {a1 z f n ( z )}
n2
a1 z (1 d n ) d n f n ( z ) d n f n ( z ).
n2 n2 n 1
1
{( n k )(1 ) ( )( a) n 1 (b) n 1 n k 1
(5.1) r inf , n 2, k 0,1,2..
(n 1)!(c) n 1 (1 )( n k )
Proof: It suffices to show that
zf , ( z )
1 1
f ( z)
(n k 1)a
n k 1
, nk z
zf ( z )
i.e., 1 n2
1
a1 a n k z
f ( z) n k 1
n2
(n k )a
n k 1
(5.2) or nk z a1.
n2
n k 1 {( n k )(1 ) ( )( a) n1 (b) n1
z .
(n 1)!(c) n1 (1 )( n k )
This completes the proof.
6. Radius of Convexity
1
{( n k )(1 ) ( )( a) n 1 (b) n 1 n k 1
(6.1) r inf , n 2, k 0,1,2.
(n 1)!(c) n 1 (1 )( n k ) 2
Proof: Upon noting the fact that f(z) is convex if and only if ()is starlike, the
Theorem(6.1) follows.
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References
1. Carlson B.C. & Shaffer, (2002), Starlike and prestarlike hypergeometric functions,
Siam J. Math. Anal., 15737-745.
2. Ruscheweyh, S., (1975), New criteria for Univalent Functions, Proc. Amer. Math.,
Soc., 49109-115.
3. Murugusundaramoorthy, G. And Magesh, N., (2004), A new subclass of uniformly
convex functions and a corresponding subclass of starlike functions with fixed second
coefficient, J. Inequal. Pure and Appl. Math., 5(4) Art. 85.
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