Serie de Fourier Transformada de Fourier

x(t) funcion periodica, con perodo T Z Z

X(f ) = x(t)ej2f t dt x(t) = X(f )ej2f t df
to +T +
1
Z
2
jk 2
X
X[k] = x(t)ejk T t dt x(t) = X[k]e T t

T
Z Z
to k= x(t)y (t)dt = X(f )Y (f )df

para cualquier to . Im[x(t)] = 0 X(f ) = X (f )
1 to +T
x(t) = x (t) Im[X(f )] = 0
Z X
x(t)y (t)dt = X[k]Y [k]
T to Re[x(t)] = 0 X(f ) = X (f )
k=

x(t) = x (t) Re[X(f )] = 0
Im[x(t)] = 0 X[k] = X [k]
Funcion Transformada
x(t) = x (t) Im[X[k]] = 0 ax(t) + by(t) aX(f ) + bY (f )
(x y)(t) X(f )Y (f )
Re[x(t)] = 0 X[k] = X [k]
x(t)y(t) (X Y )(f )
x(t) = x (t) Re[X[k]] = 0 x (t) X (f )
X(t) x(f )
Funcion Transformada x(t td ) X(f )ej2f td
ax(t) + by(t) aX[k] + bY [k] x(t)ejc t X(f fc )
X(f fc )ej +X(f +fc )ej
f (t ) ej2k /T X[k] x(t) cos(c t + )   2
ej2mt/T x(t) X[k m] x(t) 1
X f
1 T
R ||
T 0 x(t )y( )d X[k]Y [k] dn x(t) n
(j2f ) X(f )
n
x(t)y(t) X[k] Y [k] R dt
t 1 X(0)
tnT x()d j2f X(f ) + 2 (f )
P

n T sinc(k /T ) n
n
t x(t) (j2)n d dfX(f
n
)

Identidades trigonometricas (t td ) ej2f td

ej = cos + j sin ej(c t+) ej (f fc )
2
1 (f /a)2
j
cos = e +e
j
e(at) a eP
2 P 1 k


k= (t kT ) k= f T
j
sin = e e
j
T
2j 1
cos = sin( + 90 ) sign t jf
1
sin = cos( 90 ) u(t) j2f + 21 (f )
t


sin2 + cos2 = 1 sinc f
t sinc2 f


cos2 = 1/2(1 + cos 2)
cos3 = 1/4(3 cos + cos 3) Cola Gaussiana
sin2 = 1/2(1 cos 2)
sin3 = 1/4(3 sin sin 3)
sin( ) = sin cos cos sin
cos( ) = cos cos sin sin
tan tan
tan( ) = 1tan tan
sin sin = 1/2 cos( ) 1/2 cos( + )
cos cos = 1/2 cos( ) + 1/2 cos( + )
sin cos = 1/2 sin( ) + 1/2 sin( + )

Algunas funciones utiles

1 (xm)2
p(x) = e 22 Distribucion de Gauss
2Z 2

1 2
Q(k) = e /2 d Cola Gaussiana
2 k
sin t
sinc t = Sinc
t
1 t>0
sign t = Signo
1 t < 0

1 t>0
u(t) = Escalon
0 t<0
1 |t| < 2

t


= Rectangulo Cuando k > 3 la siguiente es una buena aproximacion
( 0 |t| > 2
|t| 1
1 |t| < Q(k)
2
ek /2
t =


Triangulo
0 |t| > 2k

Hoja de formulas MPD/SISCOM ver 2.8

c 2003 INSTITUTO DE INGENIER IA EL ECTRICA
 DTFT DFT
N 1 N 1
+
1 X 1 X
x[n]WNkn X[k]WNkn
Z
j
X(e ) =
X
x[n]e jn
x[n] = j
X(e )e jn
d X[k] = x[n] =
2 n=0
N
k=0
n=
j2/N
donde WN = e
+
1
Z
N 1 N 1
X
x1 [n]x2 [n] = X1 (ej )X2 (ej )d X 1 X
2 x[n]y [n] = X[k]Y [k]
n=
n=0
N
k=0
Im[x[n]] = 0 X(ej ) = X (ej ) Im[x[n]] = 0 X[n mod N ] = X [k]
x[n] = x [n] Im[X(ej )] = 0 x[n mod N ] = x [n] Im[X[k]] = 0
Re[x[n]] = 0 X(ej ) = X (ej ) Re[x[n]] = 0 X[n mod N ] = X [k]
x[n mod N ] = x [n] Re[X[k]] = 0
x[n] = x [n] Re[X(ej )] = 0
Funcion Transformada
Funcion Transformada ax[n] + by[n] aX[k] + bY [k]
a1 x[n] + a2 y[n] a1 X(ej ) + a2 Y (ej ) X[n] N x[k mod N ]
(x y)[n] X(ej )Y (ej ) x[(n m) mod N ] WNkm X[k]
1
R j j(
x[n]y[n] 2 X(e )Y (e ))d WNln x[n] X[(k l) mod N ]
x [n] j PN 1
X (e ) m=0 x[m]y[(n m) mod N ] X[k]Y [k]
X(ej )ejno
PN 1
x[n no ] x[n]y[n] 1
l=0 X[l]Y [(k l) mod N ]
N
x[n]ejno X(ej(o ) ) x [n] X [k mod N ]
j
n x[n] j d X(e
d
)
x [n mod N ] X [k]
x[n] X(ej )
Transformada Z
[n] 1
+
ejno 1
I
[n no ] X
n
P+ X(z) = x[n]z x(n) = X(z)z n1 dz
1 k= 2( + 2k) n=
2j C
1
an u[n] (|a| < 1) 1aej P donde C es una curva antihoraria en la region de convergencia y
u[n] 1
1ej
+ k= ( + 2k) que envuelve al origen.
1
(n + 1)an u[n] (|a| < 1) (1aej )2
r n sin o (n+1) 1 Secuencia Transformada Z ROC
sin o u[n] (|r| < 1) 12r cos  2 ej2
 o ej +r ax[n] + by[n] aX(z) + bY (z) contiene Rx Ry
sin o n P +2k
n k 2o x[n no ] z no X(z) Rx , quiza 0 o

1 0nM sin((M +1)/2) jM/2 zon x[n] X(z/zo) |zo |Rx
x[n] = sin(/2) e
0 otro n d k
nk x[n]


P z dz X(z) Rx , quiza 0 o
ejo n k= 2( o + 2k) x [n] X (z ) Rx
Formula de Poisson x[n] X(1/z) 1/Rx
(x y)[n] X(z)Y (z) contiene Rx Ry
+ +
[n] 1 z
 
X
jkt 2 X 2
e = tk 1
an u[n] 1az 1 |z| > |a|
k= k= 1
an u[n 1] 1az 1 |z| < |a|
no
Desigualdad de Schwarz [n no ] z z excepto 0 o
1z 1 cos o
Z 2 Z cos(o n)u[n] 12z 1 cos o +z 2 |z| > 1
 b  b Z b
z 1 sin o


v()w ()d
 2
|v()| d |w()|2 d sin(o n)u[n] 12z 1 cos o +z 2 |z| > 1
 a  a a
Serie Geometrica
La igualdad se da si v() = K w() con K constante. N2
X N1 N2 +1
k = si N2 > N1 y 6= 1
Transformada Z unilateral 1
k=N1
+
X
X(z) = x[n]z n
n=0

x[n] Xu (z)
x[n + no ] z no Xu (z) x[0]z no x[no 1]z
x[n no ] z no Xu (z) + x[1]z no +1 + + x[no ]

Formula 1

ej + 1 = 0
Hoja de formulas MPD/SISCOM ver 2.8
c 2003 INSTITUTO DE INGENIER IA EL ECTRICA