Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
No. 15-1627
Appellee,
v.
JOSHUA J. NIEVES-MERCADO,
Defendant, Appellant.
Before
affirm.
I.
morning hours of March 15, 2013. Nieves and two other men were
exited the vehicle and carried "a long pointed tip object" to the
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driver's side of the Explorer. He first ordered the driver to get
out. When she did not immediately comply, he opened the driver's
side door, yanked the driver from her seat, and pushed her toward
the highway lane divider. Nieves drove away in the Explorer, and
responded to the scene and observed two men removing parts from
the Explorer. The officers took both men into custody. Their
carjacking.
indictment charging Nieves and the two other men with carjacking
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level of twenty, U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual 2B3.1(a);
relevant to this appeal, the PSR states that FBI agents interviewed
The district court asked defense counsel whether he had read and
examined the PSR. Defense counsel responded that he had and lodged
also confirmed that he had explained the PSR to his client and
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that they had discussed it together. He then addressed the court,
in the PSR, and noting Nieves's compliance with the terms of his
happened was a momentary thing and I ask them to forgive me." The
relied "did not come from the defendant" and was instead "an
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allegation from the other codefendant." He explained that,
It agreed with the total offense level listed in the plea agreement
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such as the events immediately preceding the carjacking and the
and arguing that the additional prison time did not further the
his "lack of maturity" and "disregard for human life and disregard
had in being the one that decided and instructed the other ones."
II.
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evidence in determining his sentence. Next, he contends that the
claims that the court overlooked the importance of his youth, which
sentence.
A.
Gonzlez, 595 F.3d 42, 47 (1st Cir. 2010). The government contends
standard.
appeal because the court did not sentence Nieves according to the
agreement's recommendations.
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We review sentences imposed under the advisory
States v. Rossignol, 780 F.3d 475, 477 (1st Cir. 2015). Such
Serunjogi, 767 F.3d 132, 142 (1st Cir. 2014) (citing United States
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a myriad of relevant factors, . . . the weighting of those factors
v. Clogston, 662 F.3d 588, 593 (1st Cir. 2011). Our review demands
B.
reasons for disassembling the stolen car. Nieves argues that the
made it into the PSR. We agree with Nieves that the reported
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denied, 135 S. Ct. 276 (2014); U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual
disclosed to Nieves in the PSR. Nieves does not deny that the
removed one part from the Explorer, which they had placed in their
vehicle, and were working on removing the radiator when the police
detained them.
App'x 887, 889 (11th Cir. 2009) (per curiam) (citing United States
v. Gordon, 231 F.3d 750, 761 (11th Cir. 2000)) (finding no clear
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error in district court's reliance on codefendants' hearsay
C.
2
Nieves does not argue that the district court failed to
resolve the dispute over this evidence or used an improper
procedure to do so. See Fed. R. Crim. P. 32(i)(3); U.S. Sentencing
Guidelines Manual 6A1.3(a)(b). We permit implicit reliability
determinations as to the evidence considered at sentencing where
the basis of the implicit determination is manifest. See United
States v. Van, 87 F.3d 1, 3 (1st Cir. 1996) ("Although explicit
resolution of disputed material facts is preferable, we have found
that the court implicitly resolved the facts when the court's
statements and the sentence imposed showed that the facts were
decided in a particular way."). Here, the district court expressly
found that the statement tended to inculpate the codefendant and
that it explained "how he was there and why he was there and how
he got the vehicle."
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characteristics of either the offense itself or [Nieves] that
Del Valle-Rodrguez, 761 F.3d at 176 ("We have held that an upward
cf. United States v. SantaOtero, 843 F.3d 547, 55051 (1st Cir.
that Nieves's criminal history began at a young age and that the
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According to Nieves, although his counsel pointed to
Nieves's age at the time of this offense and the juvenile offense.
real complaint is not that the court overlooked [his youth] but
D.
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that the district court gave reasons for its variance beyond those
circumstances, see Martin, 520 F.3d at 96, and thus we find the
III.
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