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Agenda
Benefits of Slag
Conditions in Ontario
Usage Considerations
Project Highlights
Setting Time
Generally minimal impact over 15oC (60oF) approximately 30-60 minutes, but
more pronounced under 15oC
Reduce replacement level or use of accelerator (depending on specifications) as
temperature decreases (and field feedback is received), plus heated mix water and
materials.
Proper ACI Cold Weather Practices essential.
Usage Considerations
ASR Mitigation
Some pockets of reactive aggregates
CSA A23.2-27A Standard practice to identify degree of alkali-reactivity of
aggregates and to identify measures to avoid deleterious expansion in concrete
Salt Scaling
Typically 25% maximum replacement for sidewalk, driveway, etc. (0.45 w/c, air entrained)
Level adjusted with temperature/weather to account for curing requirements
Usage Considerations
Special Considerations for High Volume SCM
replacement
HVSCM-1 (FA/40 + S/50 > 1) -> 50% slag or more
HVSCM-2 (FA/30 + S/40 >1) -> 40-50% slag
Carbonation (reinforced concrete exposed to air with depth of cover <50mm)
Max 0.40 w/c for HVSCM-1, 0.45 w/c for HVSCM-2 (CSA A23.1-14)
Minimise risk of corrosion of embedded steel due to carbonation of concrete
cover
Max 0.40 w/c for C2 exposure class with HVSCM-1
Strength acceptance age for HVSCM concrete can sometimes be
increased from the typical 28 days to 56 days or possibly 91 days.
Usage Considerations
Special Considerations for HVSCM
Extended curing due to slower strength development
C1, F1, S1, S2: Curing regime 3 for HVSCM-1
A3, A4, C3, C4, F2, S3: Curing regime 2 for HVSCM-1 and HVSCM-2
Otherwise the same as normal concrete
Note: Methods of
protecting concrete from
evapouration of surface
moisture are important
Fog spraying and
evapouration retardants
are particularly effective
Ontario Projects
Bayshore Shopping Centre Redeveloped Parking Garage, Ottawa, ON (2011 - present)