Calculation - capacitor for PF improvement.

Calculate the following from the data given below:

1- KVAR required improving PF to 0.95 lag

2- Reduction in kVA demand

3- Techno-economics of PF improvement option

Data available.

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Rating of transformer = 1600 kVA

Average loading on the transformer = 1020 kVA

Present power factor (old pf) = 0.64 (lag)

Demand charges / kVA = Rs 150/kVA

Unit cost of Capacitor / kVAR = Rs. 300

Transformer no-load loss / hour = 2.4 kW

Transformer Full -load loss/Hour = 18.57 kW

Required rating of the capacitor banks to improve the PF from the present PF of 0.64
(lag) to 0.95 (lag). Take the unit price of capacitor as Rs.300 per kVAr.
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Calculation:

Present kW load = kVA x PF = 1020 x 0.64 = 653 kW

Present kVAr value = kVA 2 kW 2 = 1020 2 653 2 = 784 kVAr

New value of kVA when pf is improved from old value of 0.64 (lag) to new pf of 0.95 (lag)

Old pf 0.64
New kVA = x Old kVA = x 1020 kVA = 687 kVA
New pf 0.95

1
New kVAr after pf improvement = kVA 2 kW 2 = 687 2 653 2 = 213 kVAr

Value of capacitor required = (New kVAr - Old kVAr) = 784 kVAr - 213 kVAr

a1) KVAR required to improve PF to 0.95 lag = 570 kVAr

a) Alternate method with formula for kVAr computation.

Capacitor value required = kW [tan (Cos-1 (old pf) tan (Cos-1 (New pf)]

= 653 [ tan (Cos-1 (0.64)) tan (Cos-1 (0.95))]

= 653 x 0.8719 = 569.4 570 kVAr

b) Reduction / release of kVA demand and cost savings

Release or reduction in kVA = (Old kVA - New kVA) = (1020 - 687)

= 333 kVA

Annual cost savings due to reduction in kVA=kVA (savings) x Rs. / kVA x 12Months

= 333 x 150 x 12 = Rs.5, 99,400/-

c) Cost of implementation

Cost of 570 kVAr capacitor bank, taking Rs.300/ kVAr = Rs.300 x 570 kVAr

= Rs.1,71,000

Simple Payback period = 171000/599400 = 0.29 years

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