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  • Pathophysiology of Hypovolemia

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    Sheana Tmpl
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    This document outlines the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease. It notes that risk factors include diet, smoking, alcohol use, and H. pylori infection. Stress, older age, male gender, NSAID use, and irritating foods can precipitate symptoms. This leads to increased acid production, damage to the stomach and intestinal lining, and inflammation. The mucosal barrier is compromised, allowing acid to further damage the tissue and form ulcers. Bleeding can cause anemia and hypovolemia, with symptoms like pallor, weakness, and changes in vital signs.

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    This document outlines the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease. It notes that risk factors include diet, smoking, alcohol use, and H. pylori infection. Stress, older age, male gender, NSAID use, and irritating foods can precipitate symptoms. This leads to increased acid production, damage to the stomach and intestinal lining, and inflammation. The mucosal barrier is compromised, allowing acid to further damage the tissue and form ulcers. Bleeding can cause anemia and hypovolemia, with symptoms like pallor, weakness, and changes in vital signs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Als DOCX, PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    152 Ansichten1 Seite

    Pathophysiology of Hypovolemia

    Hochgeladen von

    Sheana Tmpl
    This document outlines the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease. It notes that risk factors include diet, smoking, alcohol use, and H. pylori infection. Stress, older age, male gender, NSAID use, and irritating foods can precipitate symptoms. This leads to increased acid production, damage to the stomach and intestinal lining, and inflammation. The mucosal barrier is compromised, allowing acid to further damage the tissue and form ulcers. Bleeding can cause anemia and hypovolemia, with symptoms like pallor, weakness, and changes in vital signs.

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    von 1

    XI.

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
    Contributory factor:
    Diet: caffeine intake
    Alcohol and smoking
    Presence of Helicobacter
    pylori infection Precipitating factors:
    Emotional stress Age: 40-60 years old
    Skipping meal Gender: male
    Multiple use of NSAIDS
    Irritating foods

    Increase hydrochloric acid (HCL)


    production

    Irritation of the lining (mucosal) of the


    stomach, duodenum, proximal of small
    intestines

    Damaged mucosal barrier Inflammatory process

    Decreased function of mucosal cells S/Sx: Abdominal Pain


    Decreased quality of mucus
    Loss of tight junctions between cells

    Back diffusion of acid into gastric


    mucosa

    Conversion of pepsinogen Increase acid secretion


    to pepsin

    Stimulation of S/Sx:
    Further mucosal erosion cholinergic intramural Abdomi-
    Destruction of blood plexus, causing muscle nal Pain
    vessels PEPTIC ULCER spasm
    BLEEDING
    Mucosal injury DISEASE
    &
    cOAGULOPATT
    UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL
    BLEEDING/HEMORRHAGE
    S/Sx: Melena &
    Hemoglobin level: 89 g/L
    Hematemesis
    Decreased volume of
    Hematocrit level: 26 g/L
    circulating blood in the
    Red Blood Cell lvl: 2.9
    body.
    x106/uL
    S/Sx:
    Decrease Hemoglobin, Pallor
    Hematocrit & RBC. Weakness
    Restlessness
    tachypnea (RR-28)
    HYPOVOLEMIA Hypotension (90/60
    mmhg)

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