LABOUR REQUIREMENT FOR VARIOUS CONSTRUCTION WORKS:

The cost of construction project highly depends on the requirements

of labour for various activities during construction. There are direct
and indirect costs associated with the labour. They are the salary of
labours, their accommodation, food, insurance cost etc. Thus it is
essential to understand the number labours required for each
activity of the construction to estimate the final cost of project.

There are different types of labours that are required for the construction:
Skilled labours
Semi-skilled labours
Unskilled labours

All these types of labours have different skills and different salaries.
Their optimum use in every work in construction is essential to
minimize the construction cost.

The table below shows the recommended labour requirement for various
civil engineering/building/construction works:

S.
Description of work Unit Labour Recommende
No.

Excavationover areas (hard/dense Mate 0.06

1)
soil),depth up to 1.5m and removal M3
(up to one meter from edge) Labour 0.62

Excavation in trenches (soft/ loose Mate 0.05

2) soil),for foundations not exceeding M3
1.5m in width and for shafts, wells, Labour 0.50
 cesspits and the like, not exceeding
10m3 and on plan, depth up to
1.5m and removal(up to one meter
away from edge)

Returning, filling and ramming of Mate 0.02

excavated earth in layers not
3) exceeding 20 cm in depth, M3 Labour 0.25
watering, well ramming and
leveling, lead up to 50m Bhisti 0.02

Labour
0.50
Concrete : Bhisti
0.10
Mixing by machine (mixer) at
4) M3
banker, cement concrete (with Mixer
0.07
20mm graded coarse aggregate) operator

0.07
Mixer

0.10
mason

1.63
Labour

0.70
5) Mixer mixed cement concrete M3 bhisti

0.07
mixer
operator
0.07
 mixer 0.07

vibrator

mason
0.17

Reinforced cement concrete in situ in Labour

2.00
foundations, footings, bases for
bhisti
columns, etc excluding form work 0.90
6) and reinforcement. (The constants M3
mixer
for items include mixing, pouring, 0.07
operator
consolidating and curing. This does
0.07
not include fair finish.) mixer

0.07
vibrator

mason
0.24

Labour
2.50

bhisti
Reinforced cement concrete in situ in 0.90
7) suspended floors/roofs excluding M3
mixer
form work, and reinforcement. 0.07
operator

0.07
mixer

0.07
vibrator
 Mortars:
Mixing by hand, cement mortar of Labour 0.75
8) any mix/proportions (Labour M3
required will be approximately same Bhisti 0.07
for different mix proportions.)

Brick work (straight walls): mason 0.94

Brick work in walls exceeding one
9) brick thick, in cement / lime mortar M3 Labour 1.80
(The constants include labour
involved in scaffolding.) bhisti 0.20

Brick work in walls, one brick thick, mason 0.25

in cement/lime mortar. (The

10) M2 Labour 0.40
constants could be adopted for brick
work with any mix or mortar.) bhisti 0.10

Formwork / Shuttering: Carpenter 0.25

a) fabrication and erection with all
supports, struts, braces, etc, and Labour 0.20
dressing with oil as cleaning of
M3 Carpenter 0.23
formwork:
11) M2
1) rectangular column and walls M2 Labour 0.20

2) suspended floors/roofs Carpenter 0.30

3) sides and soffits of beam Labour 0.20

 Reinforcement:
Bar reinforcement including cutting
to length, hooked ends, cranking or Bar
1.00
bending, hoisting and placing in any bender
12) Quintal
position, binding wire and holding
1.00
firmly so as not to be disturbed Labour
while placing and ramming of
concrete

mason 0.08

Labour 0.10
Plastering and pointing:
a) 15mm thick cement plaster to bhisti 0.10
ceiling including mixing of mortar.
mason 0.06
b) 15mm thick cement plaster on M2
13) brick walls (exterior) including M2 Labour 0.10
mixing of mortar M2
bhisti 0.10
c) Tuck pointing to random rubble
masonry in cement mortar including mason 0.10

mixing mortar.
Labour 0.15

bhisti 0.10

Damping proof course:

Mason 0.10
14) a) Laying damp proof course 40mm M3
thick cement concrete including
 form work and fair finishing to Labour 0.10
edges and mixing.
bhisti 0.01

Note: Bhisti means water carrier.