02017 sagn 27 Evaluating Reservoir Routing in HEC-HMS Dr. Nelson. Overview Ifa watershed contains a reservoir or a detention basin, then the flood hydrograph is routed through this reservoir. As the flood wave passes through the reservoir, some of the tunofT is stored in the reservoir. This can greatly reduce the peak flow (depending fon the size and outlet structures), This hydrologic process can be modeled in HEC-HMS and is commonly called reservoir routing. For HEC-HMS models storage-clevation-discharge relationships for the reservoir or detention basin must be defined. ‘both the "Outflow Curve" and "Outflow Structures” y Mode! In this assignment you will lear how to define detention basin routing us methods available in HEC-HMS. We will practice with Judy's Branch and then review using the Park Model set up. Use your WMS project file that you used to create the basic Judy's Branch Project. In this model, the flood bydrograph will pass through the reservoir and get routed tothe outlet. Your schematic detention basin willbe like ths. ‘The detention basin will have two outlets. One is closer to the bottom and is called the lower evel outlet and the other is atthe ‘upper level and called the spillway (see the schematic below). Upper outlet eras Dead Storage Lower outlet (@rifice) ‘Sectionel View 1. Outflow curve routing method In this method, the response of the reservoir to the flood wave is expressed in terms ofthe Elevation-Area-Discharge, Elevation Storege-Dischatge, or Storage-Discharge curves. Selection of one of these curves is based on the available data. For this part we will use the Elevation-Storage-Discharge curve. The way you use other curves is the same as the Elevation- Storege-Discharge method. htpse0831 groups ot byu.netsylabusthomeworkhw27iindex him 4s13012017 ‘Assgn 27 Use the following model: + Watershed: Single Basin witha detention basin at the outlet + Loss Rate Method: Green and Ampt ( Surface Storage 25, suetion = 12 in, Conductivity = 0.25, Imperviow 13 in max, 0% initially, Saturated eontent = 0.45, initial 6) conten + Transform method: Clark + Lag time: Kerby Methad for Overland Flow for Te + Precipitation: 2.5 inches with a Type II temporal distribution. + Model Run: 36 hrs @ 6 mins imerval ‘Theo, follow the following steps to define the Reservoir Define the reservoir in HMS model 1. Switch o Hydrologic Modeling Module and select HEC-HMS. Then click on the "Select Outlet” too 2, Selec the outlet by clicking it 43. Rightlic on the outlet and selet Add | Reservoir Setting up the Reservoir Routing Parameters In order to define reservoir routing with HE vs. discharge rating curves. You can enter values directly, or enter hydraulic structures and compute the values; in this exercise you will use both methods, You will use the same clevation values for both curves. °-HMS you should define elevation vs, storage (storage capacity curve) and elevat |. Double-click on the reservoir outlet point (i is now represented as at this location) jangle since you have defined a reservoir at 2. Change the Reservoir name to Judys. 3. Set the Method drop down to be Storage-Elevation-Discharge You need to define the initial conditions ofthe reservoir. The initial condition can be defined as an elevation, a discharge, or & volume, For this example we will set the initial condition to an elevation 4, Set the Initial drop down tobe Elevation 5 Enter 129.5 ft fr the Initial Value 6, Solect OK. Generate Storage-Elevation-Discharge Curve Fortunately WMS can create a ating curve based onthe geometry of the detention basin + Switch tothe Hydrologic Modeling Modile and select the outlet of your basin, + Select Calelators [Detention Basins. This will pen the Elevation Storage-Discharge dialog. Click the “Define” button, + Inthe new window, you can define the elevation and discharge methods. Click on the "Define Storage” button + Selex ‘Known geometry" a the right and enter the following information about the detention basin + Length: 300 8 Width: 200 f + Depth: 20. + Side slope: 0 htpse0831 groups ot byu.netsylabusthomeworkhw27iindex him13012017 ‘Assgn 27 + Base elevation: 129 f + Click Ok, This will populate the storage-elevation data for your detention basin (he window may be behind the main WMS window so look fori. + Next, click on the "Define Discharges" button and click the "Add Weir" button to define the upper outlet + Change the name to Upper outlet, Weir Length: 308, Weir elevation: 14381, Base elevation: 1298. + Next, you will ad the lower outlet to the reservoir, Click on the "Add Outlet” Button. + Change the name ofthe outlet i 11: 0.05, Slope: 0.0058, "Lower level outlet," Type: Circular, Diameter 2.0 8, Invert elevation: 129.51, Manning's + Click Ok + Now you can see the storage-clevation-discharge data for the detention basin, + Then Click on "Map to Hydrologic Model” button and seleot HE Click OK. -1/HIMS in the drop down under Hydrologic Model. + Click Ok again to close the Detention Basin Hydrograph Routing dialog. + In WMS main window, click on the Select Outlet too! and double click on the reservoir icon at the outlet ofthe watershed. “This will open up the HMS Properties dialog. + Make sure "Elevation-Storage-Discharge" is selected under "Method." ‘+ Make sure the elevation, volume, and discharge curves are set correctly. eee evan | Sap oe = sao 00 vat 0 tae 1 sz 16 nme 22 imo 28 sad aa nie 38 yazan nee 4s jau ssl ca bb ime 66 a2 718 wie 77 Gxtaeicecse «SY eo; [eas SdeoodCuyes: Heiemstoce a + Click "Ok" + Save your HIMS file and open iin HEC-HMS. ‘+ Run the model and view the results, Compare the results with the results from Muskingum Cunge routing method so that you are comparing the eases with no reservoir and with reservoir, See how the reservoir has attenuated the peak. 2. Outflow structures routing method HMS allows you to define the outflow structure(S) for the detention basin through which you are routing your hydrograph. Defining outflow structures means you do not have to define the discharge curve now as you just did in part 1 above, Now we htpse0831 groups ot byu.netsylabusthomeworkhw27iindex him 3613012017 ‘Assgn 27 will define the two structures in HMS itself. In HMS open your model which you used for Part | (Outflow curve method) and save it as with a new name so thatthe previous file remains unchanged. Defining the outflow structures in HMS for reservoir routing 41. In WMS save the same FMS file that you used for part I of this assignment (HMS model with Outflow eurve method) with a distinguishing name. We will modify this file o that you do not have to develop the same model from seratc. 3. Open the project in HIMS and expand the Basin model, Meteorological model, Control specification, and Paired data in the watershed explorer window on the lef. 4. Select the reservoir by clicking the reservoir icon. 5. Then in the parameter edit window, change the Method to “Outflow Structures” (t should have and click Yes when prompted, 6. Change the storage method to Flevation-Storage 7. For the "Ele-Stor" functi , select the "ElevationStorage” data from the drop down ist which you defined in the previous inode Ifyou car id th "Heating da, you ed ode it apnin ab youd in the revo exec “Sa outietstr 8. Set the initial condition to Elevation and enter 129.5 ft as the "Initial Elevation." “gbasin Mode Bw watershed 9. or umierfeutes, ete Ce 5 10. Formumber fava, ter 28 2 atte = 11, Now you can se “Ou and "Spileys? ae aed wo the een inte watented | SE taper Scher hep Espn the Outs fer en sles Out | bearer ° s ® ° BP WHS Metececigc Date 12 the properties tt window seth eter cevation 130 tno 3.142 squne et and Bases coefficient to 0.6. “GaPared Data FD stesae asters Functens 13, Similarly, expand Spillways and select Spillway 1 © Daserstenserae rect 14, In the properties edit window set the elevation to 143 ft, length to 30 ft and coefficient to 3.33, With these two outlets, the first outlet will discharge until the water surface reaches an elevation of 143 ft and after that, both the cutlets will work simultancously. 15, Now save your project 16, Select Compute | Select Run | Run 1 17, Run the model by clicking the Run macro *®8. Now you can see the results in the graphical form as well as the time series table, Compare the results with the results from Outflow curves method and Outflow structures method, 3.No Lower Outlet: In the HMS model you used for part 2, save another copy, remove the lower outlet and run the model again with all other conditions the same. ‘Compare the results with the results with the "With lower outlet case. Discuss why the area under the two hydrographs and thus the runoff volumes ( and without reservoir) are different. To turn in Now: ‘+ Hydrographs from all of the above scenarios, Download the template found here and copy and paste in your ‘outflow hydrograph values into the appropriate column. htpse0831 groups ot byu.netsylabusthomeworkhw27iindex him 4613012017 ‘Assgn 27 ‘+ Compare the results with the results from Muskingum Cunge routing method so that you are comparing the cases ‘with no reservoir and with reservoir. See how the reservoir has attenuated the peak, ‘+ Compare the results with the results with the "With lower outlet” ease, Discuss why the area under the two hydrographs and thus the runoff volumes (with and without reservoir) are different. KREER htpse0831 groups ot byu.netsylabusthomeworkhw27iindex him 56