Semester Project:

Road Design using AutoCAD Civil 3D

Group Participants:

Muhammad Faisal Naseer : 2017-MS-TE-11

Jamshaid Mehmood : 2017-MS-TE-20

Surmad: : 2016-MS-TE-..

Suhaib: : 2016-MS-TE-..

Presented To:
Dr. Zia-ur-Rehman
Engr. Bilal Zia

11 May 2017

Department of Transportation Engineering and Management.

University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore .

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 Acknowledgement

We heartily thankful to our Instructors, Dr. Zia-ur-Rehman and Engr. Bilal Zia for giving us
a good guideline for assignment throughout multiple consultations. Their remarkable efforts,
professional approach, technical knowledge and timely advice enabled us to develop an
understanding of the project ultimately make task smooth for us during the entitled project.

We would also like to expand our deepest gratitude to all those who have directly and
indirectly been involved in carrying out this assigned project.

We are also thankful to chairman of DTEM (Department of Transportation Engineering &

Management), Dr. Prof. Ammad Hassan Khan for providing us such platform to enhance
our technical and professional excellence in field of Geometric Design of Highways.

The authors

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 Contents

List of Figures
Section 1 Executive Summary

Section 2 Introduction & Design Requirement

2.1 Background

2.2 Topography

2.3 Design Criteria

Section 3 Design Methodology

3.1 Overview

3.2 Establishing Alignment

3.3 Creating Profile

3.4 Construction of Assemblies

3.5 Analysing resulting model

3.6 Optimization of design

Section 4 Conclusion and Recommendations

4.1 Conclusion

4.2 Recommendations

Appendices

Appendix A: Plans and profile

Appendix B: Cross-sections

Appendix C: if any

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 List of Figures

Figure 1.0 Schematic road map from Zhob to Mughalkot

Figure 3.1 Alignment Creation menu and the Alignment Layout Toolbar
Figure 3.2 Adding design speeds to the alignment criteria
Figure 3.3 Applying design criteria
Figure 3.4 Combination of subassemblies such as sidewalks, curbs, and lanes
Figure 3.5 Slope of the cut condition is automatically adjusted to accommodate different
surface types
Figure 3.6 Schematic of the superelevation for design intent
Figure 3.7 Type of roadway, the pivot method, and the median treatment
Figure 3.8 Define the lanes, the shoulder control, and the attainment methods. Additionally,
curve smoothing and resolving overlaps
Figure 3.9 Details of the right side of the assembly

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 Section 1

Executive Summary

A semester project was entitled by the praiseworthy instructors for the design purposes
using computer aided software i.e. AutoCAD Civil 3D. The assigned data points were of
designated route from Zhob to Mughalkot on National Highway (N-50) in the premises of
Balochistan. The total length of the project was about 73 Km including number of structural
elements like bridges and box culverts. For the broader outlook of the whole construction
site the comprehensive plan view of the site was proposed. Keeping in view the safety
measures and various cost heads, a suitable profile was offered which is compatible to
mountainous and rolling terrain and comfortable to a given design speed of 60 and 80 km
per hour respectively. The cross sections of the road were assumed to be on each 1000
meters for various details which exist within the right of way (ROW).

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 Section 2

Introduction & Design Requirement

2.1 Background & Topography

The assigned project for the purpose of highway from Zhob to Mughalkot, situated in
the Balochistan Province of Pakistan. Here, the comprehensive introduction about
the cities about the geography described here under:

The elevation of the Zhob city above mean sea level is 1409.04 meters and that of
Mughalkot city is 1001.66 meters. From Zhob to Mughalkot the elevation difference is
about 400 meters. Recently in Zhob city the highest recorded temperature in May has
been 45C, with the lowest recorded temperature 10C. For Mughalkot city, the
minimum temperature is 12C and maximum temperature is 40C. The terrain type is
mixture of hilly and rolling terrain along the length of the project. The route length
from Zhob to Mughalkot is represented by the figure 1.0 below

(Figure 1.0 Schematic road map from Zhob to Mughalkot)

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2.2 Design Criteria

The basic design criteria for the design of Zhob-Mughalkot highway was provided,
which briefly described in paragraph below;

The decided design speed of 60 and 80 km per hour for mountainous and rolling
terrain respectively. Two (2) nos. of lane were suggested for both hilly and rolling
terrain having 3.65 meters lane width in each terrain. The inner and outer shoulder
width of 2 meter and 3 meter for mountainous and rolling respectively. The cross
slope of the shoulders was allowed up to 4% in either case. In case of mountainous
site the upward and downward gradient of 2.5% and maximum gradient of 6% was
allowed in case of rolling terrain. Main carriageway for both cases having cross slope
of 2% was proposed. In case of lifting the embankment of road on curves the super
elevation of 6% was the part of design limitations for Zhob-Mughalkot highway.

Section 3

Design Methodology

3.1 Overview
The base map (data points) was assigned for the road (Zhob-Mughalkot) design.
After importing the data file into AutoCAD Civil 3D software, the adopting procedure
of getting final and desired result containing the following steps:

1. Establishing the road centre line using an alignment

2. Creating profile
3. Construct assemblies
4. Designing the road cross-section using an assembly
5. Building a 3D model of the road using a corridor
6. Analysing the resulting model
7. Optimization of the final design

The brief description of the above bullets individually is given below:

3.2 Establishing the road centre line using an alignment

An alignment defines the main horizontal route that typically represents the
construction baseline of the roadway. The geometry is represented by straight line

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 tangents and a variety of curve and spiral types. Alignments may be created using
field-collected survey information or from existing CAD entities such as lines, arcs, or
polylines. Optionally, they may be created using the wide variety of alignment layout
tools.

3.2.1 Alignment creation and editing

Alignments may be created in a variety of ways. They may be created from existing
line, arc, and polyline entities, or they may be created using the Alignment Layout
tools, as shown in Figure 3.1 below:

(Figure 3.1 Alignment Creation menu and the Alignment Layout Toolbar.)

3.2.2 Applying Design Criteria to Alignments

Design criteria can be applied at the onset of the alignment creation, or added later
by using the design criteria tab of the alignment properties panel. When criteria and
design checks are assigned at the onset, the designer can have the advantage of
real-time warnings when violations occur. Additional design speeds can be added as
required in the design criteria tab of the alignment properties panel, as shown in
Figure 3.2 below:

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 (Figure 3.2 Adding design speeds to the alignment criteria)

During the layout of the alignment, use criteria-based design and design check set
options are selected at the onset of alignment creation as shown in figure 3.3 below:

(Figure 3.3 Applying design criteria)

3.3 Creating Profile

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 Profiles define the surface elevation along an alignment. Design grade profiles are
defined using tangents and vertical crest and sag curves. Profile geometry may be
controlled using design criteria that specify three types of minimum K tables based on
stopping sight distance, passing sight distance, and headlight sight distance (K-value
represents the horizontal distance along which a one percent change in grade occurs
on the vertical curve).

3.3.1 Applying Design Criteria

Files to Profiles Design criteria is applied to profiles using methods similar to the ones
used for alignments; criteria and design checks can be applied at the onset of design
or afterwards. If the profiles parent alignment uses design criteria, that design criteria
file is automatically applied to the profile by default.

3.4 Construction of Assemblies

Assemblies represent the cross-sectional composition of the road design. Assemblies

are collections of individual subassembly components representing items such as
medians, lanes, curbs, sidewalks, and shoulders as shown in figure 3.4 below:

(Figure 3.4 Combination of subassemblies such as sidewalks, curbs, and lanes)

An Assembly with conditional daylighting is shown in Figure 3.5. The steepness of the cut
condition is automatically adjusted when a rock type surface is encountered.

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 (Figure 3.5 Slope of the cut condition is automatically adjusted to accommodate different
Surface types)

3.4.1 Effect of Superelevation

To calculate and apply the superelevation values to the alignment, the Superelevation
wizard is used. Using the wizard is a four-step process with visual cues at each step
that reflect each parameter to be set.
The first step in the wizard defines the roadway type and the desired pivot method.
We have use the Divided Planar with Median road type and set the Pivot Method to
Baseline. This will enable us to create an assembly where each lane can pivot at the
inside edge of the travel way while maintaining the shape of the median. The basic
understanding about superelevation is given in figure 3.6 below:

(Figure 3.6 Schematic of the superelevation for design intent)

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 (Figure 3.7 type of roadway, the pivot method, and the median treatment)

The remaining steps are used to verify or modify the lanes, the shoulder control, and
the attainment methods. Additionally, options for automatic curve smoothing and
resolving overlaps are available. The sequential mechanism is shown in figure 3.7
below:

(Figure 3.8 Define the lanes, the shoulder control, and the attainment methods. Additionally, curve
smoothing and resolving overlaps)

Finally on the basis of the above discussion the right side assembly can be constructed.

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 (Figure 3.9 Details of the right side of the assembly)

3.5 Analysing resulting model

Corridors may be used to calculate earthworks and quantity, to perform sight and visual
analysis, to generate surfaces, and to extract information for construction purposes.

3.6 Optimization of design

To achieve a better design it may be necessary to adjust one or more of the corridor
components. For example, you can adjust the design profile to better balance cut and
fill volumes. Edits may be done using a variety of methods, such as grips, via tabular
inputs, and with object-specific editing commands. In addition, since the road design
is dynamic, changes made to one component affect the entire roadway model.

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 Section 4

Conclusion and Recommendations

4.1 Conclusion

Modify Conclusion as well

The AutoCAD Civil 3D software make defining, annotating, and analysing road design
more efficient and help the design comply with sound engineering standards. As per
criteria-based design, a good understanding of subassemblies and their functions
enables the efficient construction of more accurate, construction-ready corridor
models.
Utilizing points, links, shapes, codes, target parameters, and road models, which can
be tailored to your designs needs, will automate many repetitive and/or difficult road
design tasks, such as labelling and updating cross section sheets.

4.2 Recommendations

Please write few recommendations

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 Appendix A: Plans and profile

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 Appendix B: Cross-Sections

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