KRISTALISASI

What is the size of a nucleus of a sugar crystal in equilibrium at 20C with mother liquor at 115%
supersaturation? The surface tension at the crystal-liquid interphase is estimated to be 0.003 J/m 2. The
density of the sugar crystal is 1600 kg/m3.

Diket : Molecular weight of sucrose, M = 342 kg/kgmol

= 115 %
= 0.003 J/m2
T = 20C = 293 K
Tanya : L
Jawab :
M 342
V= = = 0.21375 m3/kgmol
1600
For sugar, n = 1
4 V
ln =
nRTL
4 x 0.21375 x 0.003
ln 1.15 =
1 x 8.314 x 293 x L
L = 7.5 x 10-6 m = 7.5 m

A salt solution weighing 10000 kg with 30 wt% Na 2CO3 is cooled to 293 K (20C). The salt crystaliizes as
the decahydrate. What will be the yield of Na 2CO3.10H2O crystals if the solubility is 21.5 kg anhydrous
Na2CO3/100 kg of total water? Do this for the following cases.
a. Assume that no water is evaporated
b. Assume that 3% of the total weight of the solution is lost by evaporation of water in cooling

W kg H 2O

F 10000 kg solution Cooler and S kg solution

30 % Na2CO3 Crystallizer 21.5 kg Na 2CO3 / 100 kg H2O

C kg crystals, Na2CO3.10H2O

Solution :

The molecular weight are 106 for Na2CO3, 180.2 for 10H2O, and 286.2 for Na2CO3.10H2O.
W being kg H2O evaporated, S kg solution (mother liquor), and C kg crystals of Na2CO3.10H2O.
Making a material balance around the dashed-line box for water for part (a), where W = 0
100 180.2
0.70 (10000) = (S) + (C) + 0 (W) (1) balance for water
100+ 21.5 286.2
21.5 106.0
0.30 (10000) = (S) + (C) + 0 (W) (2) balance for Na 2CO3
100+ 21.5 286.2

Solving the two equations simultaneously,

C = . kg of Na2CO3.10H2O

S = .. kg solution

For part (b), W = 0.03 (10000) = 300 kg H 2O, equation (1) becomes

100 180.2
0.70 (10000) = (S) + (C) + 300 (3) balance for water
100+ 21.5 286.2

21.5 106.0
0.30 (10000) = (S) + (C) + 0 (2) balance for Na 2CO3
100+ 21.5 286.2

Solving the two equations simultaneously,

C = .. kg of Na2CO3.10H2O

S = .. kg solution