Name: Khalid Bin Mokti

Matrix No: MM1612009T

1)Select one Health Outcome Metrics and one Health Determinants Metrics
which are of special interest to you.
Health Determinants Metrics
Total alcohol per capita (age 15+ years) consumption:

Sum of recorded and unrecorded alcohol consumed in a population during a calendar year, in litres.

Mid-year resident population aged 15+ for the same calendar year

Total alcohol per capita (age 15+ years) consumption definition:

Total alcohol per capita is the total amount (sum of recorded alcohol per capita three-year
average and unrecorded alcohol per capita) of alcohol consumed per adult (15+ years) in a
calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol. Recorded alcohol consumption refers to official
statistics (production, import, export, and sales or taxation data), while unrecorded alcohol
consumption refers to alcohol which is not taxed and is outside the usual system of
government control. In circumstances in which the number of tourists per year is at least the
number of inhabitants, tourist consumption is also taken into account and is deducted from a
country's recorded alcohol per capita.

Health Outcome Metrics

Mortality rate from road traffic injuries
Number of deaths due to road traffic crashes
Population.

Mortality rate from road traffic injuries definition:

Number of road traffic fatal injury deaths per 100 000 population (age-standardized).

2)Explain why those Metrics are of significant interest for you.

 a)There are high Mortality rate from road traffic injuries in Malaysia
A report by the Paris-based International Transport Forum (ITF) which ranked
Malaysia among 33 countries which had the highest road deaths at 23.8 deaths per
100,000 inhabitants last year.

b) Alcohol consumption is one of the cause of road traffic injury. in Malaysia,

it is an alarming situation.
Road accident can be cause by driver behavior, equipment failure, roadway design,
and poor roadway maintenance.
The major common reason of causing road accident in Malaysia is the driver behavior.
Example, drinking alcohol is one of the main cause's road deaths in Malaysia. Driving
alcohol affects the driving skills and the driver may become fuzzy after drinking so
that they will not able to concentrate when they are driving.
c) Long term effect of Alcohol consumption can cause brain damage,
Cancer, high blood pressure (hypertension),fatty liver, gastritis,
panctreatitis and others disease.
d) Alcohol affects the parts of your brain that control judgement,
concentration, coordination, behaviour and emotions. If you binge drink,
you may be at greater risk of:

becoming a victim of crime, eg rape, domestic violence, mugging or assault;

being involved in anti-social or criminal behaviour, eg fights, domestic violence,
vandalism or theft;
having an accident, eg a road accident, fall, accident at work or accidental fire;
losing your job, eg repeated absence or poor performance (think about the financial
consequences);
damaging relationships with family or friends.

3. Discuss the applicability of those selected Metrics to your country

situation.

Citing the 2015 Statistical Report on Road Accidents report, there was an increase
of 2.8 per cent in the number of road accidents between 2014 and 2015.
There were 489,606 road accidents last year, but the number of fatalities and injuries
saw a reduction of 7.3 per cent last year, as compared with 2014.

Drinking and driving is, of course, extremely dangerous and a serious offence, but its
now known that drunk drivers have been a source of several traffic-related fatalities
since 2010. Between 2010 and April 2015, a total of 1,035 road accidents were
recorded due to the influence of alcohol which resulted in 618 deaths
He added that there were also total of 207 accidents that resulted in serious injuries,
while 287 caused serious injuries and 15 involved damaged vehicles only.

As we know that the accidents rate in Malaysia are rising, in order to solve the
problem, we had identify the factor had cause the road accident. Road accident
can be cause by driver behavior, equipment failure, roadway design, and poor
roadway maintenance.
The indicators that I choose can be used to do some research regarding the
trends of alcohol consumption among Malaysian and it relation to the
increase the Mortality rate from road traffic injuries in Malaysia cause by
drinking alcohol.
If there are increasing in trends in Alcohol consumptions among Malaysian,
we need to do some intervention or health promotions to reduce the
prevalence till the targeted number.