DESIGN OF BUTTRESSED FLOOD WALL

a) PROPORTIONING OF WALL

The geometry of the wall is determined for both economy and strength in accordance with Boyles
Foundation Analysis and Design, shown. The highest wall height when overtopped is 5.2 m

Thickness of stem = H/10 to H/12 Provide 500

Thickness of base slab = H/10 to H/12, provide 600 mm

Length of base slab = 0.4-0.7 H, Provide 3600 mm

Length of toe edge = B/3, provide 1200

Spacing of counterfort = H-1/3 H Provide Spacing of 2500 mm

Thickness of counterfort/ buttresses = 300 mm 400 mm

b) PRESSURES AND FORCES

The driving forces are from the flood water forces and the restoring forces include a foreseen backfill which will not be
considered for .

Let angle of friction = 30 0 for fill material and 400 for rock

Let friction coefficient, = 0.7 for rock base

Unit weight of water, w, = 10 kN/ m3

Unit weight of soil, s = 18 kN/ m3

Water forces =PA= w.H2 =105.2 kN/ metre width acting at 1/3 from base
Passive Side = assuming H = 2.5 m submerged fill, Kp = 3.0

PP = sub.H2Kp = .5 x (20-10) x 2.52 x 3

=93.75 kN per metre width

STABILITY CALCULATIONS

ITEM WEIGHT, W LEVER ARM, La MOMENT= W.La Remarks

Stem 46.92 1.2 56.3
Base 51.84 1.8 93.3
Water 96.2 2.675 257.3
Counterfort 12.48 0.84 10.5
Back fill soil 93.75 0.4 37.5 Not included for
overturning
TOTAL, 207.4 417.5
Eccentricity, e of base from toe = M/W = 417.5/207.4 =0.2 m from toe
A) Overturning stability
Active moment =105.2 x 5.2/3 =182 kNm

FOS against overturning =417.5/182=2.3>1.5, OK

B) FOS against sliding= (W + PP)/PA = 0.7X207.44+93.75) /105.8
=2.25 > 1.5, OK
C) BEARING CAPACITY
The wall sits on rock and bearing capacity is assumed satisfactory
The forces on the base are:

fa, fb = W/b (1+-6e/b)

=76.7 kN/m2 and 38.7 kN/m2 respectively
All are far below the bearing capacity of rock.
DESIGN
A) DESIGN OF WALL

The wall is idealized as a slab sitting on the buttresses on two edges (5.0 m height) and on the base (2.5 m) as
the third edge. The top is free.

From plate theory,

Ly/Lx = 5 m/ 2.5 m =2, therefore acts as two way slab.

The base designed as a cantilevering from the centre of wall each side.

DESIGN FOR MOMENTS

Udl live load, assume 96 kN/m width (water loading)

Dead Load, Take the self-weight of stem

Design Load= 1.4 Gk + 1.6 Qk

=172 kN/m

Msx = Bsx.n.lx2 =-.063x172x2.52 =-67.76 kNm/m width

+.05x172x2.52 =53.78kNm/m

Msy =Bsy. n.lx2 = -.037x172x2.52=-39.8 kNm/m

=+.028x172x2.52= 30.114kNm/m

Design Slab for 67.76 kNm/ m width

Required As = 466 mm 2 / m .Provide T12 @ 200 (565 mm2 ) B1, B2, T1, T2

B) DESIGN OF THE BUTTRESSES

Designed as columns carrying the wall load

Shear Load on most heavily edge Vsx = Bvx. n. lx = 0.52 x 172 x 2.5 =223 kN / m

Load on section = 223 x 5 = 1115 kN

M/bd2 = 0.54

N/ bh = 0.55

100 As /bd = 0.4 , As Provide = 8 T20

Horizontal links : provide T10 @ 150

DESIGN OF BASE
PROVIDE T 16@ 200 MM C/C BOTH FACES

PROVIDE TRANSVERSE REBAR, 0.12% bh = T 12 @ 150 mm