FORM 4 MATHS

CHAPTER 6: STATISTICS *For Ogive*

To find median, Q2:
Size of a class interval = Upper boundary Lower Boundary
i) Find total frequency

ii) Read the value from graph
Modal class = Class with the largest frequency To find first quartile, Q1:

i) Find total frequency
+
Midpoint = ii) Read the value from graph
2
To find third quartile, Q3:

i) Find total frequency
( )
ii) Read the value from graph
Mean of grouped data =

Interquartile range = Third quartile First quartile
Range = Biggest value of data smallest value of data

Types of Histogram Frequency Polygon Ogive

graph
Horizontal Lower and upper boundaries Midpoint Upper boundary
axis (Or sometimes midpoint)
Vertical axis Frequency Frequency Cumulative frequency
Sketching

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Practice

28 students who have long arms are chosen to be trained as boxers. The lengths of arms (to the nearest cm) of
the 28 students are as shown below.

75 78 81 82 86 i) Complete the frequency table below.

81 78 76 83 83 ii) What is the size of each class interval?
77 84 85 86 77 iii) Find the range of the lengths of arms.
82 80 85 77 83 iv) Find the modal class.
84 81 87 87 81
v) Find mean lengths of arms.
79 80 86

i)
Length (cm) Lower Upper Tally Frequency Midpoint
Boundary Boundary
75 77
78 80

Practice 2

Class Interval Midpoint Frequency Midpoint Frequency

3.1 3.5 7
3.6 4.0 3
4.1 4.5 2
4.6 5.0 5
5.1 5.5 4
Total:

i) Complete the table above.

ii) What is the size of each class interval?
iii) Find the range.
iv) Find the modal class.
v) Find mean from the frequency table.

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HISTOGRAM
Example 1
1. Diagram below shows the durations, in minutes, of phone calls made by 40 users.
6 2 19 7 12 16 11 3
15 20 3 21 4 11 1 18
5 10 17 11 23 8 13 9
12 24 2 26 17 21 25 1
16 4 8 22 5 13 10 27

a) Based on the diagram above, complete the following table. [3 marks]

Duration Frequency Midpoint

15 10 3
6 10

b) State the size of the class interval used in the above table. [1 mark]
c) Calculate the estimated mean of the duration of phone call made by a user. [3 marks]
d) For this part of question, use graph paper.
By using a scale of 2cm to 5 minutes on the horizontal axis and 2cm to 1 user on the vertical axis, draw a
histogram for the data. [4 marks]
e) State one information based on the histogram in (d). [1 mark]
[12 MARKS]

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Example 2
Diagram below shows the number of concert tickets sold by a group of 25 people to raise fund for the orphans.
24 14 34 38 27 15 22 25
37 18 16 25 33 26 28 31
13 24 25 19 17 26 29 21 25

a) Based on the data above, complete the frequency table. [4 marks]

Class Intervals Frequency Midpoint
11 15
16 20

36 40

b) State the modal class. [1 mark]

c) Calculate the estimated mean for the number of concert tickets sold by a person. [3 marks]
d) For this part of question, use graph paper.
By using a scale of 2cm to 5 concert tickers on the horizontal axis and 2cm to 1 person on the vertical
axis, draw a histogram for the data. [3 marks]
e) Based on the histogram drawn in (d), state the number people who sold less than 26 concert tickets.
[1 mark]
[12 MARKS]

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FREQUENCY POLYGON
Example 3
Diagram below shows the ages, in years, of 30 members in a club.
32 27 37 31 39 41
37 47 33 29 45 36
34 42 44 36 43 30
45 31 28 44 46 38
38 48 40 43 34 42

a) Based on the data in diagram above, complete the table. [3 marks]

Age (years) Frequency Midpoint
21 25 0
26 30

b) State the modal class. [1 mark]

c) Based on the table, calculate the estimated mean of age of a member in the club. [3 marks]
d) For this part of question, use graph paper. By using a scale of 2cm to 5 years on the horizontal axis and
2cm to 1 member on the vertical axis, draw a frequency polygon for the data. [4 marks]
e) Based on the frequency polygon in (d), state the number of members who are below than 38 years old.
[1 mark]
[12 MARKS]

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Example 4
48 46 60 67 59 52 47 66
70 59 72 54 59 56 47 75
62 54 71 74 68 55 61 76
73 60 65 51 54 51 78 75
47 57 68 62 51 63 58 57

The data above shows the points collected by 40 football teams.

a) Based on the data and by using a class interval of 5 points, complete the table. [3 marks]
Points Midpoint Frequency
45 49

b) Based on your table in (a), calculate the mean point collected by the teams. [3 marks]
c) By using a scale of 2cm to 5 points on the horizontal axis and 2cm to 1 team on the vertical axis, draw a
frequency polygon for the data. [5 marks]
d) Based on the frequency polygon in (c), state the number of teams whose points are more than 64.
[1 mark]
[12 MARKS]

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OGIVE
Example 5
The data shows the volume, in ml, of water that is collected in a bottle by each of 50 participants in a telematch.

a) Construct a grouped frequency table for the data by using the class intervals, 130 134, 135 139
and so on.
b) For this part of the question, use graph paper.
Using a scale of 2 to 5 on the horizontal axis and 2 to 5 participants on the vertical axis,
draw an ogive for the data.
c) From the ogive, find
i) the median
ii) the interquartile range

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Example 6
Table below shows the frequency distribution of visitors according to age at an exhibition.
Age (years) Frequency Midpoint Upper boundary Cumulative frequency
1 10 0 5.5 10.5 0
11 20 4
21 30 7
31 40 14
41 50 11
51 60 6
61 70 2

a) i) Complete the table above.

ii) State the modal class. [4 marks]
b) Calculate the estimated mean age of a visitor. [3 marks]
c) For this part of question, use graph paper. You may use a flexible curve ruler.
By using a scale of 2cm to 10 years on the horizontal axis and 2cm to 5 visitors on the vertical axis, draw
an ogive for the data. [4 marks]
d) Based on the ogive drawn in (c), state the number of visitors who are more than 45 years old. [1 mark]
[12 MARKS]

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Example 7
The table shows the frequency distribution of the scores obtained by 32 participants in a contest.
Score Frequency
15 1
6 10 3
11 15 6
16 20 9
21 25 7
26 30 4
31 35 2

a) i) State the modal class. [1 marks]

ii) Calculate the estimated mean of the score of a participant. [3 marks]

b) Complete the table below. [2 marks]

Upper boundary Cumulative frequency

0.5 0

c) By using a scale of 2cm to 5 scores on the horizontal axis and 2cm to 4 students on the vertical axis,
draw an ogive for the data. [4 marks]
d) 25% of all the participants in the contest obtained marks less than m. Based on the ogive drawn in (c),
find the value of m. [2 marks]
[12 MARKS]

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