Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
TERMS
Acid-free paper - a paper that has a neutral or basic pH (7 or slightly greater). It can
be made from any cellulose fiber as long as the active acid pulp is eliminated during
processing; it is also lignin and sulfur free and addresses the problem of preserving
documents for long periods. (Wikipedia)
Antiquarian dealer - a dealer who handles older, frequently out-of-print books, which
probably have had one or more owners; also called second hand-dealer.
Appropriated funds These are funds that have been allocated to specific subject
areas for the current fiscal year as part of the library budget.
Approval plan - an agreement between a library and a supplier that allows the supplier
to automatically send the library one copy of each item on a specified subject or in a
particular format.
Author - creator of an idea; one who is intellectually responsible for a written work
Back file or back run Issues of a periodical that precede the current issue. (Johnson,
2004)
Best books - A selection of recently published books considered by reviewers to be
superior in the field or the type of publication they represent. Most library review
publications publish annual lists of highly recommended titles in the various categories
reviewed (reference, fiction, nonfiction, young adult, children's books, etc.).
Recommended lists are also published in book form (ODLIS, 2002).
Bibliometrics - The use of mathematical and statistical methods to study and identify
patterns in the usage of materials and services within a library, or to analyze the
historical development of a specific body of literature, especially its authorship,
publication, and use. Prior to the mid-20th century, the quantitative study of
bibliographic data and usage was known as statistical bibliography (ODLIS, 2002).
Biennial - Issued every two years. Also refers to a serial publication issued every two
years.
Blanket order An agreement between a library and a dealer/vendor for the automatic
supply of one of more copies of all titles issued by publisher or of all titles within certain
subject areas.
Book lease plan - An acquisitions plan offered by some book jobbers which allows a
library or library system to lease an agreed upon number of popular fiction and
nonfiction titles, usually for a fixed monthly fee. After a prescribed period of time, or a
decline in demand, titles are returned for credit toward new books usually selected from
a monthly list provided by the jobber (example: McNaughton Plan). Because leased
books arrive fully cataloged and processed for circulation, some public libraries rely on
leasing plans for high-demand items. Leasing is also used in academic libraries with
limited space for a permanent collection of popular fiction and nonfiction (ODLIS, 2002).
Book Plate - A label pasted in a book to mark its ownership and sometimes to indicate
its location in a library.
Caldecott Medal - A literary award given annually since 1938 under the auspices of the
American Library Association to the illustrator of the most distinguished children's
picture book published in the United States during the preceding year.
Carry forward - The amount of encumbered funds, which have not been disbursed at
the end of the fiscal year and are carried forward into the following fiscal year's
allocation.
Consortium Two or more libraries that have formally agreed to coordinate, cooperate
in, or consolidate certain functions. Consortia may be formed on a geographic, function,
type, format, or subject basis.
Contingency planning The process of preparing a plan of action to be put into effect
when prior arrangements become impossible or certain pre-established conditions arise.
(Johnson, 2009)
Credit memo A note issued by a vendor in place of cash refund on orders unfilled or
returned, to be deducted fro the total charge on the invoice.
Desiderata - A list of wanted items which should be added to the collection upon
availability.
Digital Of, pertaining to, or using digits, that is, numbers. Computers are digital
machines because, at their most basic level, they distinguish between two values 0 and
1, or off and on. (Johnson, 2004).
Digital rights management (DRM) is a term for access control technologies that are
used by hardware manufacturers, publishers, copyright holders and individuals to limit
the use of digital content and devices. The term is used to describe any technology that
inhibits uses of digital content that is not desired or intended by the content provider.
(Wikipedia)
Disbursing - A bookkeeping procedure that pays for an item from encumbered funds.
E-book a literary work in the form of a digital object consisting of one or more unique
identifiers, metadata, and a monographic body of content, intended to be published and
accessed electronically (Johnson, 2004)
Fair use - Conditions under which copying a work, or a portion of it, does not
constitute infringement of copyright, including copying for purposes of criticism,
comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research (ODLIS, 2002).
Firm order The most common method for acquiring materials that the library knows it
wants; used when ordering on a per title basis.
Forthcoming Books - Provides author, price, publication date and publishers for very
new American books, and for books that will be published in the near future. Information
is often given for books that BIP does not list or which are listed as not yet published.
(Acronym: FCB.)
Gray literature - Printed works such as reports, internal documents, PhD dissertations,
master's theses, and conference proceedings, not usually available through regular
market channels because they were never commercially published, listed, or priced.
Greenaway Plan - A form of blanket order plan in which a large library or library
system agrees to receive from a publisher for a nominal price one advance copy of all
the trade books it publishes, to encourage acquisitions librarians to order selected titles
in advance of publication. The publisher relies on the probability that enough titles will
be ordered in multiple copies to cover its costs. The plan is named after Emerson
Greenaway, the librarian at the Philadelphia Free Library who conceived the idea in
1958.
In-process file a file of bibliographic items which have been received but for which
cataloging and physical processing have not been completed. (ALA Glossary, p.119)
Intellectual property - Tangible products of the human mind and intelligence, entitled
to the legal status of personal property, especially works protected by copyright,
inventions which have been patented, and registered trademarks. An idea is considered
the intellectual property of its creator only after it has been recorded or made manifest
in specific form (ODLIS, 2002).
Interlibrary loan - A service to obtain from other libraries, books and journals which
the library does not own and which patrons have requested.
ISSN - Acronym for International Standard Serial Number. A unique eight-digit number
assigned to each serial title published.
Lease A contract by which one party grants access to or the use of real estate,
equipment, or a resource for the specified term and for a specified amount to another
party. (Johnson, 2004)
Line-item budget - A method of budgeting used in some libraries and library systems
in which anticipated expenditures are divided into discrete functional categories called
"lines" (salaries and wages, materials, equipment, etc.) for the purpose of systematically
allocating resources and tracking operating expenditures.
List price The publishers price for materials being sold before discounts are applied.
Metadata Literally, data about data; used for different purposes. (1) Resource
description or resources discovery metadata serves to identify and locate a piece of
information. Library cataloging is one specific use of a subset of resource discovery
metadata; Dublin Core is an example of this descriptive metadata. The Dublin Core
contains a rights element as well as descriptive elements. (2) Rendering is the process
of realizing a specific information object on the users computer. To do this, the
receiving computer needs technical information, transmitted by metadata, about the
characteristics of the object. For example, the need to open Adobe Acrobat to access
web-based document is conveyed in metadata imbedded in that document in the file
extension. (3) Rights management refers to the ownership of content and the right of
user to carry out any operation on that information object. This may involve making a
payment to the owner of the right, or the operation (viewing, downloading, printing)
may be carried out free of charge under an existing license agreement (Johnson, 2004)
Newbery Medal - A literary award given annually since 1922 under the auspices of the
American Library Association to the author of the most distinguished children's book
published in the United States during the preceding year. Sponsored by the family of
Frederic G. Melcher, the medal is named after John Newbery (1713-1767), the British
publisher who first published books written specifically for children (ODLIS, 2002).
OCLC or Online Computer Library Center The largest bibliographic utility in the
world, providing cataloging and acquisitions services, serials and circulation control,
interlibrary loan support, and access to online databases. OCLC maintains OCLC
WorldCat, an online bibliographic database or member records and holdings (Johnson,
2004)
OP: Acronym for out-of-print - Designates that a book is no longer available from the
publisher. Vendors will cancel items with this designation or search the op market for
them. The Acquisitions Department maintains a Desiderata file to search for some titles,
which have been declared op.
Out-of-stock Stock exhausted at the publishers, but another printing is expected.
Packing slip -: Usually enclosed with the items being shipped or attached to the
outside of the package. It may be a copy of the invoice or other notification that
indicates the date and number of items shipped and the invoice number, but does not
include the prices.
Popular press - A publishing house that issues publications for the mass market, sold
at news stands and in supermarkets and chain stores (ODLIS, 2002)
Posting The transfer of debit and credit information from a journal to the proper
account in the ledger.
Preprint - A portion of a work printed and issued before the publication of the complete
work. A paper submitted at a conference which is published prior to the holding of the
conference. (From Harrod's...Glossary) See Also Reprint, Offprint.
Profile (1) Description prepared by a library for a publisher or agent who supplies
materials on an approval plan or through a blanket order. The profile usually describes
subject areas, levels of specialization and difficulty, languages, series, formats, price
ranges, and so on. (2) A demographic study of the community served by a library or
library system which measures economic, social and education variables (Johnson,
2004)
Provenance The history of ownership of book or other library material. This is
particularly important when the item is previously owned by a noted collected or an
important individual.
Publisher - The person, firm or corporate body undertaking the responsibility for the
issue of a book or other printed matter to the public.
Publishers Weekly (PW) - The weekly trade journal of the American publishing
industry since 1872, includes news and announcements, author interviews, advance
book reviews, articles about book production, and analysis of trends of interest to
publishers, librarians, booksellers, and others involved in the book trade. It is published
by Cahners Business Information, a division of Elsevier (ODLIS, 2002).
Publishing - The art of making and selling books and other knowledge products such as
music, art reproductions, photographs and maps. (International Encyclopedia of
Information and Library Science, 1997)
Remote access Access and use of a digital content from a location other than where
the information is physically located or the primary site identified in a contact (Johnson,
2009)
Royalty - Monetary reward received by an author for the work done based on a fixed
percentage on the number of copies sold, less returns.
Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) - An
international alliance of approximately 200 universities, research libraries, and library
associations, SPARC was created in 1998 by several Association of Research Libraries
(ARL) directors to address the pricing practices and policies of scientific, technical, and
medical (STM) journal publishers. The coalition seeks to educate faculty on academic
serials issues, fosters competition in the scholarly communication market, and advocates
fundamental changes in the system and culture of scholarly communication (ODLIS,
2002).
Series - A number of separate works, usually issued in succession, and usually related
to one another in subject or form, issued by the same publisher, and in uniform style.
The collective series title may appear at the head of the title page, on the half-title page,
or on the cover.
Standing order Order sent by supplier for materials to the library for purchase as it is
published unless otherwise notified. It is usually used for a series of related items that
are produced over a long period of time.
Statement of account billing; notices of paid and unpaid invoices from the vendor.
Textbook - An edition of a book specifically intended for the use of students enrolled in
a course of study or in preparing for an examination on a subject or in an academic
discipline, as distinct from the trade edition of the same title, sometimes published in
conjunction with a workbook, lab manual, and/or teacher's manual. Also refers to the
standard work used for a specific course of study, whether published in special edition or
not.
Til forbidden a term used by jobbers to indicate that a subscription for a serial is to
be placed for a library and that renewals are to be made automatically until library
decide to cancel the subscription.
Tracking fund - Used to track the amount of money spent for items in a subject area
from an account other than their own. For example, gift funds are often used to
purchase items from a variety of subject areas. Tracking funds allow us to see how
much money was used to purchase items that fall in a specific subject area.
Trade books books published by commercial publishers, both textbooks and technical
in treatment.
Trade catalog - A list of all the books (currently in print), published in a specific
country or in other countries for which domestic publishers act as agents (example:
Books in Print). Also, any publication that lists and describes the products manufactured
and sold by a commercial company, with prices, illustrations, and information on how to
order, for use in sales. The publisher's catalogs sent by post to booksellers and libraries
are a prime example. Some booksellers also publish their own trade catalogs for
distribution to potential retail customers, or make catalog information available on the
Web (example: Amazon.com).
Trade Journal - A Periodical that publishes news and other items of interest for a
particular trade or industry.
Trade publisher - A publishing house that issues books of interest to the educated
reader, for sale in college and quality retail bookstores (example: Farrar, Straus and
Giroux or St. Martin's Press). Few large trade publishers remain independent. A case in
point is Alfred A. Knopf, now owned by Random House, which is in turn owned by the
international publishing and entertainment conglomerate Bertelsmann AG. (ODLIS,
2002)
Vendor - An organization whose business is to buy direct from the publishers. They are
often able to offer libraries price discounts, free shipping, and approval plans, ex. YBP.
Volume - This word is used to describe two different materials: 1) A series of printed
sheets, bound, typically, in book form, or 2) An arbitrary number of consecutive issues
of a periodical.
Voucher - A form that verifies a business transaction as correct, authorizes its entry
into the books, and approves payment of charges.
Zero-base budget (ZBB) - A financial plan that starts from zero at the beginning of
each new budget cycle, with no assumptions carried over from previous experience.
Under this budgeting method, every expense must be justified (ODLIS, 2002).