Section A

[60 marks]

Answer all questions in this section

1. Figure 1.1 shows the scale of an ammeter.

(a) Name the physical quantity measured by the ammeter.

_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) In the space below, draw the symbol of ammeter.

[1 mark]
(c) What is the value of the smallest division on the scale?
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(d) State the function of the mirror locate under the scale.
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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2. Diagram 2.1 shows a simple electromagnet.

(a) What is the meaning of electromagnet?

_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) When the switch is turn on;

(i) draw the pattern of magnetic field on Diagram 2.1

[1 mark]
(ii) state the magnetic pole at P.
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(iii) state what happen to the pin.
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(c) State one application of electromagnet.
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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3. Diagram 3 shows a wet towel is placed on the forehead of a boy who has high fever.

(a) What is the meaning of thermal equilibrium?

_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) Explain how a thermal equilibrium is achieved in Diagram 3.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

(c) The mass of water used to wet towel is 0.3 kg and the specific heat capacity for water
is 4 200 J kg-1 oC-1. The initial temperature of the towel is 30oC and the final temperature
is 38oC. Find the amount of heat energy from the boy is removed by the wet towel.

[2 marks]

(d) What happen to the final temperature if the water used to the towel is mixed with ice
cubes?
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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4. Diagram 4 shows a coin at the base of the beaker which contains a liquid with the depth of
13 cm. The observer found the image of the coin appears to be 5 cm from the base of the
beaker.

(a) Name the light phenomenon involved.

_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) Explain how this phenomenon occurs.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
(c) Calculate the refractive index of the liquid.

[2 marks]

(d) The liquid is replace with less dense liquid.

(i) What happens to the image of the coin?

_______________________________________________________________
[1 marks]

(ii) Give the reason for your answer in (d)(i) base on the concept of apparent depth.
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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5. Diagram 5.1 shows a trolley is pulled with a constant force, F.
Diagram 5.2 shows another trolley is placed on the first trolley and is pulled with the same
force, F.

Diagram 5.3 shows the motion graph of 1 trolley and 2 trolleys.

(a) What is meant by velocity?

_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Using Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2, compare the mass of the arrangement of the
trolleys.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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 (c) Using Diagram 5.3,

(i) compare the gradient of the graph P and Q.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) name the physical quantity represented by the gradient of the graph.
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(iii) state the unit of the gradient of the graph.

_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) Based on your answer in (b) and (c), state the relationship between the mas the physical
quantity in (c) (ii).
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(e) Suggest two methods how the gradient of the graph can be increased?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

6. Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show a circuit used to investigate the relationship between
resistance and cross sectional area of a wire. Constantan wire of s.w.g 36 and s.w.g 24 with
the same length are used.

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(a) What is the meaning of resistance?
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Using Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2;

(i) compare the cross sectional are of the constantan wires.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) compare the potential difference across the constantan wires.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(iii) compare the magnitude of the current flow along the constantan wires.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) Using your answers in 6 (b);

(i) compare the resistance of the constantan wires.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) relate the cross sectional area of constantan wire to the resistance of the wire.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) What will happen to the reading of voltmeter when another constantan wire s.w.g 36 of
the same length is connected parallel to the wire in circuit Diagram 6.1?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

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7. Diagram 7.1 shows an object O placed in front of a concave mirror.

F is the focal point of the mirror and C is the centre of curvature.

(a) What is the meaning of focal point?

_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(b) Draw the ray diagram on Diagram 7.1 to show how the image is formed.
[3 marks]

(c) Diagram 7.2 shows the cross section of a concave reflector used in a torchlight.

Ray S from the filament bulb is incident at point Q on the concave reflector.

(i) Complete the path of ray S on Diagram 7.2.

[2 marks]
(ii) State the light phenomenon involved in 3 (c) (i)
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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 (d) The torchlight in Diagram 7.2 does not produce bright parallel rays.

Suggest a modification that can be made to produce bright parallel rays through these
aspects:

(i) the position of the bulb.

_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) the curvature of the reflector.

_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(e) Suggest one other method to produce brighter rays by the torchlight shown in Diagram
7.2.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

8. Diagram 8.1 shows a hydraulic system. A force F is exerted on the small piston.

Diagram 8.1

(a) (i) Name the principle involved in this hydraulic system.

_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) Compare the pressure at point P and at point Q.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a hydraulic brake system in a car.

Transmission pipe
Paip penghantaran

Diagram 8.2

Table 8.1 shows the characteristics of a hydraulic system

Hydraulic Type of brake Ratio of cross section area of pistons in

system fluid master cylinder to the brake drum cylinder
J Incompressible 1:1
K Compressible 5:1
L Incompressible 1:5
M Compressible 3:2

Table 8.1

Based on Table 8.1, state the suitable characteristics of an efficient hydraulic brake
system.
Give one reason for suitable characteristics.

(i) Type of brake fluid:

_______________________________________________________________

Reason:
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

(ii) Ratio of cross section area of pistons in master cylinder to the brake drum
cylinder:
_______________________________________________________________

Reason:
_______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

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(c) In a hydraulic brake system, the cross sectional area of the pistons in the master cylinder
and the front wheel re 2cm2 and 6 cm2 respectively. A force of 50 N is applied to the
piston in the master cylinder.
Calculate:

(i) the pressure transmitted throughout the brake fluid

[3 marks]
(ii) the force exerted on the piston of the front wheel

[3 marks]

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 Section B
[20 marks]

Answer any one question in this section.

9. Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show the heating curves obtained when 50 g and 80 g of the
solid substance are heated respectively. The melting point of the substance is 78oC.

(a) (i) What is the meaning of melting point?

[1 mark]

(ii) Based on the information and the observation on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,
compare the mass, the time taken to reach the melting point and the time taken
by the substance to change into liquid completely.

Relate the mass and the time taken by the substance to change into liquid
completely to make a deduction on the relationship between the mass and the
latent heat of fusion absorbed by the substance.
[5 marks]

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(b) Diagram 9.3 shows the phenomenon of sea breeze.

Using the concept of specific heat capacity, explain how the phenomenon of sea breeze
occurs.
[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 9.4 shows a design of central heating system used in old country to heat and
keep houses warm.

Suggest and explain how to build a house central heating system which can function
effectively based on the following aspects:

(i) The specific heat capacity of the liquid

(ii) The boiling point of the liquid
(iii) The properties of material used for transmission pipe
(iv) The size of the fan used to blow the heat from radiator
[10 marks]

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10. Diagram 10.1 shows the side view of two ripple tanks. When the motors on the wooden
dippers are switched on, the wooden dippers oscillate on the surface of the water and
produce water waves.

Diagram 10.1

Diagram 10.2 shows the top view of the propagation of the waves into region P and Q.

Diagram 10.2

(a) (i) What is the meaning of wavelength?

[1 mark]

(ii) Based on Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the wavelength of the
waves, the change of speed of the waves, the depth of water, the angle of
deviation when the waves move into region P and into region Q and relate the
change of speed of wave to the angle of deviation.
[5 marks]

14
(b) Diagram 10.3 shows a Bartons pendulums which consists of five simple pendulums
hanging on a horizontal string.

Diagram 10.3

Resonance is demonstrated using Bartons pendulums. Using the physical concept,

explain the phenomenon resonance.
[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 10.4 shows an undeveloped coastal region where a new holiday resort consisting of
chalets and a jetty is to be build.

Diagram 10.4

Using your knowledge about waves, suggest and explain how the holiday resort is to be build
based on the following aspects:

(i) The location of the chalets.

(ii) The location of the jetty.
(iii) Materials used for the building of the resort.
(iv) Features to enable tourist enjoying calm water.
(v) Others relevant safety features.
[10 marks]

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 Section C
[20 marks]

Answer any one question in this section.

11. A spring manufacturing company is testing to determine the stiffness of the spring using
loads with different mass.

Diagram 11.1

(a) Name and state the laws base on the above diagram.
[2 marks]

(b) An original length of the spring is 20cm. When load M is placed on it, the length of the
spring becomes 15cm. If the load with mass 12 kg is used, the length becomes 10 cm.

(i) What is the value of M?

[4 marks]

(ii) Calculate the work done by the spring when load M is placed on it.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the spring constant.
[2 marks]

(c) Diagram 11.2 shows a baby cradle.

Diagram 11.2
You as material engineer in Spring Manufacturing Company are assigned to investigate
the characteristics of the spring used in babys cradle as shown in Table 11.3.

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 Spring Force Spring wire Diameter of Type of
Characteristics Constant diameter coil material
(N cm-1) (cm) (cm)
P 45 5.2 0.3 Alloy
Q 105 2.2 0.6 Iron
R 55 4.2 0.8 Steel
S 155 5.5 0.6 Steel
T 25 1.2 0.4 Iron

Table 11.3

Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the spring in Table 11.3 for use in babys
cradle.
Determine the most suitable spring to be used. Give reasons for your choice.

[10 marks]

12. Diagram 12.1 shows a ping pong ball coated with thin metal foil placed between a pair of
parallel metal disc. When the E.H.T is swithed on, an electric field is formed in beween the
meral disc.

(a) What is meant by electric field?

[1 mark]

(b) Explain what will happen to the ping pong ball when it is brought to touch the metal
disc connected to positive terminal of E.H.T?
[4 marks]

17
(c) Table 12.1 shows four heating elements F, G, H and J with different specifications.
Three identical heating panels are needed to be fixed on the sides of an electric dryer.

Heating Diameter Type of heating panel Arrangement of Melting

element of wire heating panels point

F Thick Parallel circuit Low

Straight wire

G Thin Parallel circuit High

Coil wire

H Thin Series circuit High

Straight wire

J Thick Parallel circuit High

Coil wire

Table 12.1

Your are required to determine the most suitable heating element that can produce
highest amount of heat faster.

Study the specification of all the four heating elements based from the following
aspects:

(i) Diamter of the wire

(ii) Type of heating panel
(iii) Arrangement of three heating panels
(iv) Melting point of the wire

Explain the suitability of each aspects and then determine the most suitable heating
element.
Give a reason of your choice.
[10 marks]

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(d) Diagram 12.2 shows an electric bulb labeled 40 W 240 V.

Diagram 12.2

(i) State the energy transformation in the bulb.

[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate

(a) the current flows in the filament of the bulb

(b) the unit of energy consumed when it is used for 8 hours a day in 20
days.
[4 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

GOOD LUCK

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