Interfaces and protocols

ZTE University

TD&W&PCS BSS Course Team

 Objectives

At the end of this course, you will be able to:

Understand ATM basic knowledge
Master Network interfaces
Master signaling process
Content

ATM Basics
Network Interfaces
Software workflow
 ATM Basics

ATM (1)

ATM-Asynchronous Transfer Mode

ATM transfers information in fixed-size units called cells.
Each cell consists of 53 bytes.

5bytes
cell-header
53 bytes
48 bytes
payload
(user information)

ATM cell
 ATM Basics

ATM (2)

Circuit Switch
Fix connecting, synchronization time division multiplexing

Good real time performance and weak flexibility

Packet Switch
Virtual circuit connecting without fixed time slot

Weak real time performance and good flexibility

 ATM Basics

ATM protocol reference model

Management plane

Control plane User plane

Plane management
Layer m an agem ent
Higher layer protocol Higher layer protocol

AAL adaptation layer

ATM cell layer

PHY physical layer

 ATM Basics

ATM protocol reference model(1)

ATM protocol reference model consists of three planes:

User plane
responsible for user information transmission hierarchically.

Control plane
provides the call and connection control function and the signaling function is also
involved, which is hierarchy too.
Management plane
provides two management functions: plane management and layer management.
The plane management is responsible for management related to the entire system
and performs the function of coordination among different planes.
While the layer management is responsible for management of network resources
and protocol parameters as well as processes the operation & maintenance
information flow at each layer.
 ATM Basics

ATM protocol reference model(2)

The ATM protocol reference model consists of four layers:

Physical layer
responsible for correct and effective cell transmission via the
physical media

ATM layer
responsible for cell switching, routing and multiplexing

ATM adaptation layer

the AAL layer is responsible for adaptation of higher-layer service
information or signaling information to ATM cell flow

Higher layer
equivalent to the application layer of each service or the higher
layer of signaling.
 ATM Basics

VP & VC Switching

The VPI value has to be changed during VP switching While all VCI
values contained in it remain unchanged.
During VC switching, both the VPI and VCI values should be changed.

VC exchange

VC I 1 VC I 3
VC I 4

VC I 2
VP end point

VPI 2 VC I 4
VC I 1
VPI 1
VC I 2 VPI 3 VC I 3

VC I 1 VC I 1
VPI 4 VPI 5
VC I 2 VC I 2

VP exchange
 ATM Basics

ATM Adaptation layer

AAL between ATM layer and high-layer applications

implements the service functions needed by the high

layer
(such as error checking processing and timing control),

supports the adaptation between the high layer and ATM

layer-mapping PDU of the high layer to the information
segment of the ATM cell or vice versa.
 ATM Basics

AAL classes

Traffic
Class A Class B Class C Class D
Parameter

Timing between source

need Not need
and destination

Bit rate fixed various

Connection mode Connection-orient Connectionless- orient

AAL 3 AAL 4
AAL types AAL 1 AAL 2
AAL 5

Traffic sample
Circuit Moving image Connection-orient connectionless data
simulation video and audio data transmitting transmitting

QoS QoS1 QoS2 QoS3 QoS4

 ATM Basics

AAL2

AAL2
suitable for VBR (variable bit rate) traffic, typically includes
services characterized as voice or video.
Traffic must be real-time transmitted for existing timing
relationship between signal source and signal destination.

Allowing the same VCC multiplexing multiple connection

procession.
 ATM Basics

AAL5

AAL5
Efficient Data traffic transmitting adaptation protocol

Supplying the same traffic with AAL3/4

Can be used as signal AAL.

Content

ATM Basics
Network Interfaces
Software workflow
 Network Interfaces

UTRAN Architecture
 Network Interfaces

Network Interfaces

Universal Model of the UTRAN Interface:

Radio Control Plane User Plane
Network
Layer Application Data
Protocol Stream(s)

Transport TransportNetwork Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control User Plane
Layer Plane
ALCAP(s)

Signalling Signalling Data

Bearer(s) Bearer(s) Bearer(s)

Physical Layer
 Network Interfaces

Iu Interface

UTRAN Core Network (CN)

CS
Node B Domain
RNC Iu-CS
Iu-CS
Node B
PS
Domain
Node B Iu-PS
Iu-PS
RNC
BC
Node B Domain

Iu-BC
Iu-BC

Iu Interface
 Network Interfaces

Iu-CS Interface Stack Structure

Radio Control Plane User Plane

Network
Layer RANAP Iu UP Protocol
Layer

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer Q.2630.1

SCCP Q.2150.1
MTP3b MTP3b
SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI
SSCOP SSCOP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL2

ATM

Physical Layer
 Network Interfaces

Iu-PS Interface Stack Structure

Radio Control Plane User Plane

Network Iu UP Protocol
Layer RANAP Layer

Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

User Plane Control Plane User Plane

SCCP
Transport M3UA
Network MTP3-B
SCTP GTP-U
Layer
SSCF-NNI UDP
SSCOP IP IP
AAL5 AAL5

ATM ATM

Physical Layer Physical Layer

 Network Interfaces

Iur Interface Stack Structure

Radio Control Plane User Plane

Network
Layer RNSAP Iur Data
Str eam(s)

Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Transport User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Network ALCAP Q.2630.1
Layer
SCCP STC Q.2150.1

MTP3B M3UA MTP3B M3UA

SSCF-NNI SCTP SSCF-NNINN SCTP

SSCF -
I
SSCOP IP SSCOP IP

AAL5 AAL5 AAL2

ATM

Physical Layer
 Network Interfaces

Iub Interface Stack Structure

Radio Network Transport User Plane

ControlPlane Network
ControlPlane

Radio Node B

PCH FP
RACH FP
FACH FP

DSCH FP
USCH FP
CPCH FP
Networ Application Part

DCH FP
(NBAP)
Layer
k
ALCAP

Q.2630.1

Q.2150.2
Transport
SSCF-UNI SSCF-UNI
Layer
SSCOP SSCOP
AAL Type 5 AAL Type 5 AAL Type 2
ATM

Physical Layer
 Network Interfaces

Uu Interface Stack Structure

G N D
C t C
Duplication
avoidance
G N D
C t C UuS
C-plane U-plane boundary
signalling information

RRC control L3

Radio
control

control

control
contro

Bearers
l

PDCP
PDCP L2/PDCP

BMC L2/ BMC

RLC RLC L2/RLC

RLC RLC
RLC RLC
RLC RLC

Logical
Channels

MAC L2/MAC
Transport
Channels
PHY L1
 Network Interfaces

Appendix

Abbreviation Full Name

SCCP Signaling connection control protocol

MTP3B Broadband message transfer protocol

SSCF-NNI Service specific coordination function for support of signaling

at the network node interface

SSCF-UNI Service specific coordination function for support of signaling

at the user network interface

SSCOP Service specific connection oriented protocol

Q.2630.1 AAL2 signaling control protocol

Q.2150.1 AAL2 signaling transport converter at NNI

M3UA MTP3 user adaptation protocol

SCTP Stream control transmission protocol

GTP-U GPRS tunneling protocol user

Content

ATM Basics
Network Interfaces
Software workflow
 Software workflow

Radio Network c-plane protocol

CN

RANAP
RNSAP
RRC
UE RNC RNC

NBAP

Node B

NBAPNode B Application Part

RANAP: Radio Access Network Application Part
RNSAP: Radio Network Subsystem Application Part
RRC: Radio Resource Control
 Software workflow

UTRAN Control Plane Protocol Stack

UE Node B RNC CN

CC SM CC SM

MM/GMM MM/GMM

RRC RANAP RANAP

RRC
RLC RLC
Transport Transport
MAC MAC
NBAP NBAP Layer Layer

L1 L1 Transport Transport Layer
Layer

Uu Iub Iu
 Software workflow

UTRAN User Plane Protocol Stack

UE Node B RNC CN

User data Iu UP Iu UP

PDCP PDCP

RLC RLC
Transport Transport
MAC MAC Layer Layer

L1 L1 FP FP
Transport Layer Transport Layer

Uu Iub Iu
 UE working mode

UTRA RRC Connected Mode

UTRA: GSM:
URA_PCH Inter-RAT Handover GSM
CELL_PCH Handover Connected
out of in
service out of Mode
service in
service service
GPRS
Packet
Transfer
CELL_DCH CELL_FACH Mode
out of in
service service Cell reselection Release RR Establish RR
Connection Connection
Release of Initiation of
temporary temporary
Release RRC Establish RRC Release RRC Establish RRC block flow block flow
Connection Connection Connection Connection

GPRS Packet Idle Mode1

Camping on a UTRAN cell1 Camping on a GSM / GPRS cell1

Idle Mode
 Software workflow

Basic Conception (1)

RRC (Radio Resource Control)

provides information transfer service to the NAS (Non Access
Stratum).
responsible for controlling the configuration of UMTS radio
interface Layers 1 and 2.

RRC Connection
A point to point bi directional connection between the RRC (Radio
Resource Control) entities on the UE (User Equipment) and
UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network).
The UE requires an RRC connection to access the services of the
UMTS network.
 Software workflow

Basic Conception (2)

RAB -Radio Access Bearer

identify the service the AS (Access Stratum) provides to the
NAS (Non Access Stratum) for transfer of user data
between the UE (User Equipment) and the CN (Core
Network).

RB -Radio Bearer
The service provided by the Layer 2 for the transfer of user
data between UE (User Equipment) and UTRAN (UMTS
Terrestrial Radio Access Network).
 Software workflow

Basic Conception (3)

RL (Radio Link)
RL is a logical association between single UE (User
Equipment) and a single UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio
Access Network) access point.
Its physical realization comprises one or more radio bearer
transmissions.

It is possible for a UMTS mobile to have many radio links

established, when this occurs the mobile is said to be in a
soft handover.
 Software workflow

RRC setup
UE Node B RNC

RRC
1.CCCH: RRC Connection Request RRC

Allocate RNTSelect L1
and L2 parameters
2.Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP NBAP

Start RX
3.Radio Link Setup Response
NBAP NBAP
ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup
4.Downlink Synchronisation
DCH-FP DCH-FP

5.Uplink Synchronisation
DCH-FP DCH-FP

Start TX

RRC 6.CCCH: : RRC Connection Setup RRC

RRC 7.DCCH: : RRC Connection Setup Complete RRC

 Software workflow

RAB setup

UE Node B SRNC CN
RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ALCAP setup
RL RECONFIG PRE

RL RECONFIG READY

ALCAP setup, synchronization

RL RECONFIG COMMIT

RRC RB SETUP
RRC RB SETUP COMPLETE
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE
 Software workflow

Call Setup Flow

UE Node B RNC CN
Paging (RANAP)
Paging (RRC)

RRC connection setup request

RRC connection setup

NAS message interaction (service request)

RAB assignment request
RL setup request
RL setup response
RB setup
RB setup completion
RAB assignment response
 Software workflow

Soft Handover Flow

NodeB NodeB
UE DRNS)
DRNC SRNC
(SRNS)
Measurement
report

RL creation request
A RL setup request

RL setup response RL setup response

Active set update command

Active set update completion

B RL Deletion request

RL Deletion response
 Software workflow

Hard Handover Flow

Target Node Original

UE B NodeB SRNC

Measurement report

RL setup request
RL setup response

Reconfiguration command

Reconfiguration completion
RL deletion request

RL deletion response
 Software workflow

Call setup flow (1)

 Software workflow

Call setup flow (2)

 Software workflow

Call setup flow (3)

 Software workflow

Call setup flow (4)

 Software workflow

Call setup flow (5)

 Software workflow

Call setup flow (6)