INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

GAS POWER PLANT

National Thermal Power Corporation Limited National Capital Power Station - Dadri P.O.
Vidyut Nagar, District Gautam Buddh Nagar - 201 008 (UP)
NTPC was set up in the central sector in the1975.Only PSU to achieve excellent rating in
respect of MOU targets signed with Govt. of India each year. NTPC Dadri station has also
bagged ISO14001 certification. Today NTPC contributes more than 3 / 5th of the total power
generation in India.

Overview of NTPC
NTPC was set up in the central sector in the 1975 in response to widening demand & supply
gap with the main objective of planning, promoting & organizing an integrated development
to thermal power in India. Ever since its inception, NTPC has never looked back and the
corporation is treading steps of success one after the other. The only PSU to have achieved
excellent rating in respect of MOU targets signed with Govt. of India each year. NTPC is
poised to become a 40,000 MW giant corporation by the end of XI plan i.e. 2012 AD.
Lighting up one fourth of the nation. NTPC has an installed capacity of 19,291 MW from its
commitment to provide quality power; all the operating stations of NTPC located in the
National Capital Region & western have acquired ISO 9002 certification. The service groups
like Engineering, Contracts, materials and operation Services have also bagged the ISO 9001
certification. NTPC Dadri, Ramagundam, Vindhyachal and Korba station have also bagged
ISO 14001 certification. Today NTPC contributes more than 3 / 5th of the total power
generation in India.

Station At Glance
NTPC dadri is model project of NTPC. also it tit the best project of NTPC also known as
NCPS (National capital power station ). Situated 60 kms away from Delhi in the District of
Gautam buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh. The station has an installed capacity of 1669 MW of
power 840 MW from Coal based units and 829MW Gas Based Station. the station is
excelling in performance ever since its commercial operation . consistently in receipts of
meritorious projectivity awards, the coal based units of the station stood first in the country in
terms of PLF for the financial year 1999 2000 by generating an all-time national high PLF
of 96.12% with the most modern O & M Practices. NTPC Dadri is committed to generated
clean and green Power. The Station also houses the first HVDC station of the country (GEP
project) in association with center for power efficiency and Environment protection
(CENEEP) NTPC & USAUID. The station has bagged ISO 14001 & ISO 9002 certification
during the financial year 1999 2000, certified by Agency of International repute M/s DNV
Netherlands M/s DNV Germany respectively
Introduction To Gas Power Plants
Introduction
The development of the sector in the country, since independence has been predominantly
through the State Electricity Boards. In order to supplement the effects of the states in
accelerating power development and to promote power development on a regional basis to
enable the optimum utilization of energy resources, the Government of India decided to take
up a program of establishment of large hydro and thermal power stations in the central sector
on a regional basis. With this in view, the Government set up the National Thermal Power
Corporation Ltd., in November 1975 with the objective of planning, construction,
commissioning, operation and maintenance of Super Thermal and Gas Based Power projects
in the country. The availability of gas in a large quantity in western offshore region has
opened an opportunity to use the gas for power generation, which is an economical way and
quicker method of augmenting power generating capacity by natural gas as fuel in combined
cycle power plant in a power deficit country like ours. With this intention in mind the
Government asked
NTPC to take up the construction of Kawas, Auraiya, Anta, Dadri and Gandhar Gas Power
Project along the HBJ Gas pipe line. The power plant consists of gas turbine generating units
waste heat recovery boilers, steam turbo generator, ancillary electrical and mechanical
equipments. The power generated at this power station is fed over 220 KV AC transmission
system associated with this project to distribute the power in the various Regions. In the
Power Sector, gas turbine drive generators are used.
Gas turbines range in size from less than 100 KW up to about140.000 KW. The gas
turbine has found increasing application due to the following potential advantages over
competive equipment.
Small size and weight per horsepower
Rapid loading capability
Self-contained packaged unit
Moderate first cost
No cooling water required
Easy maintenance
High reliability
Waste heat available for combined cycle application.
Low Gestation Period
Low Pollution Hazards
The function of a gas turbine in a combined cycle power plant is to drive a generator
which produce electricity and to provide input heat to steam cycle. Power for driving the
compressor is also derived from gas turbine
Combined Cycle:
Combined cycle power plant integrates two power conversion cycles namely Brayton
Cycle (Gas Turbines) and Rankine Cycle (Conventional steam power plant) with the
principal objective of increasing overall plant efficiency.
Brayton Cycle
Gas Turbine plant-operate on Brayton Cycle in which air is compressed this compressed
air is heated in the combustor by burning fuel combustion produced is allowed to expand
In the Turbine and the turbine is coupled with the generator. Without losses the theoretical
cycle process is represented by 12 3 4In the actual process losses do occur. Deviation
from the theoretical process, results from the fact that compression and expansion are not
performed isentropically but polytropically which is conditioned by heat dissipation
(expansion) and heat supply (Compression) caused by various flow and fraction by
losses.

nI the comnbedi ycle mode, het Brayto n Cycle is hnocse as het

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Thermal efficiency
Process working capacity
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tadine omfr hec ial b indgeryof the fu l and mech a ni ca l en gyr avil b eat h hafts o t h e gas turbine.

Th erm
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efic n
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y
(Th
) as fol w:

T h = Energy at G T sh a ft Chemical Energy of fuel

= (Q '"'"' Q...)IQ "'"'

= 1 -Q O..npm/ Q l:npuc

Working capacity is also obtained from the difference between

he amounts of heat supplied and removed. This is achieved by increasing P
2
that is increasing gas inlet temperature T
3.

Fig.1
Rankine Cycle
The conversion of heat energy to mechanical energy with the aid of steam is carried
out through this cycle. In its simplest form the cycle works as follows (fig.2) The
initial state of the working fluid is water (point-3) which, at a certain temperature is
compressed by a pump (process 3-4) and fed to the boiler. In the boiler the
compressed water is heated at constant pressure (process 4-5-6-1). Modern steam
power plants have steam temperature in the range of 500
0
C to 550
0
C at the inlet of the turbine.
Fig.2

Combining two Cycles to Improve_ Efficiency

We have seen in the above two cycles that gas turbine exhaust is at a temperature
of 50(}...550 c and i n Rankine Cycle hear is required to genera te steam at the
temperature of 500-550 c. so. why not use the gas-turbine exhaust to generate
steam in the Ran k i ne cycle and save the fuel required to hear the water?
Combi ned Cycle doe$ just the same.
The efficiency of Gas Turbine cycle alone is 300/o and the efficiency of
Rankine Cycle is 35%. The overall efficiency of combi ned cycle comes to 48%.

Types of Combined Cycles

It is basically of two rypes, namel y Un fired Combined cycle and

Fully Fi red combi ned cycle.

Unfired combined Cycle

The ba>ic system is shown in figure- 3. i n thi s system the exhaust gas is used
only for raising steam to be fed ro the steam mrbi ne for power generation.

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