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ASIGNATURA:
ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES
TRABAJO:
ESTUDIANTES:
Abancay Apurmac
Per
2
6 s 2
1. Demostrar que : L {t 2 sen(t ) }= 2
( s2 +1 )
Solucin
d2 d2 1 d 2s
F ( s )=L { f ( t ) } =(1 )
2
ds2
L { sen ( t ) }= ( )
=
d s s + 1 ds ( s 2+1 ) 2
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
2(s +1) s ( 2 ) (s +1)(2 s) 2 ( s +1 ) 4 s 2
6 s 2
F ( s )= 2 4
= 2 2
= 2 2
queda demostrado
(s +1) (s +1) (s +1)
s ( s2 +7 )
2. Demostrar que : L {cos 3 ( t ) }=
( s 2+ 9 ) ( s 2+ 1 )
Solucin
f ( t )=cos ( t ) [ 2
=]
1+ cos ( 2t ) cos ( t ) cos ( t ) .cos ( 2t ) cos ( t ) 1
2
+
2
=
2
+ [ cos ( 3 t )+ cos ( t ) ]
4
3 cos ( t ) 1
f ( t )= + cos ( 3 t )
4 4
s (s2 +7)
F ( s )=L { 3 cos ( t ) 1
4
+ cos ( 3 t) =
4 }
3s
+
s
=
4 (s2 +1) 4 (s 2 +9) (s 2 +9)( s2 +1)
queda demostrado .
3. Hallar L {t 3 cos ( t ) }
Solucin
Transformamos la funcion: f ( t ) =cos ( t ) y luego aplicamos:
d n F(s)
L {t n . f ( t ) }=(1)n
d sn
s
L { cos ( t ) }= 2
Luego :
s +1
[ ] [
2 2
F ( s )=
d 2
s
3
s +1
3
=
d2 s + 12 s
( ) ( s 2 +1 )
2
2
=
d 2 1s 2
( s2 +1)2
2
]
ds ds ds
[ ] [ ] [ ]
2 2 2 2
2 s ( s +1 ) 2(2 s)(1s )(1+s ) d 2 s ( s +1 ) 2 ( 2 s ) ( 1s ) d 2 s ( s 1 )
2 2 2
d 2 2
(s2 +1)2 ( s2 +1 ) ( s2 +1 ) ( s 2+1
F ( s )= = = =
ds ds ds
( s 2 +1 ) ( 6 s 22 ) 6 s ( 2 s2 2 s )
F ( s )= 4
( s2 +1 )
Quedando asiel resultado :
6 s4 16 s22
F ( s )=
(s 2+1)4
Solucin
5.Calcular : L { cos2 ( bt ) }
Solucin
2 1
Mediante identidad :cos ( bt )= ( 1+cos ( 2 bt ) )
2
1 1 1 s 1 1 s
F ( s )= L { 1+cos ( 2 bt ) }=
2
+ 2
(
2 s s + ( 2b ) 2
= + 2
2 s s + 4 b2) ( )
2 2
s 2 a
6. Demostrar que : L {cosh 2 ( at ) }=
s ( s4 a2 )
Solucin
at at 2 2 at 2 at
Transformamos la funcion: f ( t ) =cosh 2 ( at )= ( e +e
2 ) =
e +2+e
4
{ } (
2 at 2 at
F s =L
( ) e +2+e
4
=
1 1 2
+ +
1
=
4 s2 a s s +2 a 4
1 s+ 2a+ 22 a 2
4 ( s 24 )
+
s ) [ ]
s 22 a2
F ( s )=
s ( s4 a 2 )
Solucin
1+cos ( 2 at )
Transformamos la funcion: f ( t ) =cos ( at ) .cos ( at )=cos 2 ( at )=
2
Luego :F ( s )=L { 2
=} (
1+cos ( 2 at ) 1 1
+ 2
s
2 s s + ( 2 a )2
=
s 2 +s 2+ 4 a2
)
s ( s 2+ 4 a 2 )
2 3
6 b s 2 b
8. Hallar : L { t senbt }= 2 2 3
2
(s +b )
Solucin
d2 { d2 b
F ( s )= (1 )
2
ds 2
L senbt }=
d s s +b 2
2 2 ( )
s
[ ]
2 2 2
2 (s +b) 2 s( s +b)
( 2+b) =2 b 2 2 4
(s +b )
d 2 s
F ( s )=b
ds
2 2 2
2 b( s +b 4 s ) 6 b s 22 b3
F ( s )= = 2 23
(s 2 +b2 )3 ( s +b )
9. Resuelva
{
f ( t )= sent , 0 t <
0, t }
Solucin
f ( t )=sentsent . u(t )
Resolviendo se obtiene:
1
L { f ( t ) }= 2
+et L {sen ( t ) }
s +1
1 et
L { f ( t ) }= +
s 2+ 1 s 2 + 1
t
1+ e
L { f ( t ) }= 2
s +1
f ( t )=cos 2 t
Solucin
1+ cost
I) Sabemos que: cos 2 t= (1)
2
Laplace de:
1 1
a) f ( t )=t 2 , b) f ( t )=t 2 , c) f ( t )=t 3/ 2
Solucin
I) Propiedades a utilizar:
( +1)
2.- L { t }=
s +1
Parte a:
I) Aplicando la propiedad 2:
1
( +1)
{ }=
1
2 2
L t 1
+1
2
s
1
( )
{ }=
1
2 2
L t 1
2
s
L { t }=
1
2
s
Parte b:
I) Aplicando la propiedad 2:
1
(1+ )
{ }
1
2 2 (a) ,adems sabemos: (1+ x )=x ( x ) , aplicando en a:
L t = 1
1+
2
s
1 1
( )
{ }
1
2 2 2
L t = 3
s2
{ }
1
L t2 =
3
2 s
Parte c:
I) Aplicando la propiedad 2:
3
( + 1)
{ }
3
2 2 (b)
L t = 3
+1
s2
3 3 1
( ) 3 (1+ )
{ } { }
3 3
2 2 2 2 2
L t = 5
L t = 5
2 2
s 2s
1
3 ( )
{ }
3
2 2
L t = 5
4 s2
L { t }=
3
2 3
5
2
4s
1
L1 { 3
}
s +5 s
Solucin
1
I) Sea: A= 2
s(s +5)
1 1
A=
5 s 5(s 2 +5)
L1 { A }=L1 {51s }L 1
{
s
5( s 2+5)
}
1 1 1
1
L1 { A }= L1
5 s 5 {}
L { 2
s
s + ( 5)
2
}
5
1 1 1 t)
L { A }= cos
5 5
Solucin
Entonces tenemos:
1
s 2 Y sf ( 0 )f ' ( 0 )Y =
s1
1
Y ( s 21 ) =
s1
1
Y=
( s1 )2 (s+1)
1 2 1
Y= + 2
3( s1) 3 ( s1 ) 3( s+ 1)
1
L1 {Y } = L1
3
1 2
{ }
+ L1
s1 3
1
( s1 ) 2
1
{
L1 {
3
1
s +1}}
et 2 et
y= + t e t
3 3 3
Solucin
1+ 2e2 s +e4 s
g=L1 { }
s+ 2
{ }
2 s 4 s
g=L 1
{ }
1
s +2
+2 L1 e
s+ 2
1 e
+L {
s+2
}
{ }
1, 0 t< 4
f ( t )= 0, 4 t< 5
1, t 5
Solucin
L { f ( t ) }=L { 1 }L { u ( t4 ) } + L{(t5)}
1 4 s 5 s
F ( s )= e + e
s
Solucin
{12 + 12 cosat }= 12 L {1}+ 12 L {cos 2 at }
2
L { cos at }=L
1 1 1 s
( )( )+
2 s 2 ( s +2 a ) 2 2
1 s
+ 2
2 s 2 s +8 a2
Solucin
[ 1
2
s
2s 2s +4 ] s s +1
s+1
2
1 s
2(s+ 1)
e2 /s
18. Si L { f (t ) }= , hallar L { f (3 t) }
s 21
Solucin
2 6
1 S 1 e s /3 3e s
L { f (3 t) }= F
3
= () =
3 3 (s/3)21 s 29
Solucin
{ }
t
L cos ( r ) . sen (tr ) dr =L { costsent }=L { cost }L { sent }
0
( s 1+1 )( s s+1 )
2 2
s
2
( s 2+1 )
cos 2 tcosh 3 t
20. Sea f ( t )=
t
Solucin
L { cos 2tcosh 3 t } ds=
s
[ 2
s
2
s
s +4 s 9
]
ds
L { cos 2 tcosh 3 t
t
=
s
}
| | | |
2 2
1 s + 4 1 s 9
ln 2 = ln 2
2 s 9 2 s +4
21. L
1
{ s +1
s ( s +2 )3
2 }
Solucin
L1
{ s +1
2
s ( s +2 ) 3
A B
} {
=L1 2 + +
C
3
+
D
2
+
s S (S+2) ( S+ 2) S+2
E
}
L1 {} {} {
A
s 2
+ L1
B
S
+ L1
C
(S+ 2)3 } {
+ L1
D
( S+ 2)} { }
2
+ L1
E
S +2
t 2 e2 t t 2 e2 t
At +B ( 1 ) +C +D + E e2 t
2! 1!
s+1 A B C D E
= 2+ + + +
s (s+ 2) s S (S +2) (S+2) S +2
2 3 3 2
1 1 1 1
A= , B= , C= , D=0, E=
8 16 4 8
1 1 t 2 e2 t 1 e2 t
L
1
{ s +1
=
s2 ( s +2 )3 8
1
}t
16 4 2!
+
8
22. Hallar:
L1
{ 2 s6
2
s +9 }
Solucin
L1
{ 2 s6
2
s +9 }
=2 L1 2
s
s +9 { }
6 L1 2
1
s +9 { } 6
=2 cos 3 t L1 2
3
3
s +9 { }
L1
{ 2 s6
s2 +9}=2cos 3t2 sen 3 t
Solucin
1
sen 5 tsen 2t= (cos 3 tcos 7 t)
2
1
L { sen 5 tsen2 t }= L {(cos 3 tcos 7 t )}
2
1 S S
L { sen 5 tsen2 t }= ( 2 2 )
2 S +9 S +49
f ( t )=( t1 )2 u(t1)e 1t
Solucin
L { f (t ) }=es { t 2 et }
s
2e
L { f (t ) }= 3
( s+1)
Solucin
L { f (t ) }={ t 2 et + 2t et }
2 2
L { f (t ) }= +
( s1) (s1)2
3
2s
{ f (t) }=
(s1)3
s e2 s
F ( s )=
s 2 +4
Solucin
L1
{ }
s e2 s
s2 + 4
=sen ( 2 t+ 4 ) u ( t 2 )
f (t)=sen ( 2 t+ 4 ) u ( t2 )
{ }
3 s
1 e 2 3 3
L 2
=(t ) u(t )
s 2 2
3 3
f ( t )=(t )u (t )
2 2
Solucin
{ }
s
e2 1 1 1
L
1
2
= sen 3 t u t
s +9 3 2 2 ( )( )
1 1 1
f (t)= sen 3 t u t
3 2 2 ( )( )
29. Determinar la imagen de la funcin dada:
F ( t )=e 2 t sen (t+ )
4
Solucin
{ ( )} { ( )}
L e 2 t sen t+
4
=L sen t +
4 S= S2
=L { sent +cost }S =S2=
s+1
2 ( s 2+1 ) S =S2
{
2t
L e sen (t + ) =
4 }
s1
2(s 24 s +5)
2 s +3
f ( s) =
s +s 2 +5 s
3
Solucin
Solucin
1
s 2 x ( s )sx ( 0 )x ' ( 0 )+ 3 sx ( s )3 x ( 0 )=
s
' 1
Reemplazando los valores de: x ( 0 )=0, x ( 0 )= , se tiene:
3
s
1 1 s +3 1
( 2+3 s ) x ( s )= + x ( s ) = 2 = 2
s 3 3 s ( s+ 3 ) 3 s
1 1 1
entonces latransformada inversa de laplace x (t )= L
3 s2
=
t
3 {}
32. Resolver la siguiente ecuacin:
Solucin
14 5
s 2 x ( s )sx ( 0 )x ' ( 0 )7 sx ( s ) +7 x ( 0 )=
s
2
s
( s27 s ) x ( s )= 5 s14
2
+2 s6 entonces :
s
3 2
s 6 s 5 s14 1 1 2 1
x ( s) = 3
x ( s) = + 2 + 3 +
s ( s7 ) s s s s7
latransformada inversa de laplace
x ( t )=L1
{ 1 1 2
+ + +
1
s s 2 s3 s7 }
, por lo tanto: x ( t ) =1+ t+t 2 +e 7 t
33. Determinar:
L { cos t
t }
Solucin
cos t '
f ( t )=sen t , f ' ( t ) = , f ( 0 )=0
2 t
1
4
e
donde : L { sen t }= 3
2s2
1
{ }
4
cos t e
L = 1
t
2s2
34. Probar
0
Solucin
2 dz
sea z =x dz=2 xdx dx= 1
2z2
si x=0, z=0 y x , z
1
p 2 p 1
p x
2
z 1
reemplazando se tiene x e dx= z e dz= z 2 2 e dz
2 z z
0 0
2 20
p +1
1 11 p+1
( )
1
z
2 0
2 z
e dz =
22
2
x p ex dx= 12 ( p+2 1 )
2
Por consiguiente
0