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Overview
As part of the National Instruments Measurement Fundamentals Series, this set of tutorials helps you learn about a specific common Ratings
measurement application topic through theory explanations and practical examples. Rate this document
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What You Will Learn
Essential to any data acquisition is a transducer sensor that converts real-world phenomena, such as temperature and pressure, into
measurable currents and voltages. This set of tutorials is designed to provide you with essential information about using and Answered Your Question?
understanding various types of sensors to acquire data. Yes No
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Table of Contents
1. Sensor Terminology
2. Measuring Temperature with Thermocouples, RTDs, or Thermistors
3. Measuring Sound with Microphones
4. Measuring Strain with Strain Gages
5. Measuring Pressure, Load, and Torque with Bridge-Based Sensors
6. Measuring Vibration with Accelerometers
1. Sensor Terminology
Sensors, like other areas of technology, have a specific terminology that you must understand before
you can apply them properly. Learn some of the most common terms in this tutorial.
Sound waves are created by pressure variations in the air. Microphones transform sound pressure into
capacitive variations, which are then converted into an electrical voltage. Review the fundamentals of
sound pressure, how microphones work, and how to choose the right type of microphone.
Strain gages are used to measure the deformation of a material due to an applied force. The resistance
of a strain gage changes with small bends and pulls on the material. Explore basic strain concepts,
how strain gages work, and how to select the right configuration type.
5. M easuring Pressure, Load, and Torque with Bridge-Based Sensors Back to Top
Pressure, load,a dn torque sensors measure force in different ways. Load cells measure force or
weight. Pressure sensors measure force per unit area. Torque sensors measure the tendency of force
to rotate an object. See how full bridge strain sensors are used to maesure pressure, load and torque.
Accelerometers are commonly used to measure vibration. They contain piezoelectric crystals that
generate an electric charge proportional to force from oscillations of a solid. Learn about the theory of
vibration, how accelerometers function, and and considerations for choosing the right accelerometer.
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