CONTROLLING VARIABLES

Variables are the elements (objects, materials, conditions) that affect the outcome of the experiment.
Controlled Variables factors or conditions that are kept the same in an experiment
Manipulated or Independent Variable(X) factor or condition that is changed or tested in an
experiment
Responding or Dependent Variable(Y) - the result of the manipulated variable

1. Get two mongo seedlings of the same kind and height.

2. Plant each seedling in a pot with same amount and kind of soil.
3. Place both plants in a shady area of the school yard.
4. Twice a week, give one seedling a small cup of water; do not water the other seedling.
5. Observe the growth of the plants.

Notice that numbers 1,2 and 3 are the same conditions given to both plants. The factors or conditions such
kind of plants, time of plants, amount and kind of soil, and sunlight are called CONTROLLED VARIABLES.
One condition that is used in one plant but not in the other is watering. Water is the MANIPULATED
VARIABLE.

Controlled variables: kind of plants, time of plants, amount and kind of soil, and sunlight
Manipulated variable: water
Responding variable: growth of the plants

CONTROLLING VARIABLES
Variables are the elements (objects, materials, conditions) that affect the outcome of the experiment.
Controlled Variables factors or conditions that are kept the same in an experiment
Manipulated or Independent Variable(X) factor or condition that is changed or tested in an
experiment
Responding or Dependent Variable(Y) - the result of the manipulated variable
6. Get two mongo seedlings of the same kind and height.
7. Plant each seedling in a pot with same amount and kind of soil.
8. Place both plants in a shady area of the school yard.
9. Twice a week, give one seedling a small cup of water; do not water the other seedling.
10. Observe the growth of the plants.

Notice that numbers 1,2 and 3 are the same conditions given to both plants. The factors or conditions such
kind of plants, time of plants, amount and kind of soil, and sunlight are called CONTROLLED VARIABLES.
One condition that is used in one plant but not in the other is watering. Water is the MANIPULATED
VARIABLE.

Controlled variables: kind of plants, time of plants, amount and kind of soil, and sunlight
Manipulated variable: water
Responding variable: growth of the plants