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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 8 Number 5- Feb 2014

A Novel Approach of Automation in Ticket


vending Machine Using ARM Processer
S.Sukhumar#1, B.Sinduja#1 ,G.Rajkumar#1 ,N.Divya*2, T.Devika*2 , N.Suthanthira Vanitha#3
# 1
UG Students, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engg, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, India .
#2
Assistant professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engg, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, India.
#3
Professor & Head, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engg, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem, India.

Abstract In modern world people wish to use the public eliminates free ridership. This makes RFID terminals
transports than of their personal transports because of the rise in significantly more reliable, and leads to a reduction of
petrol cost and other economic reasons. Most popular of all is operation/maintenance-time ratios of more than 40%.RFID
bus, now the bus is increasingly becoming a tool to support a offers greater data-collection capabilities than magnetic.
citys development over the long term. In this research idea, the
proposed concept is to replace the manual work in traditional
Smart tickets could combine a variety of different applications
ticket system into embedded based ticket system. To make the and enable transit operators to provide additional services and
system as automatic and also to ensure the comfort journey in customer-loyalty schemes.This system helps to reduce the
the bus we are going for automatic ticket vending system using problem facing during traditional system.
ARM processer.This system provides all information related to The proposed idea and the reduced memory size greatly
the passenger. Even normal people also operate the system easily reduce the tickets price compared to a Smart Card and makes
because of the design of machine. Once the passenger reserved migration of sectors of ticketing range onto a SMART
the ticket, automatically seating allotment of the passenger and platform which is economically feasible. Low-cost RFID
other details send to the passengers mobile with the help of GSM. tickets allow customers to switch to a single technology
RFID reader integrated with the ZIGBEE technology will
benefit from communications and sensing capabilities.The ARM
system, and consequently reduce maintenance cost. A journey
architecture offers all the benefits of the proposed system. is a trip from the origin to the destination. The journey-related
Because of the high speed, simplicity and other additional information, like average journey time, average journey cost,
features makes it even more appealing to embedded system. In and main modes of the journeys, is usually obtained through
order to perform the above said operation ARM processer is travel surveys or household surveys, which are costly, time-
already pre-programmed . By implementing this modern consuming and less frequent. In this proposed system the
transport system in actual practice, due to less man power entire details related to journey is obtained from the automatic
requirements, government can not only gain more benefits. But ticket vending machine. Smart cards become the next fare
also, we can bring our national transport system towards global payment media replacing cash, tokens and passes. Smart cards
standards.
or touch and go cards is a chip card that contains an embedded
computerized chip which is either a memory or
Keywords RFID reader, ARM Processer , GSM, GPS and microprocessor that stores and transfer data which improves
ZIGBEE. the convenience and security of any transaction and provides
proof storage of user and a account identity. so that consumer
I. INTRODUCTION can purchase tickets in their personal account using
In traditional ticketing system, each & everyday smartcards.
lots of tickets are being printed and sealed showing that date Once if the passenger insert the smart card to advanced
manually by the person sitting in the bus stoppage counter. machine .The Smart card can be scanned and amount can be
After finish travelling, the passengers usually through away deduced from the user account. This payment system
the used paper made tickets here & there which ultimately automatically recharges all pre-issued card with the amount
pollutes the environment. Again large number of trees is being preferred by the authorized person and also when the person
destroyed since the current system uses paper based ticketing used to scan the card. After receiving details from RFID,
and the used tickets are just wasted. By replacing the paper ZIGBEE transmits the data of transport facilities through huge
tickets into the RFID tagged card carried out by the display. ZIGBEE is often used to transmit data over long
passengers does everything automatically and eventually distance by passing data through intermediate devices which
reduces above mentioned complexities. Using automatic ticket provides a secure network process. Real time bus information
systems enables operators such as transferring tickets from system (RTBIS) may also employed in this system that gives
one person to another, sharing of tickets, to avoid information related to the time of bus which will arrive at a
confrontation i.e. mesh between the supervisors and stop. RTBI can be get from electronic displays at bus station
passengers, safer handling of data, transportation authorities to and stops. The datas related to bus routes along with bus fares
save time and personnel costs. Unlike magnetic readers, RFID and seats available in the bus will be displayed on the display
tickets achieve almost 100% read rate, which virtually of the machine make the passenger to choose or book the

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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 8 Number 5- Feb 2014

tickets. After booking the tickets, through GSM the data product delivery and servicing) has been modelled using
related to passenger booking will be received by the GSM MEALY Machine Model. The proposed model is tested using
existing in the bus that ensures the bus operator to get the Spartan 3 development board and its performance is compared
details about passengers location. Simultaneously after the
with CMOS based machine.
data is selected by the passenger, RFID reader prints the
security code on the smart card. This card again become a
Karin Siebenhadl et. al [4] this paper titled as A
gateway to enter into the bus, provided with smart sensing
element. User- Centred Design Approach to Self-Service Ticket
Vending Machines describes about the, self-service ticket
II. LITERATURE SURVEY vending machines (TVMs) have become an important
distribution channel in the public transport sector,
Ben Ammar Hatem, et.al[1] the paper titled as Bus progressively replacing the traditional ticket counter. In a
Management System Using RFID In WSN describes a novel public transport setting, where ticket counter closures have
approach to integrate RFID (Radio Frequency Identification ) left different groups of people dependent on TVM to meet
in WSN (Wireless sensor network). WSN is used to support their mobility needs, a single, effective system is required.
RFID identification process by extending the read range of an
RFID system. Besides, by the use of the WSN we can monitor Research questions: (1) Which barriers do currently hinder the
the environment of an object and optimize RFID readers usage of TVM? (2) Which requirements should a barrier-free
performance and energy. Then methodology to integrate RFID TVM full fill? (3) How can we design a new self service TVM
technology, wireless sensor network to form an intelligent bus for a nationwide public railway company? (4) How can we
tracking application is studied. The proposed system can ensure that the usability and user experience (UX) is high for
monitor bus traffic inside spacious bus stations, and can all users, especially for those with low levels of technological
inform administrators whether the bus is arriving on time,
affinity? Situating the case: Most other studies on the use and
early or late. This information is then displayed on the
different wireless displays inside and outside the bus station. usability of TVMs were conducted as post-hoc evaluations. In
contrast,our case study presents a user centred design (UCD)
Md. Foisal Mahedi Hasan, et. al [2]the paper titled approach that takes the needs of the different target groups
as RFID-based Ticketing for Public Transport System: into account throughout the whole development process.
Perspective Mega city Dhaka, portrays about the public Theories and concepts that guided the case included UCD,
transport ticketing system, prevailing in the south of megacity which involves alternating test and evaluation loops that
Dhaka (Bangladesh),introduces severe malfunction in the actively involve users to create a usable product and UX, A
system, malicious argument among public, corruption and prototype for a novel generation of TVM was developed in
most of all traffic jam. This paper actually suggests a much three phases: First, the context of use was analysed. In the
more public friendly, automated system of ticketing as well as second phase, we conducted a requirements analysis. Third,
the credit transaction with the use of RFID based tickets. The different hardware and software interaction designs were
total system mainly acts to bring out the consistency among iteratively tested and evaluated. The resulting prototype met
various bus agencies that will conclude in uniform access of the requirements of most user groups, though further
passengers in daily rides through an automated server being adjustments are necessary.The UCD approach proved to be a
updated every single time the passengers travel by carrying valuable framework for the development and design of self-
the RFID based tickets. service systems.

Ana Monga et.al[3] this paper titled as Finite State M.Bhuvaneswari et.al[5] the paper titled as Embedded
Machine based Vending Machine Controller with Auto- system based automatic ticket vending machine for modern
Billing Features portrays about Vending Machines are well transport system This research paper is based on the concept
of automatic ticket vending machine by using RFID and
known among Japan, Malaysia and Singapore. The quantity of
Zigbee technique. Ticket friend solution through automated
machines in these countries is on the top worldwide. This is machine enables the passenger to predetermine the transport
due to the modern lifestyles which require fast food details. In this automated system we replace the traditional
processing with high quality. This paper describes the ticket system by smart card that contains all details of the user
designing of multi select machine using Finite State Machine including bank account information. which is similar to the
Model with Auto-Billing Features. Finite State Machine (FSM) atm card. This automatic ticket vending machine consists of
display which shows the availability of buses for all
modelling is the most crucial part in developing proposed
destinations. The person can find out the destination place by
model as this reduces the hardware. In this paper the process pressing the buttons available on that machine with the help of
of four state(user Selection, Waiting for money insertion, zigbee. If the location is selected then the availability of buses

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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 8 Number 5- Feb 2014

along with the time is displayed. If the people confirm to go in transfers the data to the promoters account and also
certain bus, by using smart card the person can receive the transfers the information related to seating
tickets employing RFID technique and by showing the ticket
in front of the bus the door opens automatically and after arrangement and billing receipt. The entire system
some predetermined seconds it gets closed. Voice GPS is is controlled by ARM Processer. For that arm
placed Inside the bus and the display shows the route map. For processer is pre-programed to do the operations
that PIC microcontroller is already pre-programmed to do the simultaneously.
operations. By using this we can minimize manpower in buses
and ticket counters, predetermining of the bus can be done to
find the destination exactly, safe journey can be assured IV. FLOW CHART
without any disturbance and system based booking for easy
usage. Voice talking GPS proposed in the transport make the START
passenger to identify their departing location.

SMART CARD
III. HARDWARE DISCRIPTION INSERTION

TOUCH SCREEN ZIGBEE


DISPLAY
READ RFID

RFID
ARM PROCESSER READER
POWER
SUPPLY CHECK FOR
VALID NO PROCESS
CARD

GSM MODULE KEYBOARD SMART


CARD
INSERTER ENTER THE LOCATION AND DESTINATION
PLACE BY A CONSUMER IN A TOUCH SCREEN

Fig.1. Block diagram for automatic ticket vending machine

ZIGBEE TRANSMITS THE DATA


Fig (1) shows the mechanism of RELATED TO TRANSPORT ARRIVAL
automatic ticket vending machine utilized in bus
stand or bus stops. Once if the passenger inserts the
smart card to the ticket friendly machine the RFID
reader reads the user account. This happens only CHECK FOR
ALARM
THE
after the destination place is chosen by the BALANCE TURN ON

passengers through the huge display. ZIGBEE


transmits the data related to transport and display it.
ZIGBEE has a role mainly in the interconnection of
TRANSFER THE DATA TO PROMOTERS ACCOUNT
wireless sensor with vehicles and infrastructure.
Here the embedded middle ware is used in mobility
applications. It consists of real time bus information
SEATING ARRANGEMENT & BILL
system which uses satellite technology to predict RECEIPT SEND TO PASSENGER
the time of bus arrives at a stop. RTBI can be MOBILE

obtained from electronic displays at bus station and


stops. After this RFID reader in smart card pay SMART CARD EXIT
mode transfers to the bank. This payment system
recharges all pre issued card with preferred by the
authorized person once when user scans his smart STOP

card. Further it transfer the data to GSM which


Fig.2. Flowchart of the proposed system

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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 8 Number 5- Feb 2014

V.CONCLUSION Biography
This paper demonstrates designing of automatic
ticket vending machines and bus data management system. S.Sukhumar is pursuing, Bachelor of
The features of GSM and ZIGBEE are explored to design the Engineering in the discipline of
system for long distance as well as short distance .Embedded Electrical and Electronics Engineering
based proposed idea have proven themselves to be a reliable at Knowledge Institute of Technology,
solution in providing the details about the events provided by Salem, under Anna University,
promoters, so that consumer can purchase tickets in their Chennai, India. He has published and
personal account using smartcards, Time and money are presented a number of technical papers
precious every time we strive to find best way to avoid issues in National Conferences and
likewise. when it comes to travel by the bus without carrying International journals. He is the Executive member of
change, this proposed technique need only one smart card. Robotics Intelligence Machines Club and Higher Education
This novel research can make a great change in cell at Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem. He is doing
predetermining of the bus and gives benefits to the minor research works on various fields like Robotics, PLC &
government and people by reducing the man power, maintain SCADA, Biomedical, Embedded Systems, Power Electronics
data ,eliminates the need of paper tickets and time and Renewable Energy systems. He got State second prize for
consumption. his project, best student in co-curricular activities and
ERAMBOZ awards. He got Business English Certificate
ACKNOWLEDGMENT from Cambridge University. He is highly appreciated by the
The authors wish to thank the management of Knowledge Head of the Department.
institute of technology and Head of the department for
providing the facilities to carry out this work.
B.Sinduja is pursuing, Bachelor of
Engineering in the discipline of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering at Knowledge
REFERENCES
Institute of Technology, Salem, Anna
[1] Ben Ammar Hatem Hamam Habib , Bus Management System Using University, Chennai, India. She has presented
RFID In WSN,European and Mediterranean Conference on Information
Systems 2010(EMCIS2010) April 12-13 2009, Abu Dhabi, UAE. a number of technical papers in National Conferences and
[2] Md. Foisal Mahedi Hasan, Golam Tangim, Md. Kafiul Islam, Md. symposiums. She is the Executive member of Robotics
Rezwanul Haque Khandokar,Arif Ul Alam, RFID-based Ticketing for Public Intelligence Machines Club at Knowledge Institute of
Transport System: Perspective MegacityDhaka. Technology, Salem. She is doing minor research works on
[3] Ameer H. Morad, GPS Talking For Blind People, Journel of emerging
technologies in web intelligence, Vol. 2, No. 3, augest 2010. various fields like Microcontroller Power Electronics and
[4] Dhruba Ningombam, Chitra, Nitashi Kalita, Vinita Pat Pingua, An Robotics. She is highly appreciated by the Head of the
Intelligent Voice Enabled Distance to Empty and Navigation Department.
System,International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE)
ISSN: 2231-2307, Volume-2, Issue-3, July 2012.
[5] M.Bhuvaneswari, S.Sukhumar ,N.Divya Embedded System Based G.Rajkumar is pursuing, Bachelor
Automatic Ticket Vending Machine for Modern Transport of Engineering in the discipline of
SystemInternational Journal of Research in Computer and Communication Electrical and Electronics Engineering at
Engineering Vol 2.Issue 11, November 2013. Knowledge Institute of Technology, Salem,
[6] Ran Hee Jeong, and Laurence R. Rilett (2004) The Prediction of Bus
Arrival Time Using AVL Data, Transportation Research Board 83rd Annual Anna University, Chennai, India. He has
Meeting, Washington D.C. presented a number of technical papers in
[7] Qing-Jie Kong, Yikai Chen, and Yuncai Liu,(2009) "A fusion-based National Conferences and symposiums. He
system for road-network traffic state surveillance: a case study of shanghai," is the Executive member of Robotics
IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 37-42.
[8] Sheng, Q.Z., Li, X. and Zeadally, S. (2008) Enabling Next-Generation Intelligence Machines Club at Knowledge Institute of
RFID Applications: Solutions and Challenges, IEEE Computer, Vol 41 No 9, Technology, Salem. He is doing minor research works on
pp 21-28. various fields like Microcontroller Power Electronics and
[9] Ollivier M., (1995) RFID- a new solution technology for security Robotics. He is highly appreciated by the Head of the
problems, European Convention on Security and Detection, 408, pp. 234-
238. Department.
[10] Bo Yan, Danyu Lee; , "Design of Sight Spot Ticket Management System N. Divya is currently working as
Based on RFID", pp. 496 - 499, 2009,International conference on network an Assistant Professor in the Department
security, wirel. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
[11] Goebel, C.; Tribowski, C.; Gnther, O.; Troeger, R.; Nickerl, R
at Knowledge Institute of Technology,
( 2009) RFID in the Supply Chain: How to Obtain a Positive ROI -
The Case of Gerry Weber, on 11th International Conference on Salem. She received his UG degree in
Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS 2009), Vol. Information the discipline of Electrical and
Systems Analysis and Specification, pp. 95-102, Italy, Electronics Engineering from K.S.R
[12] Mark Cracknell (2008) Image detection in the real world , Intelligent Engineering college under Anna
Transportation Systems World Congress ITS WC 2008, New York. University, Chennai and got PG degree in Power Electronics

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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 8 Number 5- Feb 2014

and Drives discipline from Anna University, Coimbatore. She


has published papers in International level Journals and
presented papers in National and International level
conferences. She is a faculty In charge of IEEE Student
Branch. She has guided number of project for students. She
has organized about 5 guest lectures in various fields. Her
research interests lie in the field of Power Electronics,
Renewable Energy systems and Embedded System.

T.Deevika is currently working as an


Assistant Professor in the Department of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering at
Knowledge Institute of Technology,
Salem. She received his UG degree in
the discipline of Electrical and
Communication Engineering from
Velammal Engineering college under
Anna University, Chennai and got PG degree in Applied
Electronics discipline from Anna University, Chennai. She
has presented papers in National and International level
conferences. She has guided number of project for students.
Her research interests lie in the field of DSP, Embedded
System, Digital System Design and Digital Image Processing.

Dr.N.SuthanthiraVanitha is currently
working as a Professor and Head of the
EEE Department at Knowledge Institute of
Technology, Salem. She received the B.E.
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
from K.S.R. college of Tech,
Tiruchengode in 2000 from Madras
University, M.E. - Applied Electronics in
Kamaraj University and Ph.D., in Biomedical Instrumentation
& Embedded Systems in 2009 from Anna University, Chennai.
She is life member of ISTE & CSI. Her research interests lie
in the area of Robotics, DSP, MEMS and Biomedical,
Embedded Systems, Power Electronics and Renewable
Energy systems, etc. She has published and presented number
of technical papers in National and International Journals and
Conferences. She has guided number of projects for UG and
PG students, currently guiding 12 PHD scholars.

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