Breathing and exchange of gases

1. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is:

a. Caused by a variant of Pneumococcus pneumonia
b. An acute form of asthma
c. Caused by a variant of Corona virus
d. Affect non vegetarians faster
2. Blood analysis of a patient reveals an unusually high quantity of carboxy - haemoglobin content. Which of
the following conclusions is most likely to be correct? The patient has inhaling polluted air containing high
contents of:
a. Carbon di oxide b. carbon monoxide c. carbon disulphide d. chloroform
3. When CO2 concentration in blood increases, breathing becomes:
a. Slow and deep b. faster and deeper
c. shallower and slow d. no affect on breathing
4. Dough kept overnight in warm weather becomes soft and spongy because of
a. Cohesion b. osmosis
c. absorption of CO2 from atmosphere d. fermentation
5. In glycolysis, during oxidation electrons are removed by:
a. NAD+ b. molecular oxygen c. ATP d. Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
6. Which is true for CO2 concentration?
a. Less in alveolar air than in expired air
b. More in expired air than in alveolar air
c. More in inspired air than in alveolar air
d. More in alveolar air than in inspired air
7. Respiration is controlled by
a. Medulla oblongata b. cerebellum c. Hypothalamus d. cerebrum
8. R.Q. of fat is :
a. More than one b. one c. less than one d. infinite
9. One molecule of haemoglobin carries molecules of oxygen:
a. One b. two c. three d. four
10. SARS is caused by a variant of :
a. Pneumococcus pneumoniae b. common cold corona virus
c. asthma d. bronchitis
11. Alveoli become enlarged and damaged with reduced surface area in heavy smokers. The condition is
called
a. Silicosis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchitis
12. During inspiration, the diaphragm:
a. reflexes to become dome shape b. contracts and flattens
c. expands d. shows on change
13. Ravi, who lived at sea level, had around 5 million RBC per cubic mm of his blood. Later, when he lived at
an altitude of 18,000 ft., showed around 8 million RBC per cubic mm of blood. This is an adaptation
because:
a. He had pollution free air to breathe
b. At high altitude , he ate more nutritive food
c. At high altitude , O2 level is less hence more RBCs were required to take more oxygen
d. At high altitude, there is more UV radiation which enhances RBCs production
14. What is true about haemoglobin?
a. It is a dipeptide and present n RBC in blood worm
b. Present in dissolved state in blood plasma in earthworm
c. It is a dipeptide in mammals and present in RBCs
d. Present in dissolved state in blood plasma in scorpion
15. Respiration results in
a. release of O2 b. anabolism c. transfer of CO2 d. release of CO2
16. Respiratory quotient is defined as :
a. volume of CO2 formed b. volume of CO2 formed
volume of CO2 used volume of O2 used

c. volume of O2 formed d. Volume of O2 formed

volume of CO2 used volume of N2 used

17. Respiratory centre of brain is sensitive to:

a. more O2 concentration in blood b. more of CO2 concentration in blood
b. accumulation of blood in brain d. All of these
18. Lungs are covered by:
a. pleural membrane b. peritoneum c. pericardium d. none of these
19. A person with normal tidal volume has a respiratory rate of 14 breaths per minute. What will be the total
tidal respiratory volume per minute?
a. 3800ml/min b. 7000ml/min c. 14000ml/min d. 1300ml/min
20. How much per cent of CO2 is expired?
 a. 5% b. 32% c. 25% d. 20%
21. Partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs is:
a. 100 mm Hg b. 110 mmHg c. 40 mm Hg d. 60 mm Hg
22. In which of the following animals, respiration occurs without any respiratory organ?
a. Frog b. fish c. cockroach d. earthworm
23. In man, total number of alveoli in both lungs are:
a. 3000 b. 30000 c. 500000000 d. 700000000
24. Membrane separating air the pulmonary alveoli from blood capillaries is :
a. alveolar epithelium b. cardiac epithelium
c. capillary endothelium d. Both a and c
25. During hibernation, frog respires through:
a. Gills b. lungs c. integument d. tympanum
26. Breathing becomes faster in fever because:
a. Fever stimulates the respiratory centre of brain
b. O2 carrying capacity becomes lower
c. Increase in temperature increases metabolic rate requiring more oxygen
d. Oxygen is used in fighting the germs
27. Which one of the following mammalian cells is not capable of metabolizing glucose to carbondioxide
aerobically?
a. Red blood cells b. white blood cells c. unstriated muscle cells d. liver cells
28. Hypoxia is the condition in which less energy becomes available to the tissues.
This may be due to
a. lesser oxygen in the atmosphere b. more CO in the air
c. less RBC s in blood d. all the above
29. Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to :
a. low temperature b. Hot and humid environment
c. eating fruits preserved in containers d. inhalation of seasonal pollens
30. RBCs and adipose tissue cells respire anaerobically because they
a. Possess very few mitochondria
b. Require much less energy
c. Possess very few mitochondria and large amount of energy
d. Possess carbonic anhydrase
31. Chloride shift occurs in respond to:
a. HCO3- b. K+ c. H+ d. Na+
32. During inspiration, the diaphragm :
 a. Expands b. shows no change
c. contracts and flattens d. relaxes to become dome shaped
33. The oxygen toxicity is related to :
a. Blood poisoning b. collapsing of alveolar walls
c. failure of ventilation of lungs d. both a and b
34. Lungs have a large number of narrow tubes called:
a. alveoli b. bronchioles c. bronchi d. tracheae
35. Residual volume is:
a. lesser than tidal volume b. greater than inspiratory capacity
b. greater than vital capacity d. greater than tidal volume
36. When temperature decreases, oxy- Hb curve will become:
a. More steep b. straight c. parabola d. all of these
37. Pneumotaxic centre is present in :
a. Cerebrum b. cerebellum c. medulla d. pons varoli
38. Haemoglobin is a :
a. Reproductive pigment b. respiratory pigment c. carbohydrate d. fat
39. The number of gills present in ostichthyes is
a. 2 pairs b. 6- 15 pairs c. 5 pairs d. 4 pairs
40. The alveoli of lungs are lined by:
a. simple epithelium b. squamous epithelium
c. cuboidal epithelium d. columnar e. ciliated epithelium
41. About 97% of O2 is transported by RBCs. the remaining 3% is :
a. dissolved in plasma and transported b. remains in lungs
c. in peroxisomes d. attached to cell membranes e. inside the mitochondria
42. Oxygen is carried by:
a. Leucocytes b. erythrocytes c. platelets d. none of these.
43. The urge to inhale in humans results from:
a. Rising P CO2 b. rising O2 c. falling P CO2 d. falling P O2
44. Skin is an accessory organ of respiration in:
a. Humans b. Frogs c. Rabbits d. lizard
45. A large proportion of oxygen is left unused in the human blood even after its uptake by the body tissues.
This O2:
a. CO b. CO2 c. SO2 d. H2CO3
46. The factor which does not affect the rate of alveolar diffusion is
a. Solubility of gases b. thickness of membranes
 c. pressure gradient d. concentration gradient e. Reactivity of gases
47. Congestion of lungs is one of the main symptoms in
a. hypotension b. coronary heart disease
c. atherosclerosis d. heart failure
48. Emphysema is a :
a. cardiovascular disease b. pulmonary disease
c. neural disease d. renal disease
49. Which of the following is correct regarding respiration in adult frog?
a. In water skin and gills b. on land skin and buccal cavity
c. In water skin and buccal cavity d. on land skin, lungs and gills
50. Oxygen binding to haemoglobin in blood is
a. Directly proportional to concentration of CO2 in the medium
b. Inversely proportional to concentration of CO2 in the medium
c. Directly proportional to concentration of CO in the medium
d. Independent of concentration of CO in the medium

BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES

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