April 10, 1928.

1,665,267
A. v. JERNBERG
PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL FOGS
7 Filed July-l4, 1925

?zuenfor.
J717xe / 06c!C21? L/Zern ezy.
66
 Patented Apr. 10, 1928.
1,665,267
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
AXEL VIDAR JEBNBERG, OF TIDAHOLM, SWEDEN.
PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL FOGS.

Application ?led July 14, 1925, Serial No. 43,655, and in Sweden July 22, 1924. _
In the production of arti?cial fogs it_1s transferred into a suitable form (for in 55
necessary, in order to obtain a suceesstul stance by heating the container by steam
result as well as from an economical point from the conduit 3) the cock 1 is opened,
of view, to have thematerial or materials whereby the gas for example steam or com
used in the production of the tog as ?nely
divided as possible before entering the open bustion gases ?ows into the tube 13 and
further through the tube 9, thereby sucking
air and ~to see that the concentration of the with it on both sides of the tube B air from 60
fog particles formed during the process does the air inlet 8. If now the fog producing
not become so large on any point, that an material for example hosphorus is intro~
agglomeration of such particles can take
place at that point, thereby reducing the aduced
?rst
into the tube B tlirough the conduit 7
decomposition of said material takes 65.
e?iciency of formation of the tog. place in that tube whereby a current of gas
My invention refers to a process for ob is formed which when leaving the tube B
15
taining the best possible result in this re joins with the current of air, passing out
spect and consists in that the vmaterial or
materials, used for the production, are ?nely side the tube, This current, however, has
divided in two or more stages before enter not the same speed as that passing through 70
ing the open air. This division can be tween the tube B, for which reason a friction be
executed in several ways, either chemically e?ectivethedivision
two currents occurs, causing an
orvpulverization of the fog
or mechanically or in a combined mechanico producing material. The division thus has
chemical way.
The nature of the process may suitably be been carried out in two stages or phases, viz, 75
within the tube B and when leaving it.
explained by a description of a practically Simultaneously the concentration of the fog
tested apparatus for its performance. A particles, generated in B is diminished. A
constructional form of such an apparatus further division or pulverization of the fog
(smoke or fogsyringe) is illustrated dia producing material as well as a further di 80
grammatically in the accompanymg draw minishing of the concentration of the fog
ing. The apparatus consists} of a smoke or particles for the same reason takes place
fog syrmge, comprising a tube 9, closed at when the current of
its back end and with its other end open and 9 to the outer tube 10gas passes from the tube
and also when the said
projecting into another and widertube 10, current strikes the screen S. When the fog
provided with a spreading screen S at its current leaves the apparatus at S the fog
85
outer end. The tube 9 surrounds a tube B producing material thus has been pulverized
(the mixer) and is provided with an inlet four times. . I
36 8 for air or another gas in its back part.
Through the back end'of the tube 9 runs a If the fog producing material used is such
that
pipe 1, forming an inletifor the ?uid or the drivingit becomes chemically combined with 90
?uids (gases or liquids) used in the produc tact, wherebygas heat
and the air at their con
is generated, still one
tion of fogs with this apparatus. A double phase of pulverization arises, because the
(0 walled container D for the fog-producing gases
materials for instance phosphorus is placed - are expanded by the heat developed at
above the tube 9 and is connected to con the reaction, whereby the speed of the gas
duits _or pipes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. The contents is increased, thus contributing to the pul
verization of the fog producing material
of the container may be delivered into the and a decrease in
.45 interior of the tube 9 by means of the con the concentration of the, -
fog particles already formed.
duits 6, 7, and suitable gases (as air, steam, . Another method of producing arti?cial
combustion gases from a motor and the like) fogs according to the present invention 100
may be forced intov the conduit 7 or into the sists in forcing a diluting gas through con
the
space between the double walls of the con
50 tainer D or in the interior of said container tube 2 into the material ?owing through the
by means of the conduits 2, 3, 4. tube 7 in which'case the fog producing ma
terial will become extremely ?nely pul
The apparatus operates as hereinafter de verized 105 i

scribed. When the fog-producing material Aboutatthethesame

entrance in the tube B &c-.
result is obtained by using
has been introduced into the container D and the pipes 4 and 5. - '
 1,005,267
The to produeinn' material also may be nature of my invention and the manner of
introduce in the tube 9 through the perfo its operation, what I claim is: 15
rated pipe 6, whereb the material at ?rst A process of producing arti?cial fogs ac
is divided in several ne currents, which are cording to the smoke syringe method, which
further divided by the driving gas current comprises introducing melted phosphorus,
and the air. repeatedly e?ecting a ?ne division of the
The feeding-pipes 6 and 7 for the fog pro phosphorus by the application of fluid pres 20
ducing material may also be heated, so that sure, and thereafter delivering the ?nely di
the said material after the entrance in them vided material to the open air.
10 totally or partially is brought into a gaseous In testimony whereof I have signed my
condition, before it meets the driving gas name to this speci?cation.
current.
Having now particularly described the AXEL VIDAR J ERNBERG.