Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
SGDU 5053
PRINCIPALSHIP AND SCHOOL
MANAGEMENT
Credit Value: 3
LECTURER : MEJ (B) MUAAZAM BIN MOHAMAD
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WHAT IS ADMINISTRATION
The word administration is from the Latin
word minister meaning servant or slave.
Therefore, administration has to do with the
identification, maintaining, motivating,
controlling, and the unification of human
and material resources within an
organization to achieve a common goal.
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Cont;
Administration can also be considered as the
careful and systematic arrangements and use
of resources (human & material), situations
and opportunities for the achievement of the
specific objectives of a given organization.
(Nwankwo, 1987)
To Gulick & Urwick, administration is a
process of getting things done through the
effort of others in goal achievement.
Cont;
According to Walton (1996),
administration is an activity that
concerns it self with the survival and
maintenance of an organization.
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Cont;
Educational administration is the process
of providing instructional leadership,
management of the day-to-day
activities, setting educational standards
and goals, establishing policies and
procedures required to achieve them in
schools, preschools, day care centres,
colleges and universities.
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Cont;
They also handle relations with parents,
prospective and current students, employers,
and the community.
They set the academic tone and work actively
with teachers to develop and maintain high
curriculum standards,
formulate mission statements, and establish
performance goals and objectives.
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WHAT IS MANAGeMeNT
Management is the process by which
managers create, direct, maintain and
operate purposive organizations through
systematic, co-ordinated and co-
operative human effort. (Forland, 1998)
Management refers to a set of functions
which unite group efforts in a
meaningful manner.
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Cont;
Management is the art of getting things done
through people. (Follett, 1996).
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WHAT IS eDucATIONAl
MANAGeMeNT
Educational management is concerned with the
planning and formulation of educational
policies or programmes with a view to achieving
educational goals.
The process of deciding on the aims and goal
setting of the institution/school. In some settings,
aims are decided by the principal, often working
in association with senior colleagues and perhaps
a small group of lay stakeholders. (Bush 2003)
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cONcluSION
The ways in which managers influence
their employees and encourage them to
be productive depend on many variables,
including the personality of the leader,
the skills of the group/employees, the
task or assignment at hand, or the group
dynamics and personalities of group
members.
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Cont;
As with leadership, each base of power
has its place in management and can
prove effective in the right setting and
right circumstances.
There are four major factors of leadership
that we need to take with us as student if
we want to become effective leaders. We
need to:
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Cont;
a. Be a leader: You must have an honest
understanding of who you are, what you
know, and what you can do.
b. Know your followers: Different people
require different styles of leadership.
You must know your people! The
fundamental starting point is having a
good understanding of human nature,
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Cont;
such as needs, emotions, and motivation.
You must come to know your employees' be,
know, and do attributes.
c. Communication: You lead through two-
way communication. Much of it is nonverbal
and verbal. What and how you communicate
either builds or harms the relationship
between you and your employees.
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Cont;
d.Situations: All situations are different.
What you do in one situation will not
always work in another. You must use
your judgment to decide the best course
of action and the leadership style needed
for each situation.
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Q&A