Rizal in 19th Century - World Events

1. 1. THE CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Mindanao

State University General Santo City History 5 O17 June 20, 2014
2. 2. The meaning and importance of a mans task can be understood and appreciated when
viewed within a time frame and its proper historical context. To better understand and
appreciate the role of Jose Rizal in the making of a Filipino nation, one has to know the
developments in the century when he lived, the period when he worked.
3. 3. NINETEENTH CENTURY Era of challenges and responses A period of major changes
which affected men and society
4. 4. 6 IMPORTANT CHANGES INTHE 19TH CENTURY 1. Struggle for nationalism 2. Gradual
spread of democracy 3. Modernization of living through the Industrial Revolution 4. Advance
of Science 5. March of Imperialism 6. New Current in the movement of thought and growing
confidence on progress
5. 5. NATIONS STRUGGLE FOR NATIONALISM
6. 6. NATIONS STRUGGLE FOR NATIONALISM A feeling of oneness by a group of people wo
believe that they possess common traditions, culture and common ideals or goals.
7. 7. French Revolution (1779-1789) Overthrowing of absolutism American Revolution (1775-
1783) Independence from Great Britain
8. 8. HOWTO RUNTHE GOVERNMENT? Country should be free from domination and that a
country should enjoy liberty, equality and opportunity In the good old days when monarchs
and kings ruled over the subjects
9. 9. Greece became independent nation from the Turks on 1830. Norwegians won their
freedom from Swedes in 1905. Italy became a free and united nation through the work of
Camillo Cavour, Joseph Mazzini and Joseph Garibaldi in 1861. Germany was united led by
Iron Chancellor Otto von Bismarck who adopted the policy of blood and iron in 1871.
10. 10. 1867 1800 - 1825 Simon Bolivar The Liberator (Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia and part
of Peru) Jose San Martin The Liberator (Argentina, Chile and part of Peru)
11. 11. MEN FIGHT FOR DEMOCRACY Political ideas of the nineteenth century
12. 12. EFFECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ARE MULTIFARIOUS Series of
changes in the industry: a. From hand work to machine work b. Domestic system to the
factory system
13. 13. BEGAN IN ENGLAND IN 1760 Manufacturing Spinning jenny Spinning frame
Spinning shuttle Cotton gin Sewing machine
14. 14. Transportation Steam boats Steam locomotives Airplanes Automobiles
Balloons
15. 15. Communication Telephone Telegraph Wireless telegraphy Cable Postal
service Newspapers
16. 16. Establishment of factories Employment of thousands of workers Large scale
production of manufacturing goods Commodities became cheaper Towns and cities
grew Improved standard of living Division of labor practiced (capitalists and laborers)
17. 17. Increase in population Advances in medical knowledge and public hygiene
Opening of more lands for cultivation and commercialization Increase in national income
Encouraged migration
18. 18. RESPONSES TO THE GROWING SOCIAL PROBLEMS CREATED BY THE
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
19. 19. LIBERALS Adopted the laissez-faire policy to stimulate the growth of factories Allow
everybody to expand as much as he wished in his individual enterprises Industrialists
became powerful and rich Working men became poorer Unemployment and misery
resulted
20. 20. SOCIALISTS Government should own and manage the means of production Benefit
of all and not only for a few individuals As long as the capitalists controlled the economic
life of people, no democracy Claude Henri, Francois Fourier and Robert Owen
21. 21. COMMUNISTS Authored Communist Manifesto Earliest socialists that reforms could
be achieved gradually and peacefully through normal political methods and with
compensation for the private owners Only a violent revolution could improved the lot of
workingmen Advocated abolition of private property in land centralization of all means
of production in the hands of the state abolition of all rights of inheritance Confiscation of
the property of emigrants and rebels Universal and equal obligation of work
22. 22. CATHOLICISM Pope Leo XIII in Reform Novarum (The Conditions of Labor) Rights
must be religiously respected Duty of public authority to prevent and punish injury Poor
and helpless have special consideration upon questioning its rights State has the right to
regulate the use of private property and to protect it Workers have the right to form unions
23. 23. SCIENCE BECOMES THE SERVANT OF MAN Soul of the Nineteenth century
24. 24. MODERN IMPERIALISM STARTS A PROCESS OF HISTORIC CHANGE Activity of a
nation in extending its control and authority beyond its territorial boundaries through the
acquisition of new territories Purpose of securing rea materials, markets for manufactured
products, additional food supplies, outlets for surplus population and fields for investment of
surplus capital
25. 25. GROWING CONFIDENCE ON PROGRESS INSPIRES OPTIMISM Man made
considerable progress in various fields
26. 26. Democracy Education Science Public Health Literature Music Art
27. 27. The divine flame of thought is inextinguishable among Filipino people and in some way
or another it has to shine and make it known. It is not possible to brutalize the inhabitants of
the Philippines.
28. 28. QUESTIONSTO LIVE BY 1. Why is nationalism a desirable national goal? 2. Why is
industrialism a continuing concern of society? 3. Do you agree with Rizals point of view that
the pursuit of science is an ideal of man?Why?