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Evi Setianingsih.,S.Kep.,Ns
Outline
The Road to Digitizing Healthcare
What is a Smart Hospital?
Toward a Smart Hospital
Health & Health Information
Lets take a
look at these
pictures...
Smart Banking
Transfer
Location A Location B
Value-Add
Security
Convenience
Customer Service
Value - Add
Innovation
Design
Qc
But...Are We That Different ?
Healt Care
Value -Add
Technology & medications
Clinical knowledge & skilled
providers.
Quality of care; process
improvement
Customer service
Information
Standardizing Healthcare
Large variations & contextual
Input dependence
Process Output
Patien
Decision Making Biological respon
Presentation
Why Adopting Health IT?
Go to paperless To the computerize
Hospital
To become a Digital
To Have EHRs
Hospital
Stop Your
Drooling Reflex!!
10
11
But...Are We That Different?
14
The World of Smart Machines
24
Microsoft Health Future Vision
25
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=12801
Connecting People to a Healthy Future With
Personalized Care Kaiser Permanente
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gxz9ZVvduGc 26
Back to
something simple...
27
What Clinicians Want?
To treat & to care
for their patients
to their best
abilities, given
limited time &
resources
Institute of Medicine, Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. Crossing the quality
chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy
Press; 2001. 337 p. 29
Information is Everywhere in Healthcare
30
Information in Medicine
32
WHO (2009)
33
33
WHO (2009)
Being Smart in Healthcare
Safe
Drug allergies
Medication Reconciliation
Timely
Complete information at point of
care
Effective
Better clinical decision-making
Image Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/childrensalliance/3191862260/ 34
Being Smart in Healthcare
Efficient
Faster care
Time & cost savings
Reducing unnecessary tests
Equitable
Access to providers & knowledge
Patient-Centered
Empowerment & better self-care
35
Landmark Institute of Medicine Reports
36
Patient Safety
To Err is Human (IOM, 2000) reported
that:
44,000 to 98,000 people die in U.S.
hospitals each year as a result of
preventable medical mistakes
Mistakes cost U.S. hospitals $17 billion to
$29 billion yearly
Individual errors are not the main problem
Faulty systems, processes, and other
conditions lead to preventable errors
37
Summary of These Reports
38
To Err is Human 1: Attention
Image Source: Suthan Srisangkaew, Department of Pathology, Facutly of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital 40
To Err is Human 3: Cognition
Cognitive Errors - Example: Decoy Pricing
# of
The Economist Purchase Options People
# of
The Economist Purchase Options People
41
What If This Happens in Healthcare?
It already happens....
(Mamede et al., 2010; Croskerry, 2003; Klein,
2005; Croskerry, 2013)
42
Cognitive Biases in Healthcare
Klein JG. Five pitfalls in decisions about diagnosis and prescribing. BMJ. 2005 Apr 2;330(7494):781-3.
43
Common Errors
Medication Errors
Drug Allergies
Drug Interactions
Ineffective or inappropriate treatment
Redundant orders
Failure to follow clinical practice guidelines
44
Being Smart #3:
To Err is Human
45
Clinical Decision Making
PATIENT
Perception
CLINICIAN
Attention
Inference
DECISION
Elson, Faughnan & Connelly (1997) 46
Reducing Errors through Alerts & Reminders
47
Why We Need ICT
in Healthcare?
49
Fragmented Healthcare
http://www.dplindbenchmark.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/HHRI-Our-Health-Care-River.pdf 50
Why We Need ICT
in Healthcare?
Guideline adherence
Better documentation
Practitioner decision making or
process of care
Medication safety
Patient surveillance &
monitoring
Patient education/reminder
53
Being Smart #4:
Link IT Values to
Quality (Including Safety)
54
Health IT
Slide adapted from: Mark Landry, WHO WPRO & Dr. Boonchai Kijsanayotin 56
eHealth & Health IT
eHealth Health IT
Health Goal
Information Value-Add
Technology Tools
58
Various Forms of Health IT
Electronic
Health
Records Picture Archiving and
(EHRs) Communication System
(PACS)
59
Health IT Beyond Hospitals
Health Information
Exchange (HIE)
m-Health
Telemedicine &
Telehealth
60
Images from Apple Inc., Geekzone.co.nz, Google, PubMed.gov, and American Telecare, Inc.
Health IT for Medication Safety
Automatic Electronic
CPOE
Medication Medication
Dispensing Administration
Records
(e-MAR)
Barcoded
Medication Barcoded
Dispensing Medication
Administration
61
Health Information Exchange
Government
Hospital A Hospital B
Clinic C
Lab Patient at Home
62
...
My Life-Long Dream...
63
Achieving Health Information Exchange (HIE)
N = 3, Interface = 3
N = 5, Interface = 10
# Interfaces = N(N-1)/2
. . :
Health Data Standards Expo: From Reimbursement to Clinical Excellence; 2011 Aug 8-9;
Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok (Thailand): Mahidol University, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi
Hospital; 2011 Aug.
http://www.slideshare.net/nawanan/myths-and-truths-on-health-information-standards
66
Myths & Truths on Standards
Myths
We dont need standards
Standards are IT peoples jobs
We should exclude vendors from this
We need the same software to share data
We need to always adopt international
standards
We need to always use local standards
Theera-Ampornpunt (2011) 67
Being Smart #5:
Go for Systems that Use
Standards, Not a Unified,
Conquer-the-World System
69
A Smart Machine: DeepMind
74
Clinical Decision Support Systems
Friedman (2009) 75
Being Smart #6:
Dont Replace
Human Users.
Use ICT to Help Them
Perform Smarter & Better.
76
Unintended Consequences of Health IT
Some Risks of Clinical Decision Support Systems
Alert Fatigue
77
Unintended Consequences of Health IT
Workarounds
78
Being Smart #7:
Health IT Also Have
Risks &
Unintended Consequences
79
Balanced Focus of Informatics
Technology
People Process
80
Being Smart #8:
Balance Your Focus
(People, Process, Technology)
81
IT & Organizational Context
The current location
The speed
83
Vision, Mission & IT Strategies
. 900 . 200
Vision Vision High
Tech High
Touch
84
IT as The Sail
Operational
86
Being Smart #10:
Identify Your
Strategic IT Assets
87
The Sailors
People
Techno-
Process
logy
88
The Sailors
. 900 . 200
42
32
(range 20-65) (range 20-57)
IT IT
interaction
HIS
,
, , turn-
over rate
89
The Special People
94
A True Story of Failure to
Involve Users in Hospital IT
Implementation
95
Being Smart #12:
Involve Users Early &
Intensively in Your Process
96
Gartner Hype Cycle
Rogers (2003)
98
Success Factors of Hospital IT Adoption
Communications of project plans & progresses
Workflow considerations
Management support of IT projects
Common visions
Shared commitment
Multidisciplinary user involvement
Project management
Training
Innovativeness
Organizational learning
100
Summary
To become a smart hospital, you must
Know what is smart all about
Know how to use smart machines
together with smart people
Manage both of them smartly
101
Q&A
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Contacts
nawanan.the@mahidol.ac.th
www.tc.umn.edu/~theer002
Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
Line ID: NawananT
102