Deflection

BY
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bashar S. Mohammed
2012 INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PETRONAS SDN BHD
All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the permission of the copyright owner.
 Deflection

The general requirement for EC2 is that neither the efficiency nor the appearance of a structure
is harmed by the deflection that will occur during its design life span. Therefore, the main
considerations outlined in the EC2 for reinforced concrete component are as following:

1. The final deflection of beam or slab (simply supported, continuous or

cantilever) should not exceed /250.

2. To avoid damage to fixtures and fittings, deflection after construction should not exceed
/500.

3. EC2 suggests that deflections should be calculated under the action of the quasi-
permanent load combination, assuming this loading to be for long-term application.

Note that in this chapter we will only consider the deflection calculation based on span-
effective depth ratios (/) as limiting / of a member is adequate to ensure that the
deflections are not excessive.
 Span Effective Depth Ratio

The equations to be used in this method are stated in EC2 clause 7.4.2.
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The above equations have been derived on the assumption that the steel stress under the
appropriate design load at mid-span of beam or slab at the support of cantilever is 310
MPa (corresponding roughly to = 500 MPa). Therefore, for other stress level, basic /
500
ratios should be multiplied by
, ,

In flanged sections, if the ratio of the flange width to the web exceeds 3 then the basic /
ratio to be multiplied by 0.8.

For two-way spanning slabs, the check for basic ratios should be based on the shorter span,
whereas for flat slabs calculation should be based on the longer span.

For beams and slabs (other than flat slabs), if the spans exceeding 7m then the value of l/d
is to be multiplied by 7 . For , reference should be made to clause 5.3.2.2 of the
EC2.
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Continue
 Example

A rectangular continuous beam of concrete grade 25 MPa and 10 m span. If the breadth is 300
mm, check the acceptability of an effective depth of 600 mm when high yield reinforcement
of 500 MPa is used. At ultimate limit state it is determined that , is 1250 mm2 and
, is 1470 mm2.

Solution
Continue.
 THANK YOU
2012 INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PETRONAS SDN BHD
All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the permission of the copyright owner.