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Earth and Life Science

Name: __________________________ Grade & Section: _________


Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter before each number.

________1. Relative to the age of the universe, how old is our solar system?
A. it is about 1% as old as the universe
B. it is between about 5% and 10% as old as the universe
C. it is about one-third the age of the universe
D. it is nearly the same age as the universe
________2. What do astronomers mean by the Big Bang?
A. the event that marked the beginning of the expansion of the universe
B. a gigantic explosion that blew all the galaxies in the universe to smithereens
C. the explosion of a massive star at the end of its life
D. the event that marked the birth of our solar system
________3. Which of the following best describes what we mean by the universe?
A. the sum total of all matter and energy
B. a vast collection of stars like the grains of sand on all the beaches on Earth
C. all the galaxies in all the superclusters
D. the universe is another name for our Milky Way Galaxy
________4. Which scientist played a major role in overturning (opposing) the ancient
idea of an Earth-centered universe?
A. Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo C. Newton and Einstein
B. Aristotle and Copernicus D. Aristotle and Plato
________5. This hypothesis about the solar system states that a collision of the sun
and a comet lead to the formation of planets.
A. Nebular Hypothesis C. Encounter Hypothesis
B. Protoplanet Hypothesis D. Big Bang Hypothesis
________6. When a volcanic eruption spews gases and ash into the air, which two
spheres are interacting?
A. hydrosphere and geosphere C. geosphere and atmosphere
B. biosphere and geosphere D. biosphere and atmosphere
________7. The earth is a closed system when:
A. energy is interchanged
B. when matter does not leave the system
C. it is compose of energy and matter
D. there is a rate of change between the amount of matter and energy
________8. The layers of the atmosphere are based on temperature change, as you
move up through the troposphere, temperature __________.
A. increases C. decreases
B. it depends D. remains the same
________9. This gaseous element composed the majority of Earths atmosphere:
A. Oxygen C. Nitrogen
B. Hydrogen D. Argon
________10. The Earths oceans composed __ % of all the waters in the hydrosphere.
A. 2% C. 0.05%
B. 0.7% D. 97%
________11. Earths twin planet is ______.
A. Neptune C. Mars
B. Venus D. Jupiter
________12. When the water vapor in air gets cold and changes back into liquid,
forming clouds; this process is called ___________.
A. precipitation C. evaporation
B. condensation D. transpiration
________13. A group of ecosystems that have similar climates and organisms that
occupy a distinct region is called?
A. community C. biosphere
B. biome D. biota
________14. The outer core is made up of:
A. solid iron and nickel C. solid iron and aluminum
B. liquid iron and nickel D. liquid iron and aluminum
________15. Scientists believed that this layer is responsible for Earths magnetic
field.
A. asthenosphere C. mantle
B. crust D. core
________16. The basic building block of rocks is _________________.
A. fossils C. compounds
B. minerals D. crystal
________17. Rocks made from hot melted rock that cools and hardens are called
__________.
A. sedimentary C. compound
B. igneous D. metamorphic
________18. Rocks made from other rocks are called __________.
A. sedimentary C. compound
B. igneous D. metamorphic
________19. Small pieces of rock, mud, sand, clay and silt that are carried away by
water from one place to another are called __________.
A. fossils C. sediments
B. magma D. lava
________20. The following are criteria for something to be a mineral except:
A. it must be solid
B. it has a crystal structure
C. it is made of non-living material
D. it has electron storage and has the ability to release energy
________21. According to the Mohs Mineral Hardness Scale, _______ is the softest rock.
A. calcite B. talc C. diamond
D. feldspar
________22. According to the Mohs Mineral Hardness Scale, _______ is the hardest rock.
A. calcite B. talc C. diamond
D. feldspar
________23. When metamorphic rocks undergo melting it forms _________ rock when it
cools.
A. sedimentary C. compound
B. igneous D. metamorphic
________24. When igneous rocks undergo weathering and erosion, it forms:
A. sedimentary C. compound
B. igneous D. metamorphic
________25. Is the breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals as well as wood and
artificial materials through contact with the earths atmosphere, waters and
biological organisms.
A. sedimentation C. melting
B. erosion D. weathering

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