(SOSC1960)[2012](s)quiz~=jqj28^_97890.pdf downloaded by kcwongaz from http://petergao.net/ustpastpaper/down.php?course=SOSC1960&id=1 at 2017-07-02 09:06:53. Academic use within HKUST only.

1. Which of the following sequences best indicates the order of the steps involved in scientific method?
identify questions of interest -> formulate an explanation -> carry out research -> communicate the
findings
2. To study human memory, a researcher is conducting a detailed examination of a patient with some
brain injury. This researcher is undertaking:
A case study
3. Velma found a positive correlation between self-reported alcohol and drug use and sick days taken in a
study of white-collar workers. A graph of her results would show:
a diagonal line from the bottom left to the top right.
4. In a psychology experiment, one group of participants is exposed to stress; another is not. All
participants' performance on a manual task is then examined. Which pair correctly identifies a variable
in this experiment?
independent variable-stress
5. In a survey study, a researcher found a correlation of .60 between self-reported happiness and
frequency of doing voluntary services. What can this researcher conclude based on this finding alone?
Happiness leads to helping behavior
Helping others produces positive mood.
Health makes people happy and more willing to help others.
None of the above.
6. In a beginning drawing class, your instructor suggests that an illusion of depth may be created in a
two-dimensional picture by including parallel lines that converge at a vanishing point. Your instructor is
making reference to a monocular depth cue known as:
linear perspective.
7. The difference between the image of a scene received by the right eye and that received by the left eye
can serve as a depth cue termed:
retinal disparity.
8. A phenomenon in which physical objects are perceived as unvarying and consistent despite changes in
their appearance or in the physical environment is known as _____________.
perceptual constancy
9. Anna is reading her psychology text. The activation of receptors in her retina is called ________; her
interpretation of the stimuli as particular words is termed _______.
sensation; perception
10. A snack manufacturer wants to make its chips saltier, but it doesn't want to spend more than it has to
on salt. A sample of consumers are asked to compare its current chip (saltiness = 100) with saltier
versions and to say whether the new version is saltier. On average, sample consumers reliably say the
new chip is saltier when its saltiness value is 108, but not when its saltiness value is below 108.
Assuming these sample consumers are representative of people in general, which of the following best
represents the just noticeable difference for saltiness?
8 percent
11. A researcher argues that dreams function to rehearse and consolidate memories. This researcher
subscribes to the __________ theory of the function of dreams.
Dreams for survival
(SOSC1960)[2012](s)quiz~=jqj28^_97890.pdf downloaded by kcwongaz from http://petergao.net/ustpastpaper/down.php?course=SOSC1960&id=1 at 2017-07-02 09:06:53. Academic use within HKUST only.

12. Sudden awakenings from non-REM, non-dreaming sleep that are accompanied by extreme fear, panic,
and strong psychological arousal are called __________________.
night terrors
13. Which of the following does NOT characterize the REM sleep?
fast heartbeat
intense brain activity
vivid dreams
increases in the activity of skeletal muscles
14. Which of the following are just myths about hypnosis?
People may be induced to engage in self-destructive acts when hypnotized.
People always tell the truth when they are hypnotized.
People may be induced to perform antisocial behaviors when hypnotized
All of the above are myths
15. Brief periods of "spiky" brain wave patterns called sleep spindles are characteristic of ____ sleep.
Stage 2
16. Which of the following reinforcers is INCORRECTLY categorized?
foodprimary reinforcer
moneyprimary reinforcer
praisesecondary reinforce
None of these are incorrectly categorized.
17. On most occasions, you let others into your lane. Sometimes, these drivers acknowledge the favor in
some way; sometimes, though, they don't. The behavior of letting drivers in is maintained by
__________ reinforcement.
negative
partial
intermittent
both partial and intermittent
18. ____________ refers to a decrease in the response to a stimulus when it is presented repeatedly,
whereas _________ refers to the eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when an
unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented.
Habituation;extinction
19. You toss a newly purchased toy mouse across the floor; your cat chases it excitedly, clutches it in her
paws and rolls around with it. Several tosses later, your cat looks not interested anymore and settles
herself for sleep. The change in your cat's behavior illustrates:
habituation.
20. Mrs. Martin, a third-grade teacher, is instructing cursive writing. At first, she reinforces even very rough
attempts to reproduce letters with encouraging praise; as time goes on, though, she reinforces only
well-formed letters. By reinforcing progressively better attempts at writing letters, Mrs. Martin is using:
shaping
21. If your father taught you how to ride a bike when you were a child, but you have not ridden one in
twenty years, you will rely on your ____________ memory to remember how to ride the bike now.
procedural
(SOSC1960)[2012](s)quiz~=jqj28^_97890.pdf downloaded by kcwongaz from http://petergao.net/ustpastpaper/down.php?course=SOSC1960&id=1 at 2017-07-02 09:06:53. Academic use within HKUST only.

22. Memory for general knowledge and facts about the world as well as memory for the rules of logic that
are used to deduce other facts is known as ____________ memory.
semantic
23. Rehearsal serves to:
refresh sensory memory.
keep information in short-term memory.
transfer information to long-term memory.
Both B and c
24. Nana is taking a Spanish final at the end of the spring semester. The problem is, the French vocabulary
she learned the semester before keeps getting in the way, causing her to forget Spanish words. Nana is
experiencing ________ interference.
proactive
25. Which theory of forgetting is CORRECTLY matched with its description?
decayInformation is lost over time as a result of nonuse.
interferenceForgetting occurs when there are too few cues to help recall the information.
cue-dependentForgetting occurs because other information in memory disrupts the retrieval of the
information we are trying to remember.
All of these are correctly matched.