Exercise Due Date: 10 AM, 11th July 2017, Mr. Luluans Pigeon Hole.

PITFALLS IN SEISMIC AMPLITUDE INTERPRETATION: EQUIVALENT SEISMIC RESPONSES

(AMPLITUDE/REFLECTIVITY) ON HARD SHALE OVERLYING SANDSTONE WITH DIFFERENT RESERVOIR
QUALITY (POROSITY) AND DIFFERENT PORE FLUIDS.

There are some pitfalls in Seismic Amplitude Interpretation, one of the cases is because of different
reservoir quality (porosity) with different fluid.

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The case study below is one of the examples taken from well log data, and answer the following
questions:

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- Calculate AI of different lithology: Hard Shale, Brine Sand and Oil Sand.
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- Calculate the reflectivity and possible seismic amplitude (SEG) from the models below:
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- Hard Shale Hard Shale

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Sandstone with Brine Sandstone with Oil

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- Identify which of the models represent the sandstone with high porosity (good reservoir quality)
sand and which one with poor reservoir quality. Hint: provide your answer based on your
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understanding on reservoir quality and pore fluids.

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GASSMANN FLUID REPLACEMENT MODELING EXERCISE

For the purpose of water-flooding monitoring by using time lapse seismic, calculate the reservoir rock
velocity changes from 10% water saturation become 80% water saturation. The reservoir data are as
follow:

- Reservoir rock composed by 90% of quartz and 10% of clay

- Bulk modulus of quartz is 36 GPa and clay is 22 GPa

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- Initial P-velocity is 3500 m/s

- Initial S-wave is 2800 m/s

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- Oil density is 0.2 g/cc

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- Water density is 09 g/cc

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- Quartz density is 2.65 g/cc

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- Clay density is 2.2 g/cc

- Water bulk modulus is 2.5 GPa

- Oil bulk modulus is 0.02 GPa iP

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- Porosity is 0.25

Hint: Use slide 17 to 19 on Fluid replacement modeling.

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