Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Part 3
Copyright 2004 WI Ltd Name
Sound Generation
Hammers (Wheel tapers)
Magnetostrictive
Lasers
Piezo-electric
magnetostrictive
- + + - - +
X X
25 MHz Shear
Probe
Housing
Damping
Transducer
Backing
medium
Damping
Transducer
Probe
Shoe
Perspex wedge
Copyright 2004 WI Ltd Name
Probe Design
Advantages
Twin Crystal Can be focused
Transmitter Receiver Measure thin plate
Near surface
resolution
Disadvantages
Difficult to use on
curved surfaces
Sizing small defects
Focusing Signal amplitude /
Separator /
lens focal spot length
Insulator
Copyright 2004 WI Ltd Name
Sound Intensity
Comparing the intensity of 2 signals
I 0 P0
I1 P1
Electrical power proportional to the
square of the voltage produced
2 2
P0 (V0 ) I 0 (V0 )
2 Hence 2
P1 (V1 ) I1 (V1 )
Copyright 2004 WI Ltd Name
Sound Intensity
2
I 0 (V0 )
2 Will lead to large ratios
I1 (V1 )
2
I0 (V0 )
Therefore Log..10 Log..10 2
I1 (V1 )
I0 V0
Log..10 2Log..10 BELS
I1 V1
I0 V0
Log..10 20 Log..10 dB
I1 V1
Copyright 2004 WI Ltd Name
2 signals at 20% and 40% FSH.
What is the difference between them in dBs?
H0
dB 20 Log..10
H1
40
dB 20 Log..10 20 Log..102
20
dB 20 0.3010
dB 6dB
Copyright 2004 WI Ltd Name
2 signals at 10% and 100% FSH.
What is the difference between them in dBs?
H0
dB 20 Log..10
H1
100
dB 20 Log..10 20 Log..1010
10
dB 201
dB 20dB
Copyright 2004 WI Ltd Name
Amplitude ratios in decibels
2:1 = 6bB
4:1 = 12dB
5:1 = 14dB
10 : 1 = 20dB
100 : 1 = 40dB
Contact scanning
Gap scanning
Immersion testing
Water
path
distance
Defect