Laboratory Manual

Surveying for CET CCEV 202

2

9

Wentworth Institute of Technology

Department of Civil, Construction & Envirorunent

Wentworth Institute of Technology

Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

Fa112009

CCEV202 Lab: Surveying for C.E.T.

Weekly Course Pian (See Henaout Book for Weekly Assignment)

Week 1 Field Notebook Set-up, Pacing, Survey Math and Trigonometry Refresher.

Week 2 Part One-Ties to Traverse Points and Part Two- Double Taping Traverse Distances

Week 3 Differential Leveling (Beatty Hall Loop)

Week 4 Differential Leveling and Topography (Intermediate Foresights)

Week 5 Closing the Horizon (Double Angles) (theodolite)

Week 6 Interior Angles in a Closed Traverse (theodolite, non-fixed targets)

Week 7 Traversing with Total Stations

Week 8 Traversing with Total Stations (Ties, Interior Anqles, Distances)

Week 9 Site Detail Location wI Electronic Total Station

Week 10 Topographic Survey and Data Collector

Week 11 Construction Layout: Utilities wI offsetsl grades

Week 12 Horizontal Curve Layout

Week 13 Field Test

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment Surveying Equipment Checkout Form

THIS FORM MUST BE FILLED OUT COMPLETELY INCLUDING THE NAMES OF THE STUDENTS IN THE PARTY LETTERED NEATLY ALONG WITH A READABLE SIGNATURE OF EACH STUDENT BEFORE YOU ENTER THE SURVEY LOCKER. UNLESS THE FORM IS FILLED OUT CORRECTLY NO EQUIPMENT WILL BE ISSUED. THERE IS TO BE NO MORE THAN ONE PARTY PERMITTED IN THE SURVEY LOCKER AT ANY TIME. BE SURE AND CHECK THE EQUIPMENT WHEN YOU RECEIVE IT, AS YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR IT WHILE IT IS IN YOUR POSSESSION. THE PARTY CHIEF MUST LEAVE A VALID WENTWORTH STUDENT I.D. IN THE SURVEY LOCKER WHILE THE EQUIPMENT IS IN USE.

COURSE No. LAB SECTION:
--'-'-'-'-----'--'''''''---",,--"
DATE: SURVEY PARTY NO: ON THE ABOVE DATE WE HA VE RECEIVED THE EQUIPMENT LISTED BELOW WHICH WE PROMISE TO RETURN IN GOOD CONDITION OR TO REIMBURSE THE WENTWORTH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR ANY DAMAGE INCURRED WHILE SIGNED OUT IN OUR NAMES,

PdntName Signature
Chief of Party:
Party Member:
Party Member:
Party Member: Equipment WIT Part No, Quantity Checked Out/Comment Checked III
Safety Cone
Total Station
Total Station Battery
Theodolite
Automatic Level
Tripod
Fiberglass Rod

100' Steel Tape
100' Fiberglass/Cloth Tape
Plumb Bobs w/ Gammon Reels
Spring Balance
Hand Level
Tape Clamp Handle
Chaining Pins

Prisrn/Tribrach Kit/Bag
Prism Pole/ Mini-Prism Kit
I-l arnmer
Clipboard
Keel
Nails
Stakes Returned in Good Condition: DATE: Instructor's Initials:

------------- --------------

';:~ §' .~
'x
:~: Q,. i::
e ~ 0
aa Ql '!I
.:t ::
Q', 0 'j
.;;:J .. ct..
$1 .' ~
i=; .~ Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #1

LAB TITLE: Field Notebook Set-up and Pacing

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Set-up a surveying field notebook for use during the semester

and record professional notes, including a sketch for a simple lab exercise. Determine the student's individual length of pace, and estimate the length of a line using their pacing.

EQUIPMENT: Field Notebook

Straightedge and curve template TI30Xa Calculator

PROCEDURE: Using the Institute "Surveying Field Notebook Standards" each student will setup the index on the first page of his/her field notebook. Once the index is complete, the student should go to the pacing course that is located on the concrete sidewalk on the north side of Beatty Hall (Building #8). Using the next available page in the notebook, and on the right hand leaf, draw a sketch of the pacing course in relationship to the surrounding buildings. To complete the pacing exercise follow the steps listed below:

1. Starting at the end of the concrete walk nearest the Physical Plant Building, walk east at a natural pace, counting the number of paces until you reach the yellow keel line on the walk near Building #2A. A pace is two "steps".

2. Create a table and record the number of paces on the left hand leaf of your notebook.

3. Turn and repeat the procedure outlined in Step # 1, walking from east to west, (from the keel line to the end of the concrete walk).

4. Repeat Step #1.

5. Repeat Step #2. At this point there should be four (4) pace counts recorded in the notebook table. If the difference between the maximum and minimum pace count is less than four, go to Step #6; otherwise; keep pacing until you have four (4) values within this tolerance.

6. Find the average of the four pace counts.

7. To determine your length of pace, divide 400' (the measured length of the pacing course) by the average pace count. Show the answer to the nearest tenth of a foot. Show the calculations for Steps #6 & 7in the field notebook.

Field Notebook Set-up and Pacing Lab con't.

8. Now that you have determined your length of pace, Apply this lmowledge to estimate the length of a line. This line of unknown length is laid out on the sidewalk on the north side of Parker Street between Ward Street and Ruggles Street.

9. On the right land leaf on the next page in the field notebook, make a sketch of the line in relationship to the surrounding buildings.

10. Starting at either end of the line, repeat Steps 1 through 6 above.

11. To estimate the length of the line, multiply the average pace count by your length of pace. Show this calculation neatly on the left hand leaf recording the answer to the nearest foot.

12. Enter this lab in your field notebook index (No grades will be entered in the notebook unless the index is up to date) ..

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: This information will be discussed at the beginning of the laboratory session,

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

Surveying Laboratory Safety Rules

i '

Unlike a typical laboratory setting, surveying labs are conducted outside, where during the course of the lab, you will be in contact with other people who are not participating in the lab. It is for this reason that Special Safety Rules are required. The surveying labs on Wentworth's Boston Campus offer the student an opportunity to experience city surveying techniques, as well as the related problems caused by pedestrians and traffic. It is important that during the lab, students constantly think about SAFETY in the work area. Inappropriate action by anyone student will affect the lab grade for the entire field party. Violation of any of the specific rules listed below or working in an unsafe manner will result in either a reduced lab grade or zero for the day.

1. DO NOT leave the equipment unattended.

2. DO NOT take the equipment into the buildings during the lab.

3. DO NOT sit or stand on the instrument boxes, whether they are full or empty.

4. DO NOT climb fences.

5. DO NOT break or cut shrub and tree branches. If you have problems with lines of sight,

inform the instructor.

6. DO NOT write unnecessarily on surfaces with keel.

7. DO NOT misuse surveying equipment.

8. DO NOT tape over vehicles in parking lots.

9. DO NOT leave equipment where people may trip over it.

10. USE SAFETY CONES when taping on walks and parking areas.

11. PICKUP all stakes and equipment at the end of the lab and return it to the survey locker.

BY OBSERVING THESE RULES YOU WILL PROVIDE A SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENT FOR YOURSELVES AS WELL AS THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO PASS THROUGH THE V,rORK AREA. SAFETY TRAn-·HNG IS AN Il\![PORTANT ASPECT OF THE SURVEYING LABORATORY EXPERIENCE.

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

Surveying Field Notebook Standards

Surveying field notes are the permanent records of work done in the field. If the notes are incomplete, incorrect, or, unreadable, much or all of the time spent making accurate measurements may be lost.

The data in field notes is normally used by office personnel in computations, or in the preparation of plans. Accordingly, it is essential that field notes be intelligible to others without verbal explanations. The Reinhardt System of lettering is generally employed for clarity and speed.

Original notes are those taken while measurements are being made. All others are copies and must be so marked. Copied notes may not be accepted in court. They are always subject to suspicion because of the possibility of errors and omissions. The value of a distance or an angle placed in the field notebook from memory, half an hour after observation is definitely unreliable.

Students are tempted to scribble notes on scrap sheets of paper for later transference in neat f0TI11 to the field notebook. This practice defeats the purpose of a surveying course, which is to provide experience in taking notes under actual job conditions. In actual practice, a surveyor is not likely to spend his/her own time at night transcribing scribbled field notes. Certainly, the employer will not pay him/her for this evidence of incompetence. Notes taken at the time a measurement is taken are the only legal field notes.

For all these reasons and others too numerous and obvious to mention, the Department has found it necessary to develop Field Notebook Standards for all surveying courses offered at Wentworth.

Required Personal Lab Equipment: Every student is required to bring the equipment listed below to every laboratory session.

1. Surveying Field Notebook

2. Surveying I Laboratory Manual

3. Straightedge and curve template

4. 3H or 4H Pencil

Surveying Field Notebook Standards (cont.)

Standard Rules for Recording Field Notebook Data:

I. Use a sharp 3H or 4H pencil for all lettering and sketches.

2. NEVER ERASE, cross out errors neatly with a straightedge so that the incorrect value is still legible; re- letter above it the correct data.

3. Use #4 lettering (approximately 1/8", which is one-half the distance between horizontal rulings in the field notebook) this will allow room to letter in corrections.

4. Do not use guidelines for lettering, but you must use the Reinhardt style.

5. No freehand sketches are to be done. You must use a straightedge and a curve template for arcs.

6. Keep your index up to date. Notebooks will not be graded if the index is not COMPLETE and UP TO DATE.

7. Follow the given illustrations for maintaining the index properly and the heading of

each exercise.

8. Do not mix upper case (UC) and lower case (LC) lettering.

9. Sketches need not be drawn to scale, but should maintain good proportion.

10. Put a north arrow on. all sketches. Orient the sketch so that the north arrow points up the page.

n DO NOT CROWD YOUR DATA OR SKETCHES, go to another page.

12. Do not letter in pen or with colored pencils. Field notes taken in ink will receive a grade of zero.

13. Enter ALL field data directly into the field notebook. The field notebook is a record of your activities in the laboratory. Therefore, each week is numbered as a lesson regardless of whether you are in the field or confined to the classroom because of inclement weather. If you have more than one exercise during the lab, list the lessons as: a,b,c, etc.

CJhapier 4 LETTER1NG

}l,1 'rl,,,, r)':ll"')f~r"\l""" ~'l.,l'·'o")'\re: ·T'('j'{··.1''::: t,!)· t·.'!",·~ use (1:(' hd '·.prJntr ou P:1·'·o·iliJ",,··,,\·:···,n·

't;::t" "". lA.\: .. 1:,1.,,,,..,.'- .... 0 L . .._.I.~A ..... ,.' \' .~~, " ,~\, ~~.\" "~~ •.• ,\ ••• ~ .,~. ,.~. "--~ ~j .. :J..~

drlil.\yingl::':. In [I. LJ'u~1.{.1 ~tm8C'.: the :;:;lliljr.'tt. of J(C·(.tering i~ :J ,li;-:(.ill(:,t ·brnn(·.b of d{~ign, Then' m'e two )lJ'.l"l(·'nd ('bN~{;:':-; .;A P('·I'~\HI,S 'i\'h·q :l,re 1.nt.('\r.(~:;;,.t,(~d in it;<i s.t,ud v .tirst, th'.Jl!\e who ha;1'(~. t,(j Uf<C J(y(/,eps arid ~nH'tL~ 1.1) t',t~})y(~y infcrn.na,l,ton

~. " . .

on (l!'fj\y"ings.; and second. 1:.lH)l::;(~ who USB l.ett·ering hi a,.p-plled c]{·k·,lgn, s~.mh a,~~.

art students, lJrti~{,l3, and erafHm."H.:n .. '111(' fir~t group b C:01]:"·u~n-Dd mainly

. ·wh.b In.g'ilJUit.:'(T and. speed, the second with J,}eauty of :ful'rr~ and ('.urnp.oH.;itlvn.

AT'('hltr'('t.s come under ))o;i,h e"hi;-;''-J,(:'i':), n,l!' they not on1y httve t.u letter their Ivoddn.g dn);'X"d.ngs but nlt;\t\ lIfl,V(:\ to d(~"H.i.g;n inscriptions a.n.d tnhtet,,:: to lH~ e):{'7.eut,ed 1U :-;tone. ·01' bronze ..

The 'f:;,n·g1T.H:w~ring f:lt.l.ld.nnt. tn,kE.;'; up .10tt,erlng L~B his "f1rst work in dra:\ying; ~.md continues it.;::, pnu·t'h·.o t,l1l't.l·\:l.~hslqt his Ci.IlrT'~e,. h.ty'[.)rnjng; .rn:m~e 8,nd m(rrt:

1 'p.' J f' ,

sxr I 11m .funu pl10.1Chm1,.

In trw t1,rt.of If:i,t.eri..ng t.11('I'1:: ;} re '"\";l,rHHlS forrm:; 01 flJVh,1h("1~';:; "'.:181.":(1, ench H,j'J!pnrpl'lat,e. J:0'J' some p,lrtl(,uhu' pU.rp02E:. 'fbc pDYC1.'lt of !,'d.\ thl.;.t-:.·f; sb~"les iB

'1~_ ~:~('"":~1(~ 1:)<-~, ... ~.·'·~'· ·tJ.;l··' ,'t-TT .. ~"~1··:)~)-!I~·~"b'" l"-·r·,~",·;,,'>·f'l'''l·-··· ('1"'j" , 1 ..j;,.'('" 1" 1''1'

I. . .q~:, ,t..., ~:'·..,v;n"j,l.l. ·0.1 \,. H· (. ;~ .. ~.,~,t{. -,.\.1. ·,,1,,·,·~.1. .IL::cCi 1 fh·U.l.~.. ..I ·:!L';\ }(·~~~·u ':Ul,1 li:"i.,,;,er

; ,'" ;j'1··:c) 1", f· ".~ I'iI • ... t ~ "'1 '"'1 i'.\ 1"1~~ 4~ ,., '1;"- ~~ ...... ~ l-e, 1 i' t~~· + .. , :-. '1:"'1 <1 ~11<'~ l~ .. ~ t (, t": 1 {. ~l" ""1'1 e'r- 1·, -j .. l"'\.J'~··V l"'L i"~ " ... ,'I· f' ~ '. ' ....... ~ " .... \ ~'.,,= "I

!cO:: 'OJ,1e I):,;r;t;.,\.' <:!:"I".(·L '~'".",", .. I .I. -. h ,,·,l I .: ll. .. ,.<,.~ ,.t:' :'\"""'" 1:" \': ;::;·'il.,,; c,,·,1 r-. '.<h. ';:;',r!' 1'1.,,,: .•. : . ,.< \' ~;~ '.) ~ .. (.",;-:':I (,1"." .. ~ .

[~~ 1)1)~~(:rJrJ D~te use for r,)t.J:u~r f fJi~!"r~ 8: .. ~. \..'Jt(':t~ as 1il~!·e g'of,) t l~i ~~ of thf;~~ l\JT{].(ll ~,~ /~'h.g(~~.- (rile

., .•. , I , ~;~l.:CS~~.;,f~. ,.\,,' 7.~ ;: .. ·"'M ~.l,: .. 1:,rt : ~ ,·l:~ ~ '."

J.~)rrD e!I \s·'!:.tJ.eb, ~ .. ,:' TY·Op·UL~~rr}.\e K:n,o .. \y·:n, g.~, ~u.~ .~4.·fr~:t.iiomJt.§ }t \'fl·.1'·t~3t..}{'Jr~

SINGLE-STROI(R INCLINE}) CAPS

,

II

, I

1f7l~ifj_'#/fY_ q{~' ;:Ii~r~if_ q~1-i~:t!!iJr ~,I ,;;c:Jrz

j "-~" '-;/ - -:-~ - 'i--:' __.,._ ... ,~- - ~ ~--"~ ". __ ._-- "_,_"p-----..-",__,_,_ -~ - ~. 'I. -t:·:;/ ""Y'--'- ---.-

- - ._ .'.... _: . -'--'-" _._--

[:

I,

~;'

II I,

I

FIG. J·29~Sinfl;le-strol.;,e inelinedeapsa.nd lower (',:\.se.

," ", :: .. :~. '

I:

slope roC ::::;. \) I. 'I-" ()l

I

I,

."

'~'.".' ... '."~."'." ,.t:x ....

'wi c:J~. ~

'f,~ ~.,. I~;;

'0

.':

..•... ~ ......•....•......... '.-=

.~ ..

TRAV£ RS E :11:5

SJdewalk2:_..

s-t e e. J Pin

Pn,...k""" r

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment Fa112008

CCEV202, Surveying for CET, Lab #1 Trigonometry Refresher.

To be successful in Surveying you need to be able to perform some very basic trigonometry calculations. The below concepts and formulas, and their application should be committed to memory. You will be using these constantly in the course:

1) In Surveying we measure all distances in Feet and decimal feet. We no NOT ever measure distances in Feet and inches. If you are working with plans prepared by an Architectthat have dimensions in Feet and Inches, you have to convert the inches to decimal feet.

For example: Something that an Architect-might refer to as being 18 inches, or 1 foot, 6 inches, a surveyor will measure and refer to as being 1.50' .

2) In Surveying we report all angles in Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds. We NEVER give an answer in decimal degrees. However, in order to use the trigonometric functions of your calculators, you must convert angular inputs that are in degrees, minutes and seconds to decimal degrees, perform your trigonometry calculations, and then convert BACK to degrees, minutes and seconds BEFORE reporting your results.

For example, if you had an angle that was 30 12 degrees, in surveying we would refer to this as being 30 degrees, 30 minutes, 0 seconds. Ifwe had this 30 degree, 30 minute angle, and we wanted to use it in a trigonometry calculation, we would first convert it to decimal degrees, 30.5000000 with our calculators, and then perform our trigonometry.

3) In surveying we rely SIGNIFICANTLY on Right Triangle Trigonometry. I can not stress enough how ESSENTIAL it is that you be able to perform right angle trigonometric calculations effortlessly, You should be able to use the three basic trig functions (sine, cosine, and tangent) and Pythagorean's Theorem to solve for any and all missing parts of a right triangle that you are given.

(See following page of this handout)

4) In surveying we rely OFTEN on the Law of Sines and Law of Cosines to solve oblique triangles (triangles where there is are no right angles).

(See second/allowing page of this handout)

C\I co

+

C\I

.0

II

C\I (J

Q)

-0 ro

L...

0>

~

o

II o o

....-

><

~I~

ill

-+-' -....

.- Q)

(j) U) ..0 0._

0..0:::

Q..._....

o

--

(j) o

U

en Q)

c

.-

(f)

'+-

o

S

CO ....J

.

..0 co N

o ...._

o

c

.-

W

II ..0

...._

CO c

.-

o:

II (\j

~

C

.-

if)

~

.....

CU

E Os:: 0')

o s:::

C') .-

.- ~

Sr.. CJ.)

I- t:: ~ :J

~cn

CO s.... .- 0 s... '«-

I-

N .0

+

N

CO

II

N o

(J) Q)

C

.......

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #2, Part 1

LAB TITLE: Ties to Traverse Points

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Properly use the plumb-bob, gammon reel and fully graduated (feet, tenths, and hundredths) fiberglass or cloth tape to measure horizontal distances. Develop note-keeping skills.

EQUIPMENT: Field Notebook

Straightedge and curve template 100' Fiberglass or cloth tape Plumb Bobs

Clipboard

PROCEDURE: The instructor will assign each field party a traverse. Using the traverse location map find all the traverse points. Take three ties to each point from well-defined physical features. Ideally the three ties should be about 1200 apart. Try to select ties that are not too far away from the point. These ties will be used to recover the points should they become covered or lost. Ties should be measured to the nearest 0.01' ,and the tape should be held horizontal during all measurements. Trees should NOT be used. For cylindrical objects be sure to note in the field book whether the ties are to the "face" or center of the object. For tapered objects, be sure to note the height where the tie measurement is taken.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will keep the ORIGINAL set of notes and the other members of the party will make a COpy at the end of the lab. The fieldnote format is on the following page of this manual. Be sure and take THREE ties to each traverse point. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for last week's lab so that you will not repeat the same errors!

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Envirorunent

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #2, Part 2

LAB TITLE: Double Taping Traverse Distances

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: To successfully work as a team (field party) to complete a complex professional surveying task. Master the techniques for making horizontal measurements using the 100 foot steel tape, plumbbobs, hand level and spring balance.

EQUIPMENT:

Field Notebook Straightedge and curve template

TI3 OXa Calculator 100' Steel Tape

Spring Balance

Six (6) PK nails wi flagging Hand Level

Plumb bobs

2 Safety Cones

PROCEDURE: Once each party has signed out equipment, and prior to parties going to work on their assigned traverses, the instructor will demonstrate the proper handling of the equipment and the proper procedure for taping traverse lines. Once each party goes to their assigned traverse they must first recover all their traverse points. Select any line and measure it using the following procedure:

1. First the line is paced so that an approximate distance can be determined.

2. Using the calculator this approximate distance is divided into the minimum number of approximately equal segments, each less than 100' in lengths. It is at these approximate distances where the intermediate taping points will be set.

Below is the taping procedure for a line broken into three segments, this should, of course be modified for lines less than 200' or greater than 300 '.

3. The rear chainman stands over the starting point; the note keeper (party chief) stands over the ending point.

4. The head chainman carries the reel end of the tape from the starting point toward the ending point. He continues until he reaches the distance where his first taping point is to be set, based on the calculations from Step 2, above. These segments need only be approximately equal within 10' is just fine, and under no circumstances should they be "laid out" at specific distances.

Double Taping Traverse Distances Lab con't.

5. Standing offline, the head chainman holds his plumb bob so the rear chainman can line it up between the plumb bob held by him over the starting point and the plumb bob held by the note keeper over the ending point. When the head chainman's plumb bob is on line; the rear chainman calls out "mark" or "good" and the head chainman lowers his plumb bob to the ground. CAUTION when taping on or across sidewalks or parking areas make sure to set out safety cones to alert people to the fact that the tape is there.

6. The head chainman now sets two small PK nails with flagging as taping points on line approximately one foot apart along the line near the plumb bob. The taping points need not be EXACTLY on the line as long as they are within 0.5' of being on the line they are fine.

7. The head chainman then moves up to the first set of taping points and steps five and six are repeated to set the rest of the pairs of taping points as may be required. All taping point pairs are set before any taping is commenced.

8. The chainman standing at the lowest elevation now uses the hand level to determine how much lower he is than the other chainman. This indicates how high the tape must be held to keep the tape level (Don't plumb any higher than your chest as it is impossible to maintain the proper tension). Always tape as low to the ground as you can and maintain a horizontal line AND get over any obstructions to your line.

9. The chainman at the higher elevation should try to hold right on the point if possible; if not plumb up as little as possible. The chainman at the lower elevation will have to use his plumb bob to plumb over the low point. The plumb bob string is held on the tape with the thumb so it can be slid back and forth along the tape.

10. The rear chainman holds zero on the starting point and the head chainman after applying the proper tension (use 20#), slides the plumb bob string along the tape until it is over the point where the rear PK nail is set. The plumb bob should occasionally touch the point to minimize swinging. When the plumb bob is exactly over the point, the head chainman should pinch the string on the tape and read the feet, tenths and hundredths of a foot. This information should be called out to the note keeper. The note keeper should record the measurement in the field notebook, and then READ back to the head chainman exactly what he actually wrote in the field notebook.

11. The rear chainman now moves ahead to the first rear PK lli1d the head chainman would move ahead to "rear" PK in the next pair.

12. The distance between the two "rear" PK's should now be measured using the techniques identified in steps 8, 9 and 10, above.

13< The rear chainman now moves ahead to the second rear PK and the head chainman moves ahead to ending point "8".

Double Taping Traverse Distances Lab con 't.

14. The distance between the second "rear" PK and the ending point "B" should now be measured using the techniques identified in steps 8, 9 and 10, above.

15. The process is then repeated taping back from point "B" to "A". Note that as you go from "B" to "A" the "rear" PK is the other PK, (that was not used) in the first taping of the line. By using different taping points (PK's) in each measurement of the line, completely independent measurements are assured.

16. Add the incremental measurements to determine two line values. Do this in the field notebook. The difference between these two sets of line measurements should not be more than 0.01; for each 100 feet measured. If the difference is greater than this tolerance then re-measure the line; otherwise continue with the next line.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will keep the ORIGINAL set of notes and the other members of the party will make a COpy at the end of the lab. The field note format is on the following page of this manual. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you will not repeat the same errors.

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Envirorunent

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #3

LAB TITLE: Differential Leveling (Beatty Hall Loop)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Demonstrate the proper care, handling and use of the automatic level. Run a closed level loop and determine the difference in elevation between two point utilizing intermediate turning points.

EQUIPMENT: Field Notebook

Straightedge and curve template TI30Xa Calculator

Automatic Level

Adjustable Leg Tripod Fiberglass Rod

Clipboard

Keel

One Safety Cone

. PROCEDURE: Once each lab group has signed out their equipment the instructor will demonstrate the proper use and care of the automatic level and then run a small level loop around the quadrangle. Each student will keep a set of field notes in his or her field notebook in order to become familiar with level note forms and calculations. Then each field party will run a closed level loop around Beatty Hall, to determine the elevation 011 the right outer corner of the granite step at the rear entrance to the building. Each party will begin their level run from the same benchmark, which will be the left outer corner of the TOP outside right corner of the granite step at the entrance to Watson Hall (Building #5). You may select as many turning points as you need, making sure that they are well-defined, solid points, and that the backsight and foresight distances are equal (within 10'). BE SURE and include a page check in your field notes. Your field notes should also include a sketch of the area covered and the location of the benchmarks leveled to (not the turning points). Each loop should include a minimum of four instrument setups. When you complete your first loop run a second loop. Repeat this procedure so that each member of the field party has the opportunity to run the instrument for one complete level run.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will keep the ORIGINAL set of notes and the other members of the party will make a COpy at the end of the lab. The field note format is on the following page of this manual. Your notes should also include a sketch. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you win not repeat the same errors.

-

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #4

LAB TITLE: Differential Leveling (Intermediate Foresights)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Run a closed level loop with an error of closure meeting a minimum professional standard. Determine the elevation of a series of points that are not part of the actual level loop but are intermediate points or "sideshots" from the loop. Produce professional field notes depicting your measurements.

EQUIPMENT: Field Notebook

Straightedge and curve template TI30Xa Calculator

Automatic Level

Adjustable Leg Tripod Fiberglass Rod

Clipboard

Keel

One Safety Cone

PROCEDURE: Each party will start their level loop from Bench Mark 4328 that is a square chisel cut in the bottom concrete step at the Parker Street entrance to Building #4. The elevation of the Bench Mark is 13.83' (NAVD 1988). Each party will run a closed level loop around the main cluster of Wentworth buildings, determining the elevation on a series of points listed in the table on the following page. Students should also determine the elevation on all traverse points in their party's traverse as they pass by them. Groups 7 & 8 will need to determine the elevation of points on one of the other six traverses and should consult the instructor as to which traverse to use for this portion of the exercise. Many of the elevations may be obtained as intermediate foresights. You may select as many turning points as you need, making sure that they are welldefined, solid points, and that the backsight and foresight distances are equal (within 10'). Please note that points BM "W-l1" & BM I'W-12" are on the UNDERSIDE of the concrete platform and the rod will be inverted for these two readings. BE SURE and include a page check in your field notes. Your field notes should also include a sketch of the area covered and the location of the benchmarks leveled to (not the turning points). All the points will be marked with keel. If you finish prior to the end of the lab, start a second loop with a different instrument person ancllevel as far as you can in the remaining time.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will keep the ORIGINAL set of notes and the other members of the party will make a COpy at the end of the lab. The field note format is on the following page ofthis manual. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you wilInot repeat the same errors.

Differential Leveling (Intermediate Foresights) Lab can't.

BMName Description
EM "W- 3" Left outer corner 4th step from bottom at main entrance.
EM "W-3A" Right outer corner 5th step from bottom at main entrance.
8M "W-4A" NE corner of "Main Entrance" sign on concrete surface near "M" in "Main".
BM "W-5" Right outer corner of granite step at door to power plant from faculty lot.
BM "W-IO" On concrete walk at traverse point 8 near south west corner of Willson Hall.
BM "W-ll" Left outer corner, underside of concrete platform, main entrance Beatty Hall.
EM "W-12" Right outer corner, underside of concrete platform, at the main entrance
Beatty Hall.
BM "W-IOO" left outer comer of the TOP outside right corner of the granite step at the
entrance to Watson Hall (This is the BM we used in the last exercise)
BM "W-13A" Edge of Concrete Walk at fence post at NW corner of tennis court.
BM "W-6" Left outer corner of concrete step at entrance to Dobb's Hall from parking
lot. (This is not the entrance where EM 4328 is located)
EM "W-7" Left outer corner of lower concrete step at the westerly entrance to Ira Allen.
BM "W-14" Right outer corner of concrete platform at the westerly entrance to Ira Allen. Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #5

LAB TITLE: Closing the Horizon (Double Angles)

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate the proper care, handling and use of the electronic theodolite. Use the adjustable leg tripod in combination with the optical plummet to properly set the instrument up, level, and over a specific point. Measure horizontal angles, both direct and reverse, to fixed targets, using the electronic theodolite as a repeating instrument.

EQUIPMENT: Field Notebook

Straightedge and curve template TI30Xa Calculator

Electronic Theodolite Adjustable Leg Tripod

One Wooden Stake wi Nail Hammer

PROCEDURE: This lab exercise will be carried out on the front lawn of Wentworth Hall. The instructor will demonstrate how to remove the theodolite fi'OITI the box, set it up, and explain the function of each of the controls. The instructor will also demonstrate how to properly use the adjustable leg tripod in combination with the optical plummet to properly set the instrument up, level, and over a specific point, as well as the proper procedure for measuring multiple sets of horizontal angles. There will be three targets set up on the front lawn and will be designated "A", "B" and "C". The first member of the field party will set the stake at a place from which all three targets are visible. They will then proceed to set the instrument up precisely over the nail in the stake. The first member will then measure an angle between each of the three targets (using the below specific procedure), and have the note keeper record the values of the single, double, and average angles in the notebook. The sum of the three average angles should total 360°. Then each successive member of the field party should repeat the procedure, being sure to move the stake approximately 5' between each crew members "turn". Along with the rotation of the instrument operator, the notekeeper should rotate so that every person operates the instrument AND takes a set of original notes.

Below is the specific button sequence and measurement procedure that must be followed:

1. Turn the power on by depressing the (POWER) button. All segments on the display will light within 2 seconds. Press the (V/%) key, loosen the VERTICAL MOTION CLAMP, and move the telescope up and down to index the vertical angle mode. V and H should be displayed at this time. CAUTION: THE CLAMP SCREWS NEED ONLY TO BE TURNED ABOUT A QUARTER OF A TURN TO LOCK AND UNLOCK THE MOTION. DO NOT FORCE THEM OR THE THREADS WILL STRIP! [

Closing the Horizon (Double Angles) Lab con 't, pg. 2.

2. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and using the collimator on the top of the telescope, sight on the first target, then looking thru the telescope set the vertical cross hair near the target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP, use the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW to put the vertical cross hair exactly on the center of the target.

3. Press (FUN C) key.

4. Press (REP) key. Set the horizontal scale to zero by pressing the (OSET) key twice. The display should show the horizontal angle as zero.

5. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and turn the instrument in a clockwise direction to the second target.

6. Using the collimator, sight on the second target, then looking thru the telescope, set the vertical cross hair near the target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION SCREW, and using the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW set the vertical cross hair exactly on the target.

7. The horizontal angle between the two targets will appear on the display just to the right of the letter "H",. and the letters "H,", Also the phrase "1 AVG" will be displayed.

8. Have the note keeper record this angle in the notebook as the single angle.

9. Press the (HOLD) key.

1 O. Making sure that the vertical motion clamp has been loosened, Invert or "Flop" the telescope.

11. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP, and re-collimate on the first target by looking thru the telescope and setting the vertical cross hair near the target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and use the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW to put the vertical cross hair exactly on the target.

12. Press the (RlL) key.

13. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP, and re-collimate on the second target by looking thru the telescope and setting the vertical cross hair nearthe target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and use the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW to put the vertical cross hair exactly on the target.

14. Press the (HOLD) key.

Closing the Horizon (Double Angles) Lab con 't, pg. 3.

15. The double horizontal angle between the two targets will appear on the display just to the right of the letters "H,"; the average angle will appear in the display just to the right of the letter "H", and the phrase "2 AVG" will also be displayed. NOTE: If the display shows E04 instead of an angular value then your single angle is off more than 30" from one half of the double angle, and the angle must be re-measured.

16. Have the note keeper record the double angle and the average angle in the notebook.

17. Repeat Steps 2 through 17 for the horizontal angle between the second and third targets. Repeat Steps 2 through 17 for the horizontal angle between the third and first targets.

18. Total the average values of your three angles and record in your field notebook. The theoretical total of these three angles should equal 3600 00' 00". Calculate the difference between your total and the theoretical value and record this difference in your field notebook.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: Each student in the field party will complete this laboratory assignment and have an original set of notes. The note keeper's original notes will not be for the set of measurements they took, but rather will be for one of the other group members. The field note format is on the following page of this manual. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you will not repeat the same errors.

, ,-

""-4;""

, .... "

!,' '\: '),';')"";';

i:m~jJ

}if°R.;ti(jrJ%dhtidjatt~,e;:n,bt:

',< '"

" "!rA~HIf'~~11dj~~

1~30pe,.ati:n_ ~'M'

:fi;;5~~~a~~\~~ ~Ya:

:(§i;(o'mrj

::;:::~::;;::::::;::::::;::. . .• ~ ..

'nltt~~~;~:'Jti<t,':

:a'" .;:

'lllurtHnat'ionofdlJ· 1a"on[""}

h---o~d;;.....;._...."...,;..;~,..;.;.;,:;.;.~~~~..;.;;;;.;;:.;;~~~~ :.,; ;<:.: ., ,.:.:,:" .. < .. :.: ..• : .. , J::I.'/ J!: ..

. ··· .• ·.>ih~;b1i~k~·fi~:~f9ii;~q·~.

··V~ngj.tfdf~;Ri;!jj·!t:(

; . '. "'cf~t;~~l~;~l, . · • .,9"pe~JntrJl$pl;.~·

:,,~:.. - .' "" '"., . .

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #6

LAB TITLE: Interior Angles in a Closed Traverse (theodolite, non-fixed targets)

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Measure multiple sets of horizontal angles to non-fixed targets using the electronic theodolite. Use the adjustable leg tripod in combination with the optical plummet to properly set the instrument up, level, and over a specific point. Tum all the angles in a closed figure in order to compare the sum of the interior angles from field measurements with the theoretical total.

EQUIPMENT: Field Notebook

Straightedge and circle template TI30Xa Calculator

Electronic Theodolite Adjustable Leg Tripod

3 Plumb Bobs

2 Safety Cones

PROCEDURE: This lab exercise will be carried out on your assigned traverse on Campus. Upon signing our your equipment you may begin turning up your interior angles on your traverse by selecting anyone of your traverse points and completing the following:

Set-up your theodolite precisely over one of your traverse points and level up the instrument as demonstrated. Angles turned MUST BE interior angles and turned to the right. This requires you to set zero on the adjoining point in you traverse (clockwise) from the point over which the instrument is set. Turn each interior angle (to the next point, counter-clockwise, from the point over which the instrument is set) four times; recording the single, double, and quadruple angles in your field notebook, as well as, the average angle of the quad. The procedure to be used is very similar to that used in the last lab, with the only difference being that you will continue turning angles after the double till you have turned four angles. Targets will be plumb-bob string and/or plumb bob targets.

1. Tum the power on by depressing the (POWER) button. All segments on the display will light within 2 seconds. Press the (V/%) key, loosen the VERTICAL MOTION CLAMP, and move the telescope up and down to index the vertical angle mode. V and H should be displayed at this time. CAUTION: THE CLAMP SCREWS NEED ONLY TO BE TURNED ABOUT A QUARTER OF A TURN TO LOCK AND UNLOCK THE MOTION. DO NOT FORCE THEM OR THE THREADS WILL STRIP!!

Interior Angles in a Closed Traverse (theodolite, non-fixed targets) Lab con 't, pg. 2.

2. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and using the collimator on the top of the telescope, sight on the first target (most likely plumb bob string, hanging freely directly over the back sighted point), then looking thru the telescope set the vertical cross hair near the target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP, use the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW to put the vertical cross hair exactly onthe center of the target.

3. Press (FUNC) key.

4. Press (REP) key.

5. Set the horizontal scale to zero by pressing the (OSET) key twice. The display should show the horizontal angle as zero.

6. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and tum the instrument in a clockwise direction to the second target.

7. Using the collimator, sight on the second target, then looking thru the . telescope, set the vertical cross hair near the target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION SCREW, and using the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW set the vertical cross hair exactly on the target.

8. The horizontal angle between the two targets will appear on the display just to the right of the letter "H", and the letters "H,". Also the phrase "I AVG" will be displayed.

i-----

!

9. Have the note keeper record this angle in the notebook as the single angle.

10. Press the (HOLD) key.

11. Making sure that the vertical motion clamp has been loosened, Invert or "Flop" the telescope.

12. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP, and re-collimate on the first target by looking thru the telescope and setting the vertical cross hair near the target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and use the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW to put the vertical cross hair exactly on the target.

13. Press the (RlL) key.

14. Loosen the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP, and re-collimate on the second target by looking thru the telescope and setting the vertical cross hair near the target, gently lock the HORIZONTAL MOTION CLAMP and use the HORIZONTAL TANGENT SCREW to put the vertical cross hair exactly on the target.

Interior Angles in a Closed Traverse (theodolite, non-fixed targets) Lab con 't, pg. 3.

15. Press the (HOLD) key.

16. The double horizontal angle between the two targets will appear on the display just to the right of the letters "H,"; the average angle will appear in the display just to the right of the letter "H", and the phrase "2 AVG" will also be displayed. NOTE: lfthe display shows E04 instead of an angular value then your single angle is off more than 3011 from one half of the double angle, and the angle must be re-measured.

17. Have the note keeper record the double angle in the notebook.

18. After you have successfully doubled the angle, turn off the power on the instrument, PLACE THE INSTRUMENT IN THE BOX and proceed to the next point, counter-clockwise, on your traverse, and repeat Steps 1 through 22 of the above procedure.

Interior Angles in a Closed Traverse (theodolite, non-fixed targets) Lab con 't, pg. 4.

After turning up all of the traverse angles, total them and record the total in the field notebook. Compare this total with (n - 2)180°, and record the difference in the field notebook.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will record the ORIGINAL notes for this exercise and the other students in the group will make copies at the end of the lab. Each student in the field party must set up the instrument and tum up at least two of the sets of angles and his/her initials should be recorded in the original notes beside the angular values that they measured. Depending on the size of the lab group, some traverse angles may have to be turned more than once so that each student will have turned up two sets. The field notebook format is as shown on the following page of this manual. Do not forget a detailed sketch of the traverse. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you will not repeat the same errors.

<%r'

.~!; i~

:I~~'f~'"'

, '.

l' r

I"· .

I

::'-~ ...

....

.

. ~.

.~.

I -,

!

.-

~~

RtRi!~~~i~lifl\~'ea'nf!a$ut.m.m.:G .... lJhit.~i~.~!;,;:q;~.~

".- .

·1···· t;,;.

···I!u·

IiMQvitl:g.:~~,,-t:J,Ji'~Jci,rlg·~~stt:w,tb,; jij;s.ht·

::I ANGLE MEASUREMENT

3.5 RepeUtion Angle Measurement

1\ Repetition angle measurement can be done by horizontal angle right measurement mode. Make sure the mode is Horizontal Angle Right measurement.

Operating procedure Operation

1 Press the [F4]( ~) key to get the function on page 2. [F4]

2 Press the [F2](REP)key. [F2]

.:3 Press the [F3](YES) key.

4 Collimate the target A and press the [F1] (08ET) key,

5 Press the [F3] (YES) key.

5 Collimate the target B using the horizontal clamp and tangent screw.

Pressthe [F4](HOLO) key.

7 Recollimate target A using the horizontal clamp and tangent screw, and press the [F3}(REL)key.

8 Recollimate target 8 using the horizontal clamp and tangent screw, and press the [F4](HOLD) key.

9 Repeat 7to 8 to measure the desired number of repetitions.

[F3]

COllimate A fF1]

[F3]

Collimate B [F4]

Collimate A [FS]

Collimate B [F4]

Display

V: 90°10 '20" Hit: 170°30' 20"

OSET BOLD HSE~ Plt TILT REP V% P2~

REPETl~ION ANGLE > OK:?

''"---

{YES] [NO]

REP-ANGLE COUNT [ 0]

Hi:.: 0000'00"

Hm:

OSET vIa REL HOLD

REPETITION ANGLE INITIALIZE

>.OK?

--- --- [YES1INO]

REP-ANGLE COUNT [ 0]

Ht: 0000'00"

Hm:

OSET ViR REL HOLD

REP~ANGLE COUNT [ 1]

Ht.:. 45°10'00"

Hm: 45° 10 I 00"

OSET VIR REL HOLD

REP-ANGLE COUNT [ 1]

Hi:.: 45°10'00"

Hm: 45°10' 00"

OSET VIR REL HOLD

REP-ANGLE COUNT[ 2]

Ht: 90°20 ' 00"

Hm: 45°10' 00"

OSET VIR REL HOLD

REP-ANGLE c;.OUNT[ 4] Ht: 180Q40'OO"

Um: 45QI0' 00" .nSET VIR REL HOLD

[Example] 4 measurement

11

j

I

\ I

!

1 j

i !

I

I j

l

i

I

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #7

LAB TITLE: Traversing with Total Stations

,

.1

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate the proper care, handling and use ofthe electronic total station. Demonstrate the proper care, handling and use of the prisrn/tribrach kit. Turn all the angles and measure all the distances in a closed figure using an electronic total station to fixed targets and/or prism poles/mini-prism. Compare the sum of the interior angles from these field measurements with the previous lab's (Interior Angles in a Closed Traverse with theodolite, non-fixed targets) results and the theoretical total.

EQUIPMENT: Field Notebook

Straightedge and circle template TI30Xa Calculator

Electronic Total Station

2 Adjustable Leg Tripods

Prism Pole and Mini-Prism Prism Kit/Bag

2 Safety Cones

PROCEDURE: Lab will begin with the instructor demonstrating the proper care handling, use and setup of the electronic total station, prism/tribrach kit, and prism pole/miniprism. This lab exercise will be carried out on your assigned traverse on Campus, After the demonstration, you may begin turning up your interior angles and measuring the distances on your traverse by selecting anyone of your traverse points and completing the following:

Set up your total station precisely over one of the points and level up the instrument as demonstrated, Angles turned MUST BE interior angles and turned to the right. Set up your prism/tribrach precisely over the adjoining point in you traverse (clockwise) from the point over which the instrument is set. Using the prism/tribrach as a backsight, turn each angle (to the next point, counterclockwise, from the point over which the instrument is set) up four times; using the prism pole and mini-prism for the foresight target. Record the fOUT single angles in your field notebook, as well as, the average angle of the fOUL NOTE:

The total station is not configured for repeating angles so the instrument is rezeroed after each angle is turned. It is also critical to invert or "flop" the telescope after each single angle is turned so that two of your angles are turned "direct" and two are turned "inverted", Since the instrument will not display an E04 message if the spread exceeds the 30" limit, you must check this yourself. Whereas you are measuring to fixed sights, the spread between lowest angle measurements and the highest cannot exceed 30", If your measurements exceed this tolerance continue turning angles until you have four readings (two direct and two reverse) all within a 30" spread.

Interior Angles in a Closed Traverse (Total station &fixed targets) Lab con 't, pg. 2.

After you have successfully quadrupled the angle, turn off the power on the instrument, PLACE THE INSTRUMENT IN THE BOX and proceed to the next point, counter-clockwise, on your traverse, and repeat the process as described above. After turning up all of the traverse angles, total them and record the total in the field notebook. Compare this total with the total from the previous lab and the theoretical total of: (n - 2) 1800, and record the differences in the field notebook.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will record the ORIGINAL notes for this exercise and the other students in the group will make copies at the end of the lab. Each student in the field party must set up the instrument and turn up at least one of the sets of angles and his/her initials should be recorded in the original notes beside the angular values that they measured.

The field notebook format is as shown on the following page of this manual. Do 110t forget a detailed sketch of the traverse. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you will not repeat the same errors.

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

Surveying for CET, Lab #8

LAB TITLE: Ties and Interior Angles and Distances in a Closed Traverse (Total station & fixed targets)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Demonstrate the proper care, handling and use of the Electronic Total Station. Demonstrate the proper care, handling and use of the prism/tribrach kit. Measure and Sketch ties to all traverse points. Turn all the angles and measure all the distances in a closed figure using an electronic total station to fixed targets and/or prism poles/mini-prism. Calculate the sum of the interior angles of the closed traverse and compare to the theoretical total and acceptable standards for tolerance.

EQUIPMENT: 2 Safety Cones

2 Plumb bobs wi gammon reels 100' fiberglass tape

Field Notebook

Straightedge, circle template, calculator Electronic Total Station

2 Adjustable Leg Tripods 1 Bi-pod

Prism Pole and Mini-Prism Prism Kit/Bag

PROCEDURE: This lab exercise will be carried out on your assigned traverse on campus. After signing out the above equipment, each lab group should find all points on their assigned traverse before beginning any measurements. Once all points are round, measure and sketch ties to each one. The total station should be precisely set up over each of the points and leveled up. The prism/tribrach should be used as a back sight. The prism pole, mini-prism and bi-pod should be used for the foresight target, All angles should be measured four times (2D, 2R) and all four single angles should be recorded in your field notebook, as well as, the average angle of the four. NOTE: The total station is not configured for repeating angles so the instrument is re-zeroed after each angle is turned. It is also critical to invert or "flop" the telescope after each single angle is turned so that two of your angles are turned "direct" and two me turned "inverted". The spread between the highest and lowest of the four can not exceed 20". If your measurements exceed this tolerance continue turning angles until you have four readings (two direct and two reverse) all within the 20" spread. The total angular error can not exceed 15 x~(number of points in the traverse). If the total angular error exceeds this tolerance, those angles with the largest spreads should be remeasured.

Ties and Interior Angles and Distances in a Closed Traverse Lab can't, pg. 2.

The instrument is to be boxed when moved between setups, Proceed counterclockwise, around your traverse. After turning up all of the traverse angles, total them and record the total in the field notebook. Compare this total with the theoretical total of: (n - 2) 1800, and record the differences in the field notebook.

! I

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will record the ORIGINAL notes for this exercise and the other students in the group will make copies at the end of the lab. Each student in the field party must set up the instrument and tum up at least one of the sets of angles and his/her initials should be recorded in the original notes beside the angular values that they measured.

The field notebook formats can be found in the Laboratory Manual for Surveying for C.E.T. See "note example" in Labs #1 and #4. Do not forget a complete and detailed sketch of the traverse.

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #9

LAB TITLE: Site Detail Location with the Electronic Total Station

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Use the Electronic Total Station for the simultaneous

collection of horizontal and verticallocation data as used in site detail and/or topographic mapping.

EQUIPMENT: Field notebook

Straightedge and curve template TI30Xa Calculator

Electronic Total Station

1 Prism Pole wi mini-prism 2 Adjustable Leg Tripods

1 Prism Kit/Bag

100' Fiberglass Tape 2 Safety Cones

PROCEDURE: Lab will begin with the instructor demonstrating the proper setup and procedure for use of the prism pole/mini- prism for the collection of vertical data. This lab exercise will be carried out all your assigned traverse on Campus. Each student will be responsible for one instrument set-up on a different traverse point. Each student will locate ten (10) different site features (ten (10) measurements). Once the traverse points for the setups are chosen the total station is set up over a traverse point. The prism/tribrach is also set up on the point chosen for the backsight. The height of instrument (hi) is measured and recorded for the Total Station. The instrument is zeroed on the backsight. Once that is done, a "check shot" is taken to the backsight as if it were a location shot, and recorded as such, The prism pole height is calibrated, and set at a known height, preferably 5,00', A rod height different than 5.00' should only be used when additional height is needed to see the prism over an obstruction, If/When the rod is raised up to be seen over an obstruction, it should be set at an even foot, and after the shot is taken, lowered back to 5,00', At the completion of each set-up, a "check shot" on the back sight prism should be taken, entered in the field notes, and compared to the first "check shot", The check shots should not be counted in the ten (10) site feature location measurements. Suggested site features for location would include catch basins, building corners, sidewalks, curbs, fences, valve boxes, signs, etc.

Site Detail Location with the Electronic Total Station Lab can't, pg. 2.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will record the ORIGINAL notes for this exercise and the other student(s) will make copies at the end of the lab. The note keeper will rotate among the group members as the group moves from set-up to set up. Students will record horizontal angles, horizontal distances (nearest 0.1 '), vertical distances (being careful of algebraic signs), rod readings, and descriptions for every point located. A sketch should also be included that indicates, traverse points used, and references properly the traverse as shown on previous lab sketches. After the field portion of the lab, the elevation for each point should be computed and entered in the field notebook, unless elevations for traverse point numbers are known, students should assume an elevation of 100.00 for the traverse point at each set-up. Neatness is CRITICAL in a set of notes like these. Every number and digit must be readable and there can be NO ambiguity as to what is written down.

The field notebook format is as shown on the sheet that will be distributed in lab session this week. Remember to include a detailed sketch of the traverse. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you will not repeat the same errors.

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for C.E.T., LAB #10

LAB TITLE: Topographic Survey and Data Collector

Site Detail Location with the Electronic Total Station and Data Collector

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Use the Electronic Total Station for the simultaneous collection of . horizontal and vertical location data as used in site detail and/or topographic mapping. Create an electronic field book.

EQUIPMENT: Field notebook

Straightedge and curve template TI30Xa Calculator

Electronic Total Station with Data Collector (External) 1 Prism Pole w/ mini-prism

2 Adjustable Leg Tripods

1 Prism Kit/Bag

6ft wood ruler

2 Safety Cones

PROCEDURE: Lab will begin with the instructor demonstrating the proper setup and procedure for use of the prism pole/mini-prism for the collection of vertical data. Also to be demonstrated is the use of the Data Collector, including setup of an

electronic field book. This lab exercise will be carried out on your assigned traverse on Campus. Each student will be responsible for one instrument set-up on a different traverse point. Each student wi11locate ten (10) different site features (ten (10) measurements). (A total of30 shots for a 3 person field crew). Once the traverse points for the setups are chosen the total station is set up over a traverse point. The prism/tribrach is also set up on the point chosen for the backsight. The height of instrument (hi) is measured and recorded for the Total Station. The instrument is zeroed on the backsight. Once that is done a "check shot" is taken to the backsight as if it were a location shot, and recorded as such. The prism pole height is calibrated, and set at a known height, prefereably 5.00'. A rod height different than 5.00' should only be used when additional height is needed to see the prism over an obstruction. If/When the rod is raised up to be seen over an obstruction, it should be set at an even foot, and after the shot is taken, lowered back to 5.00'. At the completion of each set-up, a "check shot" on the back sight prism should be taken, entered in the field notes, and compared to the first "check shot". The check shots should 110t be counted in the ten (10) site feature location measurements. Suggested site features for location would include catch basins, building comers, sidewalks, curbs, fences, valve boxes, signs, ect.

Site Detail Location with the Electronic Total Station Lab con 't, pg. 2.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: Each student will copy half of their shots (or 5 apiece) into

their field book as a check of their work using the data collector. The note keeper will rotate among the group members as the group moves from set-up to set up. Students will record horizontal angles, horizontal distances (nearest 0.01 '), vertical distances (being careful of algebraic signs), rod readings, and descriptions for every point located. A sketch should also be included that indicates, traverse points used, and references properly the traverse as shown on previous lab sketches. After the field portion of the lab, data will

be downloaded and compared to the manual field notes for accuracy. Neatness is CRITICAL in a set of notes like these. Every number and Digit must be readable and there can be NO ambiguity as to what is written down.

The field notebook format is as shown on the following page of this Manual. Do not forget a detailed sketch of the traverse. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for the previous labs so that you will not repeat the same errors,

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Enviromnent

SURVEYING for CET, LAB #11

LAB TITLE: Construction Layout: Utilities w/ offsets/grades

LEARNING OBJECTNE: Successfully layout utility structures such as those encountered in site construction. Students will utilize the techniques for providing grade information as part of layout for such structures.

EQUIPMENT:

Fieldbook Straightedge and curve template

T130Xa Calculator 1 piece of keel Hand Level

1 hammer

5 hubs

6 bean poles

Plumb bobs Electronic Theodolite Automatic Level

1 Adjustable Leg Tripod 100' steel tape

2 Safety Cones

PROCEDURE: Each lab group will be given a location to work: on the front lawn. Two random stakes will be set. The first will be set near the sidewalk, with the second being set so that an approximately 80' baseline (parallel to Ruggles Street) is set up. The stake at the sidewalk will be assumed to be at Station 0+00, and the second stakewill be assumed to be 011 the baseline at some random station (distance). Each lab group will set a hub for the center of three structures as follows:

Manhole at Station 0+30, 5'L, and two catch basins, both at Station 0+55, so the back edge of their 2.0' square grate is aligned with the proposed curb line. The pavement is designed at 24' curb line to curb line. Once the centers of the structures are set, the bean poles should be used to set 10' and 20' offsets for each structure. These stakes should be set out of the proposed traveled way to the extent possible, and should be set so that a line projected between the two stakes can be used to reestablish the structure center location, if necessary. Grade information for each structure should be noted on the 10' offset stake. One of the benchmarks from Lab #6 should be used to establish vertical control using the automatic level. Following is a table with the proposed grade information for each structure that needs to be laid out.

Construction Layout: Utilities w/ offsets/grades Lab con 't, pg. 2.

Structure Rim Invert in Invert Out
MH @ Sta 0+30 5L 22.05' 9.75' 9.50'
CB's @ Sta 0+55 21.66' 11.66' Using standard differential leveling techniques each group should establish the elevation on the top of the 10' offset stake for each structure. Then using the sample field note form on the following page, mark appropriate cut, fill, or finished grade marks for each of the three structures. The layout in the field is to be checked by the instructor prior to removing of the stakes.

NOTEBOOK FORMAT: The note keeper will record the ORIGINAL notes for this exercise.

Only one set of notes will be kept for each lab group, and will be handed in at the end of the lab period. Notes should include a sketch, measurements used to layout and check the structures, the level notes (in proper form) establishing the elevations on the 10' offset stakes, and the reduction notes/calculations to determine appropriate markings for the stakes. Be sure and look at the instructor's comments for previous labs so that you will not repeat the same errors.

Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

SURVEYING for CET, LAB#12

LAB TITLE:

Horizontal Curve Layout

LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Layout all the elements of a horizontal curve requiring the the calculation of all the parts of the given curve's geometry.

EQUIPMENT: Fieldbook Straightedge Electronic Theodolite Tripod

Steel Tape

Two Plumb Bobs 1 Safety Cone

12 hubs (12" stakes)

PROCEDURE: Each lab group will be give the radius of a curve to be laid out, and the curve's central angle. Students will begin the exercise by laying out a 25' line. This line is to be considered the back tangent with one end of the line being the "PC" of the curve. From this point each lab group will need to calculate the appropriate angles and distances to layout the following elements of the curve:

Radius Point, "PT" and "PI", and midpoint of the long chord. Assume that the curve to be laid out curves to the right (CW). Students will also be assigned a station for the "PI" of the curve, and will need to calculate the stations for the PC and layout points on the curve for all the stations in 20' intervals over the length of the curve (i.e.: 1 +20, 1 +40, 1+60, 1 +80, etc.). Students must also layout the midpoint of the curve. Students will also need to calculate the station of the PT, and mid point of the curve. Students win also need to calculate the degree of the curve, and lengths of the middle ordinate and the exterior distance. ALL THE ABOVE POINTS NEED TO BE LAID OUT FROM THE "PC", back sighting the 25' back tangent line. The distances between the even stations on the curve can be measured from the previous station stake. All measured angles used to layout the curve should be noted in the fieldbook, along with all check measurements taken. A detailed sketch should be included in the fieldbook. All calculations should be done on a separate calculation sheet (one per group, only), and reviewed by the instructor prior to beginning the curve layout and then handed in with the field book. Field notes should be noted as "original" or "copy". All layout calculations should be completed BEFORE going into the field.

NOTEBOOK FORlv1AT: The note keeper will record the ORIGINAL notes for this exercise in a student field book and the other student(s) will make copies at the end of the lab. The note form used should be the same as used

for similar labs in the previous semester. Students are reminded to use a block lettering style and to take into all field note standards discussed last semester.

See example of field notes that will be distributed in lab session.

Chart of Curve Parameters by Group

Lab Group Radius Central Angle PI Station
1 35 88 2+54.18
2 36 87 2+53.83
3 37 86 2+71.24
4 38 85 2+32.55
5 39 84 2+29.71
6 40 83 2+88.91
7 41 82 2+74.64
8 42 81 2+23.90 Wentworth Institute of Technology Department of Civil, Construction and Environment

Surveying Equipment Checkout Form

THIS FORM MUST BE FILLED OUT COMPLETELY INCLUDING 11iE NAMES OF THE STUDENTS IN THE PARTY LETTERED NEATLY ALONG WITH A READABLE SIGNATURE OF EACH STUDENT BEFORE YOU ENTER THE SURVEY LOCKER. UNLESS THE FORM IS FILLED OUT CORRECTLY NO EQUIPMENT WILL BE ISSUED. THERE IS TO BE NO MORE THAN ONE PARTY PERMITTED IN THE SURVEY LOCKER AT ANY TIME. BE SURE AND CHECK THE EQUIPMENT WHEN YOU RECEIVE IT, AS YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR IT WHILE IT IS IN YOUR POSSESSION. THE PARTY CHIEF MUST LEA VB A VALID WENTWORTH STUDENT LD. IN THE SURVEY LOCKER WHILE THE EQUIPMENT IS IN USE.

DATE:

SURVEY PARTY NO:

COURSE No.

LAB SECTION:

ON THE ABOVE DATE WE HAVE RECEIVED THE EQUIPMENT LISTED BELOW WHICH WE PROMISE TO RETURN IN GOOD CONDITION OR TO REIMBURSE THE WENTWORTH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR ANY DAMAGE INCURRED WHILE SIGNED OUT IN OUR NAMES.

Print Name Signature
Chief of Party:
Party Member:
Party Member:
Party Member: Equipment WIT Part No. Quantity Checked Out/Comment Checked In
Safety Cone
Total Station
Total Station Battery
Theodolite
Automatic Level
Tripod
Fiberglass Rod

100' Steel Tape
100' Fiberglass/Cloth Tape
Plumb Bobs w/ Gammon Reels
Spring Balance
Hand Level
Tape Clamp Handle
Chaining Pins

Prism/Tribrach KitlBag
Prism Pole/ Mini-Prism Kit
Hammer
Clipboard
Keel
Nails
Stakes Returned in Good Condition: DATE: Instructor's Initials:

------------- ~------------~