Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
University of Newcastle,UK
P
advantageous to use a drive capable of continuing to COMMANDS H - BRIDGE MOTOR PHASE
operate in the presence of any single point failure. Such
a drive is termed fault tolerant and the development of a
fault tolerant drive is the aim of the research presented
here.
The requirements for a fault tolerant power system have The drive has been designed to ensure that it is possible
been presented by White [3]. These requirements may to continue to operate with the fault until the faulted
also be applied 1:o a fault tolerant drive with only a little unit can be replaced. Appropriate post fault control
modification, necessitating: must prevent fault propagation and minimize the impact
of the fault on the dc link and shaft torque. Short circuit
Partitioning and redundancy fault current in the machine is limited to rated value by
Isolation between units designing the machine with a 1.O p.u. phase inductance.
Fault detection and reporting
Continued operation until the next service DESIGN
opportunity.
The details of this design are summarized in table 1.
The synchronous PM drive has been designed to fulfil The machine is wound with a single coil per phase and
these requirements. The drive is partitioned into 6 single each coil is wound around an alternate single tooth. The
phase units, each comprising an independent single general configuration for a 6 phase, 8 pole machine is
ENID97 1-3 September 1997 Conference Publication No. 444 0 IEE 1997 133
TABLE 1 - Machine Design careful electromagnetic design 1.O per unit reactance
has been achieved.
Parameter Value Units The single phase bridges used to control the power flow
into the machine are supplied from a nominal 270 V DC
Operating speed 13000 rpm bus. Certain attributes are required of the bridges:-
Poles 8
Turns per phase 50
* Sufficient thermal and physical isolation between
Phases 6 power electronic devices to allow a device to
Active mass 3.227 kg continue functioning in the event of the failure of its
Target torque with 6 phases 11.75 Nm neighbour.
Target Rated Current (rms. 21.1 A
Ability of devices to survive a supply short circuit
sinusoidal) for sufficient time to detect the fault.
Ability to turn off a power device that has been
shown in Figure 2. Further background on the design turned on in the presence of a short circuit.
topology is presented in [ 11.
IGBTs are used with appropriate gate drive circuits
The stator unit of this machine can be seen in Figure 3. capable of providing monitoring functions.
It is housed in a water cooled casing. The machine
stator is wound in a manner which provides the required MEASURED PARAMETERS
physical, thermal, electrical and magnetic isolation
between phases, thus enabling the machine to continue The parameters of the machine have been measured as
operating with a faulted phase. This topology naturally recorded in table 2. The machine has been mounted on a
results in a relatively high per unit reactance and with test rig, driving a DC load machine through a torque
meter and a toothed belt, Figure 4.
-
are used it is proportionately smaller, in fact only 2% of
the rated torque of the machine.
Figure 7 shows the torque per unit current vs. angle for
a range of phase currents. Note that the cogging torque
has been subtracted from the result in Figure 7. It is
Figure 2: Machine Topology. clear that even at 30 amps there is very little loss of
Figure 3: Stator Unit for the 16 kW Machine Figure 4 : The Drive Test Rig .
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TABLE 2 - Measured Machine Parameters current in phase A, giving a temperature rise of 100
degrees will only give a 5 degree rise in phase B.
Hence thermal propagation of faults from one phase to
Parameter Value Units the next is unldcely.
0.1 3 0
C
i
Q
2
0.05 2
G
-0.02
P -0.04
2 O
t
:-0.05 -0.06
I
-0.1 -0.08
80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 0 80
-0.15 Current (A)
0 10 20 30 40 50 80 70 80 90
Rotor Posttbn (degrees)
Figure 8 : Relationship between Flux Linkage and
Figure 7 : Static torque per amp Current for a Range of Electrical Angles.
135
occurring in the power converter and the electric inductance. The terminal short circuit can be applied by
machine. It is believed that this set of faults includes all tuming on the upper 2 power switches in the bridge
the most probable and serious electrical failures. The supplying the faulted phase to provide the current
faults considered are: shown path in Figure 10.
OPE N - FAULTED
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detected sufficiently quickly to ensure that the shaft unaffected by a shorted phase and the drive can
speed remains unaffected. continue to operate
REFERENCES
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