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RABIUL
12 1434 H/ 1434
AWAL
SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI (STAIN) H/2013
BATUSANGKAR M
TAHUN AJARAN 2013/2014
Jln Sudirman No 137 Kubu Rajo Limokaum Batusangkar Telp: 0752-71150
Website: http://www.stainbatusangkar.ac.id STA
IN BATUSANGKAR
KEMENTERIAN AGAMA
SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM (STAIN) BATUSANGKAR
Jln Sudirman No 137 Kubu Rajo Limokaum Batusangkar Telp: 0752-71150
STA Website: http://www.stainbatusangkar.ac.id
IN BATUSANGKAR
COURSE SYLLABUS
A. GENERAL INFORMATION
1. Subject : English II
2. Credit : 2 credit hours
3. Semester/Year : 2/2013-2014
4. Faculty/Department : All faculties/Departments
5. Prerequisite : English I
6. Lecturers : RIDIANTO, S. Pd. I, M. Pd
B. COURSE DESCDRIPTION
This course is designed to prepare students with the opportunity to deal with
some principles of public speaking in presentation and discussion situations
relevant to topics of their background disciplines.
C. COURSE OBJECTIVES
After completing the course, the students are expected to have practical skills
in public speaking of dealing with presentation and discussion situations. It is
expected that by providing students with the skills, the students are able to
express their ideas in natural, clear, accurate, systematic English.
D. COURSE ACTIVITIES
The activities of the course are as follow: lecturing, individual and group
paper presentation (in Power point) and discussion.
E. EVALUATION
The final mark of the course will be based on the following aspects:
F. REFERENCES
G. COURSE TOPICS
16 FINAL EXAMINATION
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami silabus perkuliahan
Bahasa Inggris 2 sesuai dengan disiplin ilmu masing-masing prodi.
B. Kompetensi Pembelajaran
Mamahami materi dan melaksanakan kegiatan PBM selama satu semester
C. Pokok Materi
Part of Speech Preparation/Part of Presentation
E. Uraian Materi
1. Pelaksanaan perkuliahan dilaksanakan sebanyak 16 kali mencakup 14
kali tatap muka dan 2 kali ujian, yaitu Ujian Tengah Semester yang
dilaksanakan pada pertemuan ke 9 dan Ujian Akhir Semester pada
pertemuan ke 16.
2. Pemberian tugas diberikan minimal pada setiap 2 kali pertemuan.
3. Seluruh materi yang akan disampaikan selama satu semester
dijabarkan dalam silabus.
4. Bobot penilaian terhadap tugas dan keaktifan selama mengikuti
perkuliahan adalah 30%, UTS 30% dan UAS 40%.
5. Speech is power: speech is to persuade, to convert, to compel. It is to
bring another out of his bad sense into your good sense. (quoted from
Ralp Waldo Emerson)
6. In this lesson, we will consider the most important element of your
upcoming speech: the audience. We will also consider several other
factors, such as the setting where youll be speaking. Before you get up
in front of an audience to give a speech, you must first answer these two
fundamental questions: Who am I speaking to? Why am I speaking to
them? The answer to these questions will determine everything about
your upcoming speech, including preparation, content, and delivery.
7. They are two areas in preparing of speech namely learning to write and to
speak before an audience. Nothing in life is more important than the
ability to communicate effectively (quoted from Gerald R. Ford).
8. It can be concluded that there are some preparations that should we do
before speaking in front of the audience: first, getting started
(purposes/audiences/topics), outlining your speech, the body of a
Student's Student's
pronunciation pronunciation Student's Student's Student's
pronunciation was pronunciation pronunciation
Student's made was
was understandable
pronunciation understanding
Accent or but mostly was
Pronunciation understandable understandable understandable
was very difficult with with some with
mostly made
incomprehensible
understanding
some error acceptable error almost no error
Difficult
manage their voice manage their manage their voice manage their
manage their voice manage their voice
quality voice quality quality voice quality
quality quality
Student
maintains eye Student maintains
Student Student occasionally Student
eye
occasionally uses uses occasionally uses
Student reads all of contact most of
report the contact with
Eye Contact eye contact, but eye contact, but eye contact, but
audience,
with no eye contact time but
still reads most still reads some of still reads a little frequently seldom returning
of report report of report
to notes
returns to notes
Student presents
Audience has Audience has mostly Audience has information
Audience cannot Student presents
very difficulty difficulty some difficulty
understand information
in logical,
following following following interesting
presentation in logical
Concluding presentation presentation presentation
because there sequence which
because because because
sequence which
is no sequence of audience can audience
student jumps student jumps student jumps
information follow
around around around
can follow
Score = P+G+V+F+I+Cont+VQ+NVC+EC+Conc
x 100%
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan Speech Preparation.
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai Speech Preparation
yang berkaitan dengan getting started dan outlining speech
C. Pokok Materi
Speech Preparation: getting started (purposes/audiences/topics), outlining
your speech
E. Uraian Materi
Speech Preparation
Getting started helps you get started by explaining the process of selecting
a speech topic and creating a specific purpose for your speech. While, outlining
your speech, you can better organize your ideas before speaking.
If you dont know the areas in which you are most successful, you wont
make the right choices in your life. Once you know your strongest success areas.
You can make self-fulfilling rather than self defeating choices (quoted from Lila
Swell).
This point will help you to find speech topics through a process of
analyzing your general purpose, yourself (the speaker), your audience, and the
occasion. Finally, we will look at at turning your topic into a specific purpose.
To get profit without risk, experience without danger, and reward without
work, is as impossible as it is to live without being born (quoted from Gouthey). It
means that the outline of a speech its blueprint. No other aid is as valuable to a
speaker as a well-planned and prepared outline. The ability to put your speech
into a stylized format tells your audience members that you are prepared and
have considered a number of factors before speaking to them. Before you begin
to write an outline, you will need to understand why you need to outline your
speech, the principles of outlining, the techniques of outlining, and the styles of
outlines you may be called upon to write.
a. Thesis
The point of your speech is stated in one single sentence that clearly
tells your audience what you intend to accomplish in your speech.
Some books refer to this purpose statement as the controlling
purpose, thematic purpose, or the central idea. Other authors
refer to this statement as a purpose statement, a core statement,
the proposition, or the thesis.. Whatever the label used, and
argument can be offered for each, this statement is the unifying force
of speech, and its precise wording will guide your preparation and
your audiences listening. For purposes of this text, we will always
refer to this purpose statement as the thesis.
The thesis is not your specific purpose, but you develop your thesis
from your specific purpose. For example, if your specific purpose is to
have your audience members understand the effects of radon, you
might create a thesis that emphasizes the effect of radon on homes.
Today I will explain the three major effects of radon on residential
homes. If your purpose were to get your audience members to have
their homes checked for radon, you might word it. Today I will
persuade you check your home for radon for two reasons.
Once you have completed your thesis statement, check it carefully to
ensure that (1) it is a complete sentence, (2) it contains only one
purpose, (3) it is a statement, not a question, and (4) it includes your
specific purpose.
b. Principles of outlining
The three principles of outlining are:
(1) The principle of subordination
It is one of isolating main points and subordinate points and
organizing the ideas in your speech to represent that intention.
Subordination indicates that something is less than or is
dependent on something else. In an outline subordinate points are
elements (or sub points) of the main points. These minor points, as
they are sometimes called, should equal the major point when they
are all put together.
(2) The principle of division
It is the principle of dividing topics into subordinate areas.
Whenever anything is divided, it is segmented into a minimum of
two parts. In an outline, when a topic is divided, you must also
have a minimum of two parts, thus the reason for the rule that
every one must have a two and every A must have B in an
outline. According to the principle, all items in the outline are
either undivided or divided into two or more parts. For example, in
the speech on anorexia nervosa, the topic was divided into two
main parts.
(3) The principle of parallelism
This principle states that all main points in the outline are
approximately equal; that all sub points of a main point are
approximately equal; and that the construction of the outline
shows their equality. This principle states that all items in the
outline that are approximately equal be shown as equals.
c. Techniques of outlining
Outlines are usually written in one of two different styles: they are
either sentence outlines or topic outlines. Whether your outline is
written as a sentence outline or a topic outline. The mechanics of your
outline are the same. Roman numerals (I, II , III, etc) identify the main
I. INTTODUCTION
A. Main idea number one
B. Main idea number two
C. Main idea number three
II. THESIS
III. BODY
A. Main idea number one in support of thesis
1. Sub point one in support of A
2. Sub point two in support of A
a. Example one in support of 2
b. Example two in support of 2
B. Main idea number two in support of thesis
1. Sub point number one in support of B
a. Example one in support of 1
b. Example two in support of 1
2. Sub point number two in support of B
C. Main idea number three in support of thesis
IV. CONCLUSION
Each item in the outline represents the totality of the idea you
wish to speak about.
d. Sample outlines
Sample sentence outline
Organ Donation (outlines by Lisa Griffiths)
I. INTTODUCTION
A. Attention-getter: Imagine this conversation
B. Credentials: I have worked in a dialysis unit
C. Interest: Dialysis affects all of us
II. THESIS: Today I will persuade you that organ donation is vital for
three reasons.
PREVIEW: Those three reasons are: (1) There is a shortage of
organs available, (2) There are many misconceptions about organ
donation, and (3) Organ donations improve the quality of life.
III. BODY
A. There is a shortage of organs available
1. Many patients await heart transplants
2. Many patients await liver transplants
B. There are many misconceptions about organ donation
1. Only young people can donate organs
2. Only healthy people can donate organs
3. Only wealthy people can afford transplants
C. Organ donations improve the quality of life
1. Organ donations help patients
a. Organ donations help patients psychologically
b. Organ donations help patients physically
2. Organ donations help families
a. Organ donations help families psychologically
b. Organ donations help families economically
IV. CONCLUSION
A. Review main points
1. There is a shortage of organs available
2. There are many misconceptions about organ donation
3. Organ donations improve the quality of life
B. Closing thought: Most patients wait for a phone call
Assignment:
Select a topic from your list personal experience from getting started
(purposes/audiences/topics) and prepare both a sentence outline and a topic
outline for a speech. Compare the two outlines for completeness and conformity
to the style of the different outlines. Make your outlines conform to the
principles of division, subordination, and parallelism. Checks to make sure that
you have a single purpose in your thesis statement, and that you have adjusted
to specific requirements of your instructor/lecturer/teacher.
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan speech preparation
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai speech preparation
yang berhubungan dengan the body of a speech and supporting materials
C. Pokok Materi
Speech preparation: the body of a speech and supporting materials
E. Uraian Materi
Speech Preparation
4. Supporting materials
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan speech preparation
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai speech preparation
yang berhubungan dengan the introduction and the conclusion
C. Pokok Materi
Speech preparation: The Introduction (getting your speech started) and the
conclusion (ending your speech)
E. Uraian Materi
Speech Preparation
b. Preparing a conclusion
c. Presenting a conclusion
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan speech delivery
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai speech delivery yang
berhubungan dengan extemporaneous, impromptu, and manuscript
delivery
C. Pokok Materi
Speech delivery: Extemporaneous, impromptu, and manuscript delivery
E. Uraian Materi
Speech Delivery
The credit in life does not go to the critic who stands on the sidelines and
points out where the strong stumble, but rather, the real credit in life goes to the
man who is actually in the arena, whose face may get marred by sweat and dust,
who knows great enthusiasm and great devotion and learns to spend himself in a
worthy cause, who at best if he wins, knows the thrill of high achievement and he
fails, at least fails while daring greatly, so that in life his place will never be with
those very cold and timid souls who know neither victory nor defeat (quoted from
Theodore Roosevelt).
1. Extemporaneous delivery
2. Impromptu delivery
3. Manuscript delivery
a. Principles of manuscript delivery
b. Preparing manuscript
c. Speech composition
d. Writing a manuscript
e. Presenting a manuscript speech
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan speech delivery
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai speech delivery yang
berhubungan dengan using visual aids, nonverbal presentation, language
C. Pokok Materi
Speech delivery: Using visual aids, nonverbal presentation, language
E. Uraian Materi
Speech Delivery
5. Nonverbal presentation
6. Language
a. Principles of language
b. The nature of language
1. Connotation and denotation
2. Oral language
c. Elements of language
1. Clarity
2. Vividness
a) Active verbs
b) Imagery
c) Alliteration
d) Repetition
e) Parallelism
3. Appropriateness
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan MC
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai bentuk MC yang
berhubungan dengan Personal identity, Personal history, Families, Hobbies,
Education background, and Job experience
C. Pokok Materi
MC: Personal identity, Personal history, Families, Hobbies, Education
background, and Job experience
E. Uraian Materi
1. Name, nickname
2. Nationality: country and city of birth?
3. Family information: married or single? Children?
4. Past education: Years? Place? Major? Degrees?
5. Current occupation
To begin:
To close:
Here are some example expressions you can use to report the results of activity
to the class. You can use similar expressions in reporting the results of other
activities in this text.
Mention the names of the group members and the purpose of the discussion.
Notice how the main points are organized by using the words first, then, and
finally.
I believe that this summarizes our results. Do you have any questions?
I. RKOW-FAWA MEETING
0. Delegates and participants, may I call for your attention please,
our program is about to start, you are kindly requested to proceed
to the meeting room
1. (assalammualaikum, wr.wb)
Honorable head of delegation of Fawa (Federation of Asian
Womens Association)
Good morning
2. Distinguished guests
We will be hearing the speech by the Head of Delegation of FAWA,
Mrs. Wiwiek Sudjono
Thank you very much for your kind attention. Good night.
Wassallammualaikum, Wr. Wb
All praises be to Allah SWT, the lord of the world, the master of the day after, the
creator of everything in this Universe. Peace and Salutation be upon our prophet
Muhammad SAW, who has brought us from the darkness into the brightness
and guided us into the right way of life.
Welcome to our meeting today in International Seminar with the topic the
important of learning English and international communication. Before we are
going to begin our seminar today, I would like to introduce myself. My full name
is Ahmad Habibi, people usually call me Ahmad. I was born at Koto Tuo,
Batusangkar, West Sumatera, Indonesia, on April 6th, 1982. I am still studying
in English Department on fifth semester at State College for Islamic Studies
(STAIN) Batusangkar. Now, I am as moderator will guide you from beginning till
closing this seminar.
Now, in beside me already coming one speaker who has the large knowledge
about English as international language in communication. He is Prof. Drs. H.
Zainil, M.A., Ph.D, you can call him, Mr. Zainil. He was born at Air Dingin,
Alahan Panjang, West Sumatera, Indonesia, on April 12, 1941. He graduated
from elementary school at Air Dingin, 1955, from junior high school at Alahan
Panjang, 1958, from senior high school in solok, 1961, he earned his B.A degree
in Teaching English in Bukittinggi, 1969, Dip TEFL in Singapore, 1972, Drs.
Equivalent to M.A. in teaching English in Bukittinggi, 1973, in TEFL at Suny,
Buffalo, USA 1984, Ph.D. in TESL at Suny Buffalo, USA, 1987, and Professor of
English, 1997, at State University of Padang, Indonesia.
He began teaching English since 1961 at junior high school. He has been
teaching English at the English Department of State University of Padang since
1970. He has presented the papers of methods of teaching of English and
Language learning Strategies in the local, national, and international seminars
and workshops.
He also has delivered his finding of his researches in Teaching English in such
seminars. He was written some books related to teaching English. Last but not
least, Zainil, et al. has developed a method of language teaching, ACTIONAL
FUNCTIONAL MODEL.
Prof. Dr. H. Zainil, M.A., Ph.D is now a senior professor of language teaching
methods, good language learner strategies, and Academic Readings of English at
Graduate Program of State University of Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
As we know that English is so important for all of people in the world today.
Because English is international language, and in this modern era we are
demanded to have good spoken in English skill and communication in English
language. And our speaker today will give us some motivation, suggestion and
also he will share about his experience in learning English to all of audience.
Now, please welcome for our speaker today Prof. Dr. H. Zainil, M.A., Ph.D
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan Discussion and Debate
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai bentuk Discussion
and Debate yang berhubungan dengan useful expression
C. Pokok Materi
Discussion and Debate: Useful Phrases For Discussion + Debate
E. Uraian Materi
Pardon?
Excuse me?
Could you please repeat that?
Would you mind repeating your question?
To get the teachers attention, you can simple raise your hand. You may
also call the teacher by name. Sometimes you can signal that you want to speak
by learning forward and making eye contact with the teacher. If the teacher
doesnt notice these signals, you can also say:
Excuse me,..
When the teacher calls on you, you can give yourself a moment or two to think
before answering by:
Hesitating
Well, umm
Let me think
Avoiding answering
Im not really sure
ENCOURAGING CONVERSATION
I see oh
Of course yes
Really? Mmmmm
B: it did?
B: didnt you?
B: Paris?
B: two hours
What happened?
CLOSING A CONVERSATION
Well, okay.
Well, listen
Ending:
I should be going
Taking leave:
Good bye
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan Speaking to group (presentation)
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai bentuk Speaking to
group (presentation) yang berhubungan dengan Introducing the topic,
Starting the topic, Adding other points, and Concluding the talk
C. Pokok Materi
Speaking to group (presentation): Introducing the topic, Starting the topic,
Adding other points, and Concluding the talk
E. Uraian Materi
You might try the following ways to reduce your stage fright/anxiety when
speaking before a group:
TELLING A STORY
When you tell a story, you need to help the listeners follow your progress as you
move from one event to another.
Id like to tell you about a very strange experience. I had last summer
while I was traveling in Canada.
First,.
Second,.
Third, .
Next,.
Then,
Later,.
After that,.
Finally,
Concluding
So, to end y story, it was a very difficult trip, but I think I learned how to
take care of myself in an emergency.
Delivery refers to the way you use your eyes, voice, and body to communicate
your message
You can add interest to your topic by considering the following questions:
Giving an explanation
Using an example
For example..
For instance..
Telling an anecdotes
Using a scenario
Imagine that
suppose that ..
Giving reasons
Considering consequences
As a result,
Therefore,..
consequently
Here are some expressions that you might use in giving a talk on the problems
people face when traveling alone. Of course, these are only some of the many
possible expressions.
Today, I would like to talk to you about several problems that people face when
they travel alone.
To start with.
First of all
Another problem is
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami berbagai literatur terkait
dengan Developing a presentation
B. Kompetensi Dasar
Mahasiswa memahami dan mengidentifikasi berbagai bentuk developing a
presentation yang berhubungan dengan introduction, body, and conclusion
C. Pokok Materi
Developing a presentation: introduction, body, and conclusion
E. Uraian Materi
DEVELOPING A PRESENTATION
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami silabus perkuliahan
Bahasa Inggris 2 sesuai dengan disiplin ilmu masing-masing prodi.
B. Kompetensi Pembelajaran
Mamahami materi dan melaksanakan kegiatan presentasi dan diskusi
C. Pokok Materi
Group presentation and discussion sesuai dengan prodi masing-masing
E. Uraian Materi
1. Pelaksanaan kegiatan presentasi dan diskusi yang didahului dengan
MC. Sukses atau tidaknya suatu kegiatan diskusi tergantung dari
kepintaran dan ketelitian dari seorang moderator (MC)
2. Penyampaian materi dari masing-masing kelompok dan mahasiswa
lainnya sebagai penanggap atau penanya, pemberi saran dan kritikan
dalam bahasa Inggris
3. Kegiatan Tanya jawab dari peserta diskusi dengan pemakalah
Student's Student's
pronunciation pronunciation Student's Student's Student's
pronunciation was pronunciation pronunciation
Student's made was
was understandable
pronunciation understanding
Accent or but mostly was
Pronunciation understandable understandable understandable
was very difficult with with some with
mostly made
incomprehensible
understanding
some error acceptable error almost no error
Difficult
manage their voice manage their manage their voice manage their
manage their voice manage their voice
quality voice quality quality voice quality
quality quality
students are very students are poor students are fair students are good
students are students are very
Non Verbal Com
average good
poor to control and to control and to control and to control and
manage gestures manage their manage their to control and manage their to control and
gestures gestures gestures
manage their manage their
gestures gestures
Student
maintains eye Student maintains
Student Student occasionally Student
eye
occasionally uses uses occasionally uses
Student reads all of contact most of
report the contact with
Eye Contact eye contact, but eye contact, but eye contact, but
audience,
with no eye contact time but
still reads most still reads some of still reads a little frequently seldom returning
of report report of report
to notes
returns to notes
Student presents
Audience has Audience has mostly Audience has information
Audience cannot Student presents
very difficulty difficulty some difficulty
understand information
in logical,
following following following interesting
presentation in logical
Concluding presentation presentation presentation
because there sequence which
because because because
sequence which
is no sequence of audience can audience
student jumps student jumps student jumps
information follow
around around around
can follow
Score = P+G+V+F+I+Cont+VQ+NVC+EC+Conc
x 100%
A. Petunjuk Umum
Setiap mahasiswa wajib membaca dan memahami silabus perkuliahan
Bahasa Inggris 2 sesuai dengan disiplin ilmu masing-masing prodi.
B. Kompetensi Pembelajaran
Mamahami materi dan melaksanakan kegiatan presentasi dan diskusi
C. Pokok Materi
Individual paper presentation and discussion sesuai dengan prodi masing-
masing
E. Uraian Materi
1. Pelaksanaan kegiatan presentasi dan diskusi yang didahului dengan
MC. Sukses atau tidaknya suatu kegiatan diskusi tergantung dari
kepintaran dan ketelitian dari seorang moderator (MC)
2. Penyampaian materi dari masing-masing mahasiswa dan mahasiswa
lainnya sebagai penanggap atau penanya, pemberi saran dan kritikan
tentang materi yang disampaikan
3. Kegiatan Tanya jawab dari peserta diskusi dengan pemakalah
Student's Student's
pronunciation pronunciation Student's Student's Student's
pronunciation was pronunciation pronunciation
Student's made was
was understandable
pronunciation understanding
Accent or but mostly was
Pronunciation understandable understandable understandable
was very difficult with with some with
mostly made
incomprehensible
understanding
some error acceptable error almost no error
Difficult
manage their voice manage their manage their voice manage their
manage their voice manage their voice
quality voice quality quality voice quality
quality quality
students are very students are poor students are fair students are good
students are students are very
Non Verbal Com
average good
poor to control and to control and to control and to control and
manage gestures manage their manage their to control and manage their to control and
gestures gestures gestures
manage their manage their
gestures gestures
Student
maintains eye Student maintains
Student Student occasionally Student
eye
occasionally uses uses occasionally uses
Student reads all of contact most of
report the contact with
Eye Contact eye contact, but eye contact, but eye contact, but
audience,
with no eye contact time but
still reads most still reads some of still reads a little frequently seldom returning
of report report of report
to notes
returns to notes
Student presents
Audience has Audience has mostly Audience has information
Audience cannot Student presents
very difficulty difficulty some difficulty
understand information
in logical,
following following following interesting
presentation in logical
Concluding presentation presentation presentation
because there sequence which
because because because
sequence which
is no sequence of audience can audience
student jumps student jumps student jumps
information follow
around around around
can follow
Score = P+G+V+F+I+Cont+VQ+NVC+EC+Conc
x 100%