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Taxes in India are levied by the Central Government and the state governments.

[1] Some minor


taxes are also levied by the local authorities such as the Municipality.[2]
The authority to levy a tax is derived from the Constitution of India which allocates the power to levy
various taxes between the Central and the State. An important restriction on this power is Article 265
of the Constitution which states that "No tax shall be levied or collected except by the authority of
law".[3] Therefore, each tax levied or collected has to be Taxes in India are levied by the Central
Government and the state governments.[1] Some minor taxes are also levied by the local authorities
such as the Municipality.[2]
The authority to levy a tax is derived from the Constitution of India which allocates the power to levy
various taxes between the Central and the State. An important restriction on this power is Article 265
of the Constitution which states that "No tax shall be levied or collected except by the authority of
law".[3] Therefore, each tax levied or collected has to be backed by an accompanying law, passed
either by the Parliamentor the State Legislature. In 2015-2016, the gross tax collection of the Centre
amounted to 14.60 trillion (US$230 billion).[
backed by an accompanying law, passed either by the Parliamentor the State Legislature. In 2015-
2016, the gross tax collection of the Centre amounted to 14.60 trillion (US$230 billion).[

India has a well-developed tax structure with clearly demarcated authority between Central and State Governments
and local bodies.
Central Government levies taxes on income (except tax on agricultural income, which the State Governments can
levy), customs duties, central excise and service tax.
Value Added Tax (VAT), (Sales tax in States where VAT is not yet in force), stamp duty, State Excise, land revenue
and tax on professions are levied by the State Governments. Local bodies are empowered to levy tax on properties,
octroi and for utilities like water supply, drainage etc.

In last 10-15 years, Indian taxation system has undergone tremendous reforms. The tax rates have been rationalized
and tax laws have been simplified resulting in better compliance, ease of tax payment and better enforcement. The
process of rationalization of tax administration is ongoing in India.

The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) is a part of the Department of Revenue in the Ministry of
Finance, Government of India. The CBDT provides essential inputs for policy and planning of direct taxes in India
and is also responsible for administration of the direct tax laws through Income Tax Department.
The CBDT is a statutory authority functioning under the Central Board of Revenue Act, 1963 .

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